The relationship between individual differences and Spanish achievement among Chinese undergraduate students.

This study investigates how three individual differences (language anxiety, Expectancy-Value Motivation, and social identity) predict academic performance in Spanish as a foreign language among a sample of 317 Chinese undergraduate students majoring in Hispanic Philology. A designed questionnaire was used to collect all the data from the participants. The results demonstrated that while Chinese learners of Spanish generally possess a high level of value motivation, especially utility value, they showcase a medium level of expectancy.

Optimization of ultrasound pretreatment combined with solvent-free microwave for extracting volatile oil from Atractylodes lancea and its chemical composition and antimicrobial activity.

As a traditional method of volatile oil extraction, hydrodistillation (HD) method is energy-intensive and time-consuming. In the context of environmental pollution, excessive energy consumption, and increasing climate warming, a new extraction method-ultrasound pretreatment combined with solvent-free microwave extraction (UP-SFME)-has been adopted for the extraction of volatile oil from Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC.

A Widely Tunable Spin-Orbit Torque Device through the Silicon Compatible CMOS Platform.

Analogous to the manipulation of electrons in field-effect transistors, achieving the voltage-controlled spin-orbit torque and spin current will become indispensable to next-generation spintronic devices, enabling nonvolatile cache memory, spin logic, and other advanced functionalities. Recently, considerable progress has been realized in the electric field control of spin-orbit torques. Due to the limitations of integration and operating voltage, the practical use of voltage-controlled MRAM is still challenging.

Exposure to heavy metals from Chaohu Lake impairs motor ability and reproductive fitness in Drosophila.

Chaohu Lake, a vital freshwater resource for surrounding communities, faces environmental stress due to industrial and mining activities, leading to metal contamination. However, the potential ecotoxicological effects of these metals remain unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we analyzed spatial metal distributions in the lake and developed a Drosophila model exposed to region-specific raw water samples.

Ribitol treatment rescues dystroglycanopathy mice with common L276I mutation.

Matriglycan of alpha dystroglycan (α-DG) serves as a receptor for extracellular matrix proteins. Hypoglycosylation of α-DG underlies specific types of muscular dystrophy, dystroglycanopathy. Fukutin Related Protein (FKRP) gene encodes a glycosyltransferase that adds ribitol-5-phosphate to the core glycan of α-DG and enables the synthesis of matriglycan.

Organic carbon released from tire chips enhances pyrite particle-based autotrophic denitrification of water.

The incorporation of organic matter may enhance the efficacy of mixed-nutrient denitrification. In this study, we explored the effects of waste tire chips on the autotrophic denitrification of pyrite. The synergy between organic carbon and sulfur in mixed-nutrient denitrification resulted in exceptional efficiency.

[Analysis of the effect and safety of autologous blood reinfusion during venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation weaning under controlled rotational speed].

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of autologous blood transfusion during weaning from venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) under controlled rotational speed.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted, selecting patients who underwent extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and successfully weaned at the emergency and critical care medicine center of Henan Provincial Third People's Hospital from January 2023 to May 2024. General data including gender, age, body mass index (BMI), European system for cardiac operative risk evaluation (EuroScore), and disease types were collected.

The Association Between Sensory Impairment and Cognitive Impairment Among Older Adults: Insights From a National Cohort Study in China.

Objectives: Cognitive impairment and sensory impairment are highly prevalent in older adults, but the relationship between the two remains inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between visual impairment (VI), hearing impairment (HI), dual sensory impairment (DSI), and the onset of cognitive impairment among Chinese older adults.

Methods: Data were obtained from the 2011-2018 China Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) cohort.

Microfluidic magnetic solid-phase extraction of acetamiprid using dynamically manipulated apta-magnetic sorbents for chromatographic analysis.

This study presents a novel microfluidic magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) platform for acetamiprid analysis, integrating dynamically manipulated aptamer-functionalized magnetic (apta-magnetic) sorbents with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The apta-magnetic sorbents are dynamically manipulated within a serpentine microchannel to induce chaotic advection, enhancing mixing and accelerating target capture. Directional immobilization of aptamers on streptavidin-coated magnetic beads (SAMBs) via Strep-tag II ensures mild elution with D-desthiobiotin, eliminating the need for toxic organic solvents.

Transposed N-heterocyclic olefins from the reaction of Eschenmoser hydrazones with N-heterocyclic carbenes.

N-heterocyclic olefins (NHOs) are strongly polarized basic and nucleophilic alkenes that have found new roles as catalysts or ligands for transition metals and main group species. NHOs are also important intermediates in organocatalytic cycles implicating the umpolung of Michael acceptors by N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs). Though NHOs are most often prepared by the deprotonation of alkylazolium salts or the alkylation of NHCs, the reaction of NHCs with Eschenmoser hydrazones provides a new approach to obtain NHOs.

Conversion of methane to C liquid oxygenates by Ru atom arrays.

The efficient conversion of methane to valuable C liquid oxygenates still remains silent. Here we show a new catalytic system of C-C coupling towards the C liquid oxygenates with high selectivity and productivity by the selective anchoring zero-valent ruthenium atoms from individual ones to two and three atoms in the electron-rich 18-carbon cavity of graphdiyne. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that Ru-GDY supplies neighboring robust active sites to promote efficient C-C coupling to C liquid oxygenates, due to the p-d coupling resonance that guarantees the distributed charge among Ru sites resulting in active region to accelerate the methane oxidation.

Adherence to the EAT-Lancet reference diet and risk of type 2 diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and their co-occurrence.

: The EAT-Lancet Commission proposed a healthy dietary pattern to prevent diet-related diseases while promoting planetary sustainability, but little is known regarding its associations with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), both of which are highly prevalent and frequently co-exist. We aimed to assess association of this diet with risk of T2D, MASLD, and their co-occurrence. : This study included 170 811 UK Biobank participants (prospective design) and 212 Chinese biopsy-proven MASLD patients (cross-sectional design).

TRPV1 signaling in skeletal muscle: A mini review of physiological and pathological roles.

Transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) is a non-selective cation channel that is mainly sensitive to stimuli such as high temperature, acidic environment, and capsaicin. Studies have reported that TRPV1 is expressed in skeletal muscle tissues and is involved in the regulation of a variety of physiological and pathological processes in skeletal muscle, but its regulatory mechanisms have not been analyzed and discussed. For this reason, we summarized the role of TRPV1 in skeletal muscle function and the mechanism of its influence on skeletal muscle-related physiopathological changes, such as myotube formation, inflammation, autophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, and energy metabolism, which provides a theoretical basis and therapeutic target for understanding TRPV1 regulation of skeletal muscle-related diseases.

The Barriers to Nurses with Prescriptive Authority in Exercising Their Prescriptive Role: A Systematic Review and Thematic Synthesis of Qualitative Studies.

This systematic review investigates the barriers experienced by nurses with prescriptive authority and their required supports to strengthen and sustain nurse prescribing. Empirical qualitative studies indexed in Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and ProQuest from inception through 31 December 2023 were screened, yielding 27 eligible articles. Data were synthesized with Thomas and Harden's three-stage inductive approach which included: line-by-line coding, construction of descriptive themes, and generation of analytical themes.

Digitally enhanced ketogenic diet versus low-fat diet for cardio-renal-metabolic health in a predominantly Hispanic adult population with overweight or obesity: Pilot randomised clinical trial.

Aims: Individuals respond differently to diets for weight loss and cardio-renal-metabolic health. Advances in digital health and metabolomics hold promise for personalised lifestyle interventions. The study evaluated the feasibility and the preliminary efficacy of a digitally enhanced ketogenic diet compared with a low-fat diet, and explored the potential to use metabolites to guide personalised lifestyle interventions via digital health tools.

Glucuronolactone improves lung injury caused by PRRSV and DON co-challenge by enhancing the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant capacity in weaning piglets.

In the pig industry, both deoxynivalenol (DON) challenge and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection can negatively impact the growth performance of pigs, thereby impairing the healthy development of the industry. Glucuronolactone (GLU) has been shown to be a potent antioxidant that helps alleviate oxidative stress. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of GLU on oxidative stress and lung injury induced by co-challenge with PRRSV and DON.

Pan-cancer Analyses Refine the Single-Cell Portrait of Tumor-Infiltrating Dendritic Cells.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are pivotal orchestrators of anti-tumor immunity. DC-based anti-tumor treatments are being actively developed, but effective clinical responses have not yet been achieved. Further exploration of DC heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and across cancer types could provide insights for developing DC-based immunotherapies.

SLC4A11 is a targetable marker correlated with therapeutic responses in ovarian cancer.

Background: Solute carrier family 4 member 11 (SLC4A11) is involved in borate homeostasis, metabolism reprogramming, cell growth, and cell adhesion. However, the biological function of SLC4A11 in ovarian cancer (OC) is still unclear. This study explores the anti-tumor and biological activities of SLC4A11 in OC.

Effects of Hypoglycemic Agents on The Musculoskeletal System: A Comprehensive Review.

Human life expectancy increases with social development, which poses problems related to rapid population ageing. As a common disease among the elderly, the prevention and control of diabetes is an ongoing challenge. Diabetes is associated with decreased bone mineral density, increased incidence of fractures, and decreased muscle strength.

In Vivo Evaluation of Dystrophin Exon Skipping in mdx Mice.

Exon skipping of dystrophin in mdx mice has been the key model for the development of antisense therapy in vivo. Evaluation of exon skipping in this model involves the following two aspects: (1) efficiency and accuracy of exon skipping and levels of dystrophin expression determined by RT-PCR, immunochemistry and western blotting; (2) therapeutic effects on muscle pathology and functions assessed by histology and functional assays including grip strength measurement, treadmill exhaustion test, plethysmography for respiratory functional analysis and echocardiogram and hemodynamics for cardiac functions. Here we describe some key consideration and the essential methodologies in detail for exon skipping in mdx mice.

Efficient expression of a novel -amylase for reduction of tobacco starch and smoke hazard.

The combustion of excessive starch in tobacco leaves leads to more harmful substances, adversely affecting the sensory properties of tobacco and posing significant risks to human health. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop specific amylases targeting tobacco starch to address these issues. In this study, 5 different -amylase genes were selected for recombinant expression in BAX-5, and the (derived from MK10163) was confirmed to be the optimal gene.

Engineered platelet-derived exosomal spheres for enhanced tumor penetration and extended circulation in melanoma immunotherapy.

Cells and exosomes derived from them are extensively used as biological carrier systems. Cells demonstrate superior targeting specificity and prolonged circulation facilitated by their rich array of surface proteins, while exosomes, due to their small size, cross barriers and penetrate tumors efficiently. However, challenges remain, cells' large size restricts tissue penetration, and exosomes have limited targeting accuracy and short circulation times.

Electroacupuncture for treating depression-related insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Depression is a major mental disorder worldwide, affecting over 264 million people. Approximately 50% of individuals with depression also experience insomnia. The treatment of depression may be complicated by comorbid insomnia.

Agreeing a set of biopsychosocial variables for collection across the UK Eating Disorders Clinical Research Network: a consensus study using adapted nominal group technique.

Background: Eating disorders are serious psychiatric disorders associated with high levels of co-occurring physical and mental health conditions and poor treatment outcomes. The collection of standardised, routinely collected data within clinical services holds promise to improve patient care.

Objective: To agree on a set of biopsychosocial variables for routine data collection within eating disorder services in the UK.

From omics to AI-mapping the pathogenic pathways in type 2 diabetes.

Understanding the biochemical pathways and interorgan cross talk underlying type 2 diabetes (T2D) is essential for elucidating its pathophysiology. These pathways provide a mechanistic framework linking molecular dysfunction to clinical phenotypes, enabling patient stratification based on dominant metabolic disturbances. Advances in multi-omics, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, microbiomics, and metabolomics, offer a systems-level view connecting genetic variants and regulatory elements to disease traits.