Brain near-infrared study of upstairs movement after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Objective: After anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), patients undergo specific changes in body and specific brain functions, which stem from neuroplasticity. In this study, we employed functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to investigate the characteristics of brain activation in patients after ACLR during a repetitive upstairs task, and compared them with healthy individuals. We aimed to provide a new theoretical basis for the changes in brain function after ACLR and neurorehabilitation of sports injuries.

Characterization of local white matter microstructural alterations in Alzheimer's disease: A reproducible study.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a close association with microstructural alterations in white matter (WM). Current studies lack the characterization and further validation of specific regions in WM fiber tracts in AD. This study subdivided fiber tracts into multiple fiber clusters on the basis of automated fiber clustering and performed quantitative analysis along the fiber clusters to identify local WM microstructural alterations in AD.

Preoperative diffusion tensor imaging: Fiber-trajectory-distribution-based tractography to identify facial nerve in vestibular schwannoma.

Purpose: Tractography of the facial nerve based on diffusion MRI is instrumental before surgery for the resection of vestibular schwannoma, but no excellent methods usable for the suppression of motion and image noise have been proposed. The aim of this study was to effectively suppress noise and provide accurate facial nerve reconstruction by extend a fiber trajectory distribution function based on the fourth-order streamline differential equations.

Methods: Preoperative MRI from 33 patients with vestibular schwannoma who underwent surgical resection were utilized in this study.

Investigation into white matter microstructure differences in visual training by using an automated fiber tract subclassification segmentation quantification method.

Visual training has emerged as a useful framework for investigating training-related brain plasticity, a highly complex task involving the interaction of visual orientation, attention, reasoning, and cognitive functions. However, the effects of long-term visual training on microstructural changes within white matter (WM) is poorly understood. Therefore, a set of visual training programs was designed, and automated fiber tract subclassification segmentation quantification based on diffusion magnetic resonance imaging was performed to obtain the anatomical changes in the brains of visual trainees.

GlideScope versus C-MAC D-blade videolaryngoscope for double-lumen tube intubation in patients with anticipated difficult airways: A multi-center, prospective, randomized, controlled trial.

Study Objective: Videolaryngoscopes are widely used to visualize difficult airways. Our aim was to compare the GlideScope and C-MAC D-blade videolaryngoscopes for double-lumen tube (DLT) intubation in patients with difficult airways.

Design: A multi-center, prospective, randomized controlled trial.

CNTSeg: A multimodal deep-learning-based network for cranial nerves tract segmentation.

The segmentation of cranial nerves (CNs) tracts based on diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) provides a valuable quantitative tool for the analysis of the morphology and course of individual CNs. Tractography-based approaches can describe and analyze the anatomical area of CNs by selecting the reference streamlines in combination with ROIs-based (regions-of-interests) or clustering-based. However, due to the slender structure of CNs and the complex anatomical environment, single-modality data based on dMRI cannot provide a complete and accurate description, resulting in low accuracy or even failure of current algorithms in performing individualized CNs segmentation.

Study on the Evaluation of Lung Cancer Patients from the Three Aspects of Emotion.

In recent years, epidemiological survey data have shown that lung cancer is the tumor with the fastest increase in cancer incidence and mortality in China. The incidence and mortality of lung cancer in China rank first among tumors, and 80% of patients die within one year of diagnosis. This paper aims to study the evaluation of lung cancer patients from three aspects of emotion, coping style, and Quality of Life (QoL), expounding on the changes in emotion, coping style, and QoL in lung cancer patients after chemotherapy.

Mapping brain-wide excitatory projectome of primate prefrontal cortex at submicron resolution and comparison with diffusion tractography.

Resolving trajectories of axonal pathways in the primate prefrontal cortex remains crucial to gain insights into higher-order processes of cognition and emotion, which requires a comprehensive map of axonal projections linking demarcated subdivisions of prefrontal cortex and the rest of brain. Here, we report a mesoscale excitatory projectome issued from the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) to the entire macaque brain by using viral-based genetic axonal tracing in tandem with high-throughput serial two-photon tomography, which demonstrated prominent monosynaptic projections to other prefrontal areas, temporal, limbic, and subcortical areas, relatively weak projections to parietal and insular regions but no projections directly to the occipital lobe. In a common 3D space, we quantitatively validated an atlas of diffusion tractography-derived vlPFC connections with correlative green fluorescent protein-labeled axonal tracing, and observed generally good agreement except a major difference in the posterior projections of inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus.

Three new flavonoid glycosides from Smilax glabra and their anti-inflammatory activity.

Three new flavonoid glycosides, 2(S)-5-hydroxy-6,8-dimethoxyflavonone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 5-hydroxy-3,8-dimethoxyflavone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) and 3,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone-6-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), together with five known flavonoids (4-8) were isolated from the roots of Smilax glabra Roxb. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectral evidence, as well as by comparison with literature data. Three new flavonoids were subjected to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity.

Six new furostanol glycosides from Smilax glauco-china and their cytotoxic activity.

Six new steroidal saponins, namely glauco-chinaosides A-F, and one known compound were isolated from the tubers of Smilax glauco-china. Their structures were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic analysis and hydrolysis followed by spectral and chromatographic analysis. Compounds 1-7 were tested in vitro for their cytotoxic activities against four human tumor cell lines (SH-SY5Y, SGC-7901, HCT-116, and Lovo).

[Phenylpropanoid Constituents of Smilax trinervula].

Objective: To study the phenylpropanoid constituents of Smilax trinervula.

Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by macroporous adsorption resin chromatography, gel chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic analysis and comparison with literatures.

Research progress of bioactivity of steroidal saponins in recent ten years.

Steroidal saponins have a wide range of pharmacological effects and biological activities, such as anti-tumor, antifungal, hypoglycemic, immune regulation, insecticides, etc. In the last ten years, some new structures of steroidal saponins compounds were found from natural plants, they have some new and different activities. In order to accelerate the research on the drug innovation of steroidal saponins, we summarized the new progress of the research on such compounds.