Multiomics Data Integration of Lipid Metabolism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Studies Using Bioinformatics Networks Based on Vertical and Horizontal Comparisons.

Exploring changes in lipid metabolism is helpful for providing unique insight into hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis mechanisms and early hepatocarcinogenesis. However, lipid metabolism involves different omics molecular interactions by means of both linear and nonlinear forms. Thus, we proposed a novel network construction method based on molecular pair evaluation from linear and nonlinear viewpoints (PELN) for clinical studies.

Automated Mapping the Pathways of Cranial Nerve II, III, V, and VII/VIII: A Multi-Parametric Multi-Stage Diffusion Tractography Atlas.

Objective: Cranial nerves (CNs) play a crucial role in various essential functions of the human brain, and mapping their pathways from diffusion MRI (dMRI) provides valuable preoperative insights into the spatial relationships between individual CNs and key tissues. However, mapping a comprehensive and detailed CN atlas is challenging because of the unique anatomical structures of each CN pair and the complexity of the skull base environment.

Method: In this work, we present what we believe to be the first study to develop a comprehensive diffusion tractography atlas for automated mapping of CN pathways in the human brain.

Short-term exposure to a high-humidity environment triggers intestinal inflammation via AQP3.

Background: With the increasing greenhouse effect, there is growing concern about the correlation between the humid environment and the incidence of various diseases. A high-humidity environment may cause intestinal inflammation through bacterial colonization or contamination of water. Aquaporin-3 (AQP3) plays an important role in maintaining intestinal water transport, permeability, fluid secretion, and absorption homeostasis.

Unveiling the best immune checkpoint inhibitor-based therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the first-line setting: an updated systematic review and Bayesian network analysis.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combination therapies have been recommended as first-line options for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC); however, no head-to-head randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have compared all existing ICI-based therapies.

Objective: We aimed to analyze the updated data to compare the efficacy of all available ICI-based options for mRCC.

Design: A systematic review and Bayesian network analysis.

Industrializable interlayer with catalytic conversion of dead lithium for Ah-level Nickel-rich lithium metal batteries.

The growth of lithium (Li) dendrites and the accumulation of dead Li (i.e., Li metal regions which are electronically disconnected from the current collector) significantly undermine the safety and performance of Li metal batteries.

[Effects and mechanisms of hpcMSC transplantation in ameliorating cognitive dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and hippocampal neuronal damage in stroke mice].

Objective To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hpcMSCs) on cognitive dysfunction, neuroinflammation, neuronal damage and synaptic plasticity in a mouse model of stroke. Methods A mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was adopted. The mice were randomly divided into three groups: sham operation group, MCAO group and hpcMSCs treatment group, with seven mice in each group.

Unified Framework for Oculomotor Nerve Reconstruction: Tractography-Based Anatomical Assessment.

Background And Purpose: The oculomotor nerve (OCN) innervates the eye muscles and can be affected by inflammatory, compressive, and pathological conditions. Diffusion MRI (dMRI) tractography shows the potential ability to describe the trajectory of the OCN. However, reconstruction of the OCN in the cavernous sinus is still challenging due to the complex tissue environment at the skull base.

Lithiophilic Interlayer with Electrolyte-Reservoir and Dendrite-Buffer for High-Performance Lithium Metal Batteries.

Uneven local electric fields and limited nucleation sites at the reaction interface can lead to the formation of hazardous lithium (Li) dendrites, posing a significant safety risk and impeding the practical utilization of Li metal anodes (LMAs). Here, we present a method utilizing atomic layer deposition (ALD) to create lithiophilic titanium nitride (TiN) sites on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) surfaces, integrated with nanocellulose to form a lithiophilic interlayer (NFCP@TN). This interlayer, which is highly flexible and electrolyte-wettable, functions as a current collector and host material for LMAs.

Global Temporal Trends and Projections of Stroke Among Women of Childbearing Age: An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Stroke is a major global health concern, particularly for women of childbearing age (WCBA), who face unique biological and sociodemographic risks. This study analyzes temporal trends in stroke incidence, prevalence, disability-adjusted life-year (DALY), and deaths among WCBA at global, regional, and national levels over the past three decades, using age-period-cohort (APC) modeling.

Methods: Stroke burden data for WCBA from 1992 to 2021 across 204 countries were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study.

Bispecific antibodies targeting MPXV A29 and B6 demonstrate efficacy against MPXV infection.

Recently, the monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak was once again declared by the World Health Organization as a global health emergency, and currently, there is no specific drug against MPXV. During the replication cycle, MPXV produces two distinct forms of viral particles: extracellular enveloped virus (EEV), released via exocytosis, and intracellular mature virus (IMV), expelled through host cell lysis. A29 and B6 proteins are membrane proteins found on the IMV and EEV viral particles, respectively.

Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in hospitalized pediatric patients presenting with acute lower respiratory tract infections utilizing targeted next-generation sequencing.

Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a prevalent pathogen in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia. Currently, limited literature exists on the clinical utilization of pathogen-targeted sequencing technologies.

Methods: Targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) technology was employed to analyze bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from 1,070 hospitalized pediatric patients with acute lower respiratory tract infections.

Exposure to high-temperature and high-humidity environments associated with cardiovascular mortality.

Aging populations are susceptible to climate change due to physiological factors and comorbidities. Most relevant studies reported the effect of temperature on cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality in aging populations. However, the combined effects of temperature and humidity on CVD-related mortality remain unclear.

Automated White Matter Fiber Tract Segmentation for the Brainstem.

This study aimed to develop an automatic segmentation method for brainstem fiber bundles. We utilized the brainstem as a seed region for probabilistic tractography based on multishell, multitissue constrained spherical deconvolution in 40 subjects from the Human Connectome Project (HCP). All tractography data were registered into a common space to construct a brainstem fiber cluster atlas.

Programmable Macrophage Vesicle Based Bionic Self-Adjuvanting Vaccine for Immunization against Monkeypox Virus.

The emergence of monkeypox has become a global health threat after the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the lack of available specifically treatment against MPV, developing an available vaccine is thus the most prospective and urgent strategy. Herein, a programmable macrophage vesicle based bionic self-adjuvanting vaccine (AM@AEvs-PB) is first developed for defending against monkeypox virus (MPV).

Sequential Immune Acquisition of Monoclonal Antibodies Enhances Phagocytosis of by Recognizing ATP Synthase.

: The aim of this study was to prepare monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that broadly target and protect against infection by multi-drug-resistant (MDR) from different sources. : mAb 8E6 and mAb 1B5 were prepared by sequentially immunizing mice with a sublethal inoculation of three heterogeneous serotypes of pan-drug-resistant (PDR) , ST-208, ST-195, and ST-229. : The cross-recognition of heterogeneous bacteria (n = 13) by two mAbs and potential targets was verified, and the in vitro antibacterial efficacy of mAbs was assessed.

SKAP1 Expression in Cancer Cells Enhances Colon Tumor Growth and Impairs Cytotoxic Immunity by Promoting Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation via the NFATc1/CXCL8 Axis.

The mechanisms underlying the development and progression of colon cancer are not fully understood. Herein, Src kinase associated phosphoprotein 1 (SKAP1), an immune cell adaptor, is identified as a novel colon cancer-related gene. SKAP1 expression is significantly increased in colon cancer cells.

Cobalt nanoparticles attenuate microplastic-induced vascular endothelial injury via Nrf2 pathway activation.

The widespread utilization of plastic and cobalt alloy products in industries and medicine has led to the increased presence of their degradation byproducts, microplastics (MPs), and cobalt nanoparticles (Co NPs), in the environment and organisms. While these particles can circulate throughout the body via the circulatory system, their specific adverse effects and mechanisms on the vascular system remain unclear. Employing scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis and other methodologies, we demonstrate the potential adsorption and aggregation phenomena between MPs and Co NPs.

Single-image super-resolution reconstruction based on phase-aware visual multi-layer perceptron (MLP).

Many advanced super-resolution reconstruction methods have been proposed recently, but they often require high computational and memory resources, making them incompatible with low-power devices in reality. To address this problem, we propose a simple yet efficient super-resolution reconstruction method using waveform representation and multi-layer perceptron (MLP) for image processing. Firstly, we partition the original image and its down-sampled version into multiple patches and introduce WaveBlock to process these patches.

Optimization of fermentation parameters to improve the biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles by Bacillus licheniformis F1 and its comprehensive application.

Background: Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are increasingly gaining attention due to its characteristics of low toxicity, high activity, and stability. Additionally, Bacillus licheniformis, as a probiotic, has achieved remarkable research outcomes in diverse fields such as medicine, feed processing, and pesticides, attracting widespread attention. Consequently, evaluating the activity of probiotics and SeNPs is paramount.

Acute limbic system connectivity predicts chronic cognitive function in mild traumatic brain injury: An individualized differential structural covariance network study.

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a known risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, yet the precise pathophysiological mechanisms remain poorly understand, often obscured by group-level analysis in non-invasive neuroimaging studies. Individual-based method is critical to exploring heterogeneity in mTBI. We recruited 80 mTBI patients and 40 matched healthy controls, obtaining high-resolution structural MRI for constructing Individual Differential Structural Covariance Networks (IDSCN).

Effect of Different Selenium Species on Indole-3-Acetic Acid Activity of Selenium Nanoparticles Producing Strain LH18.

Acting as a growth regulator, Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is an important phytohormone that can be produced by several species. However, few studies have been published on the comprehensive evaluation of the strains for practical applications and the effects of selenium species on their IAA-producing ability. The present study showed the selenite reduction strain LH18, which is capable of producing selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) at a high yield in a cost-effective manner.

Preoperative diffusion tensor imaging: Fiber-trajectory-distribution-based tractography to identify facial nerve in vestibular schwannoma.

Purpose: Tractography of the facial nerve based on diffusion MRI is instrumental before surgery for the resection of vestibular schwannoma, but no excellent methods usable for the suppression of motion and image noise have been proposed. The aim of this study was to effectively suppress noise and provide accurate facial nerve reconstruction by extend a fiber trajectory distribution function based on the fourth-order streamline differential equations.

Methods: Preoperative MRI from 33 patients with vestibular schwannoma who underwent surgical resection were utilized in this study.