Redox compartmentalization drives functional heterogeneity of mature insulin secretory vesicles in pancreatic β-cells.

Pancreatic β-cell function requires precise regulation of insulin secretory vesicles (ISVs), yet the redox heterogeneity within mature ISVs remains poorly defined. Here, we implement a novel oxidation-sensing system using NPY-fused DsRed1-E5 (Timer) targeted to mature ISVs in INS-1E and human Endoc-βH5 β-cell models. Leveraging Timer's oxidative color transition from green (Low-oxidative) to yellow-red (High-oxidative), supported by independent measurements using the established redox sensor Grx1-roGFP2, we resolve distinct ISV subpopulations.

Single-dose GC101 gene therapy for spinal muscular atrophy types II and III: an open-label single-arm study.

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Robot-assisted pedicled colonic flap pyeloplasty for the treatment of complicated ureteropelvic junction obstruction: technique and outcomes from a single center.

Background: The treatment of complicated ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is challenging. We introduce robot-assisted pedicled colonic flap pyeloplasty (RA-PCFP) for the treatment of complicated UPJO.

Methods: Fourteen patients (eleven females, three males) who underwent RA-PCFP between December 2020 and November 2023 at our center were included.

AAV9-Mediated Gene Therapy for Infantile-Onset Pompe's Disease.

Four patients with infantile-onset Pompe's disease received a single intravenous injection of an adeno-associated virus serotype 9 vector carrying codon-optimized complementary DNA encoding human acid α-glucosidase (GAA) (dose, 1.2 × 10 vector genomes per kilogram of body weight). One patient was withdrawn from the study and subsequently died.

Ultrasonic cavitation treatment of o-cresol wastewater and long-term pilot-scale study.

Acoustic cavitation is a cutting-edge and eco-friendly advanced oxidation technology with significant efficacy in removing organic pollutants from water. Despite its potential, research on the degradation of o-cresol, a common and challenging phenolic pollutant, is limited. This study systematically investigates the optimal conditions for degrading o-cresol via acoustic cavitation and evaluates its application potential through extensive pilot tests.

Treatment of high concentration phenol wastewater by low-frequency ultrasonic cavitation and long-term pilot scale study.

Acoustic cavitation is an advanced, eco-friendly oxidation technology effective in removing organic pollutants from water. However, research on its use for degrading phenol, a common and challenging phenolic pollutant, is limited. This study explores the optimal conditions for phenol degradation using acoustic cavitation and assesses its practical application through extensive pilot tests.

Influence of ongoing discharge from multiple wastewater treatment plants on microplastic patterns in small-scale receiving rivers.

As widely acknowledged, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) stand as significant contributors to the presence of microplastics in surface water. Nonetheless, there exists a notable research gap regarding the extent of potential pollution resulting from the concurrent and uninterrupted discharges originating from multiple WWTPs into small-scale receiving water bodies. This study endeavors to address this knowledge deficit by conducting a thorough investigation into the prevalence of microplastics in surface water.

Development of capability lists for neonatal critical care at three levels in China: a modified Delphi study.

Background: The standardised management of neonatal critical care centres can help improve health outcomes of vulnerable newborns. Guidance is required to update evidence related to construction and management of neonatal critical care centres in China.

Objective: To establish expert consensus on the essential capability lists for neonatal critical care at three levels in China.

How does early-life famine experience influence household energy transition?

The transition of households towards cleaner energy is crucial for achieving sustainable development goals. However, the impacts and associated mechanisms of early-life experiences on household energy transition have not been considered. Based on data from the 2015 Chinese General Social Survey, this study aimed to investigate whether people experiencing China's Great Famine (1959-1961) in their early life promoted household energy transition in adulthood.

candidaemia in premature infants: a retrospective single-centre study.

This retrospective study was conducted in a neonatal intensive care unit in Beijing. Patients whose blood culture yielded during hospitalisation from January 2009 to December 2017 were enrolled. Thirteen preterm infants of median gestational age 29.

Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous boosting with orally aerosolised or intramuscular Ad5-nCoV vaccine and homologous boosting with inactivated vaccines (BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac) in children and adolescents: a randomised, open-label, parallel-controlled, non-inferiority, single-centre study.

Background: Heterologous booster immunisation with orally administered aerosolised Ad5-nCoV vaccine (AAd5) has been shown to be safe and highly immunogenic in adults. Here, we aimed to assess the safety and immunogenicity of heterologous booster immunisation with orally administered AAd5 in children and adolescents aged 6-17 years who had received two doses of inactivated vaccine (BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac).

Methods: We did a randomised, open-label, parallel-controlled, non-inferiority study to assess the safety and immunogenicity of heterologous booster immunisation with AAd5 (0·1 mL) or intramuscular Ad5-nCoV vaccine (IMAd5; 0·3 mL) and homologous booster immunisation with inactivated vaccine (BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac; 0·5 mL) in children (aged 6-12 years) and adolescents (aged 13-17 years) who had received two doses of inactivated vaccine at least 3 months earlier in Hunan, China.

Jiangchuanmycin, a New Pyrrolizidine Analog from Streptomyces sp. YIM S01863.

Jiangchuanmycin (1), a new indole containing pyrrolizidine, and six known peptides (2-7) were obtained from the fermentation broth of a Streptomyces isolate collected from a sediment sample of Xingyun Lake, Jiangchuan, China. Their structures were elucidated on the detailed analysis of the HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR, ECD, and X-ray crystallographic data. Jiangchuanmycin (1) presented weak inhibitory effects on cell lines of H1299, MHCC97H, HCT116 with the IC values of 97.

GPR109A controls neutrophil extracellular traps formation and improve early sepsis by regulating ROS/PAD4/Cit-H3 signal axis.

Background: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is the key means for neutrophils to resist bacterial invasion. Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by infection.

Methods: In our study, qRT-PCR was used to detect the gene expression in neutrophils, Western blot was used to detect the protein expression in mouse tissues and neutrophils, flow cytometry was used to detect the purity of neutrophils in the whole blood and immunofluorescence was used to detect the NETs formation.

Orally Administered Ginkgolide C Attenuates DSS-Induced Colitis by Maintaining Gut Barrier Integrity, Inhibiting Inflammatory Responses, and Regulating Intestinal Flora.

Ulcerative colitis (UC), one of the foremost common forms of inflammatory bowel disease, poses a serious threat to human health. Currently, safe and effective treatments are not available. This study investigated the protective effect of ginkgolide C (GC), a terpene lactone extracted from leaves, on UC and its underlying mechanism.

Microbiome-metabolome analysis reveals alterations in the composition and metabolism of caecal microbiota and metabolites with dietary Enteromorpha polysaccharide and Yeast glycoprotein in chickens.

The intestinal microbiome is responsible for the fermentation of complex carbohydrates and orchestrates the immune system through gut microbiota-derived metabolites. In our previous study, we reported that supplementation of polysaccharide (EP) and yeast glycoprotein (YG) in combination synergistically improved antioxidant activities, serum lipid profile, and fatty acid metabolism in chicken. However, the mechanism of action of these polysaccharides remains elusive.

Enteromorpha polysaccharide and yeast glycoprotein mixture improves growth, antioxidant activity, serum lipid profile and regulates lipid metabolism in broiler chickens.

This study aimed to analyze the growth performance, antioxidant activity, serum lipid profile, meat quality, and lipid metabolism of broiler chickens fed mixtures containing Enteromorpha polysaccharide (EP) and yeast glycoprotein (YG). A total of 400 one-day-old broiler chickens were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups of 10 replicates with 10 birds each replicate. The dietary treatments consisted of the control group (fed basal diet), and diets supplemented with Enteromorpha polysaccharide (EP; 400 mg/kg), yeast glycoprotein (YG;400 mg/kg), and EP+YG (200 mg/kg EP + 200 mg/kg YG).

Latency period of PROM at term and the risk of neonatal infectious diseases.

To find the risk of time thresholds of PROM for infectious diseases of term neonates. A multi-center prospective cohort study including pregnancies with PROM at term with a single fetus were conducted. Time thresholds of the duration from PROM to delivery were examined in 2-h increments to assess the rates of infectious neonatal diseases.

Predicting risk of severe neonatal outcomes in preterm infants born from mother with prelabor rupture of membranes.

Background: Perinatal complications are common burdens for neonates born from mother with pPROM. Physicians and parents sometimes need to make critical decisions about neonatal care with short- and long-term implications on infant's health and families and it is important to predict severe neonatal outcomes with high accuracy.

Methods: The study was based on our prospective study on 1001 preterm infants born from mother with pPROM from August 1, 2017, to March 31, 2018 in three hospitals in China.

Dietary Polysaccharide Enhances Intestinal Immune Response, Integrity, and Caecal Microbial Activity of Broiler Chickens.

Marine algae polysaccharides have been shown to regulate various biological activities, such as immune modulation, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and hypolipidemic. However, litter is known about the interaction of these polysaccharides with the gut microbiota. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of marine algae polysaccharide (EP) supplementation on growth performance, immune response, and caecal microbiota of broiler chickens.

Silencing GS Homeobox 2 Alleviates Gemcitabine Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer Cells by Activating SHH/GLI1 Signaling Pathway.

Sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway and glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (GLI1) play important roles in the initiation and progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). GS homeobox 2 (GSX2, formerly GSH2) is a downstream target of SHH signaling, but its role in pancreatic cancer remains unclear. This study evaluates the role of GSH2 in the development and drug resistance of pancreatic cancer.

The correlation between prelabour rupture of the membranes and neonatal infectious diseases, and the evaluation of guideline implementation in China: a multi-centre prospective cohort study.

Background: The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of prelabour rupture of membranes (PROM) in China and to assess the association between clinical practice following the guidelines and early neonatal infections.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of 15926 deliveries in ShenZhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital, Xibei Women's and Children's Hospital and Chengdu Women's and Children's Hospital between August 1, 2017, to March 31, 2018. Clinical data were collected for each participant.

Uncover the Nuclear Proteomic Landscape with Enriched Nuclei Followed by Label-Free Quantitative Mass Spectrometry.

Treated with light pulse or under certain diurnal conditions, photoreceptors can translocate into nucleus followed by conformation change. Many critical components of light signaling pathways also majorly function in nucleus. Hence, it is beneficial to establish a combined method to uncover and compare the nuclear proteomic landscape among the mutants of light signaling components.

Downregulation of GSTM2 enhances gemcitabine chemosensitivity of pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo.

Glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) not only show cytoprotective role and their involvement in the development of anticancer drug resistance, but also transmit signals that control cell proliferation and apoptosis. However, the role of GST isoforms in chemotherapy resistance remains elusive in pancreatic cancer. Here, we demonstrated that gemcitabine treatment increased the GSTM2 expression in pancreatic cancer cell lines.