Erythrabyssin ll is identified as a late-stage autophagy inhibitor reversing chemoresistance and promoting apoptosis in ovarian cancer.

A growing body of research suggests that inhibition of autophagy may be a novel means of treating cancer and suppressing drug resistance. Therefore, a series of drugs derived from the Linn were screened in this study. Among them, the pterocarpan erythrabyssin II (EL-19) is a potent late-stage autophagy inhibitor, which could effectively block the fusion of autophagosome and lysosome, leading to the accumulation of autophagic substrates in both ovarian cancer A2780 and A2780/DDP cells.

Focusing on the interplay between tumor-associated macrophages and tumor microenvironment: from mechanism to intervention.

Immunotherapy has generated promising outcomes in cancer treatment; however, therapeutic responses are hampered by immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This has resulted in increased study of key immune cells in the TME as therapeutic interventions. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), a major component of infiltrating immune cells in the TME, display high plasticity, largely dependent on cues received from their surroundings.

Identification of antibiotic occurrence patterns in a human-influenced river system through dissolved organic matter analysis.

Recognizing the patterns of antibiotic occurrence in river systems is of vital importance for effectively managing antibiotic pollution and reducing risks to aquatic environments. This study investigates the occurrence patterns, sources, and environmental risks of 45 antibiotics belonging to four major classes: quinolones, macrolides, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines in an urban river system (the Xiaoqing River), including its mainstream, tributaries, and downstream sewage treatment plants (STPs). Fluorescence indices of dissolved organic matter (DOM)-humification index (HIX), ultraviolet/visible fulvic acid ratio (r(C2,C1)), and protein/fulvic acid ratio (r(C3,C2))-were analyzed to trace antibiotic sources and dynamics.

SREBP-2 promotes cancer progression through the mevalonate-Akt pathway in non-small cell lung cancer.

Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 (SREBP-2) is a transcriptional factor, which mainly regulates cholesterogenesis-associated genes. The metabolism of cholesterol was found to be abnormal in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the clinical relevance of SREBP-2 in NSCLC has yet to be elucidated.

Cost-utility analysis of osimertinib and dacomitinib in the first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutation.

Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of osimertinib compared to dacomitinib for advanced non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutation from the perspective of China's health system.

Methods: Based on the FLAURA clinical trial and network meta-analysis, a partitioned survival model was constructed with a model simulation timeframe of 10 years and a 3-week cycle. Cost and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were used as model output indicators, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was calculated to determine the economic feasibility of osimertinib compared to dacomitinib through cost-utility analysis.

Assessment of left ventricular systolic function using pressure-strain loops in offspring of women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases the risk of cardiovascular abnormalities in offspring. The objective of this study is to assess changes in left ventricular myocardial work using the left ventricular pressure-strain loop (LVPSL) method in neonates born to mothers with GDM. The aim of the research is to examine early impairments in neonatal left ventricular systolic function and to investigate whether these impairments persist over time.

Synchronous Sterilization and Immunoreaction Termination for Corneal Transparency Protection in Treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa Induced Bacterial Keratitis.

In the treatment of infectious keratitis, therapeutic strategies often prioritize enhancing bactericidal efficacy. However, endotoxins released from Gram-negative bacteria cause inflammatory reaction, leading to corneal structural damage and scar formation. Given that polymyxin B (PMB) can bind and neutralize lipopolysaccharide (LPS), this study employs large-pore mesoporous silica nanoparticles (lMSNs) grafted with PMB as carriers for cationic antibacterial carbon quantum dots (CQDs) to prepare CQD@lMSN-PMB, which enables synchronous sterilization and endotoxin neutralization.

Effects of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on microbial communities, CO emissions, and organic carbon content in soil.

This study examined the effects of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer application on CO emissions, microbial communities, and soil organic carbon (SOC) in irrigated wheat fields through a 3-year field experiment. Eight treatment groups were established for this study: (1) CK, without fertilizer or biochar, (2) N1 group, with nitrogen fertilizer application (300 kg/ha), (3) B group, with biochar application (20 t/ha), (4) BN1 group, with nitrogen fertilizer and biochar application, (5) N2, with a 15% reduction in nitrogen fertilizer (255 kg/ha), (6) BN2, with a 15% reduction in nitrogen fertilizer + biochar. (7) N3, with a 30% reduction in nitrogen fertilizer (210 kg/ha); and (8) BN3, with a 30% reduction in nitrogen fertilizer + biochar.

Methylprednisolone substituted lipid nanoparticles deliver C3 transferase mRNA for combined treatment of spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI), characterized by the disruption of neural pathways and an increase in inflammatory cell infiltration, leads to profound and lasting neurological deficits, with a high risk of resulting in permanent disability. Currently, the therapeutic landscape for SCI is notably sparse, with limited effective treatment options available. Methylprednisolone (MP), a widely used clinical anti-inflammatory agent for SCI, requires administration in high doses that are associated with significant adverse effects.

Combining Network Pharmacology and Transcriptomic Strategies to Explore the Pharmacological Mechanism of Total Ginsenoside Ginseng Root and Its Impact on Antidepressant Effects.

Depression is one of the most common neurological diseases, which imposes a substantial social and economic burden on modern society. The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism of total ginsenoside ginseng root (TGGR) in the treatment of depression through a comprehensive strategy combining network pharmacology, transcriptomics, and in vivo experimental validation. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharmacology (TCMSP) database and literature were used to collect the main components and targets of TGGR.

Paeoniflorin Inhibits the Activation of Microglia and Alleviates Depressive Behavior by Regulating SIRT1-NF-kB-NLRP3/Pyroptosis Pathway.

Inflammation assumes a vital role in the pathogenesis of depression and in antidepressant treatment. Paeoniflorin (PF), a monoterpene glycoside analog possessing anti-inflammatory attributes, exhibits therapeutic efficacy on depression-like behavior in mice. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antidepressant effects of PF on depression elicited by the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model and the precise neural sequence associated with the inflammatory process.

Improved diagnostic efficiency of CRC subgroups revealed using machine learning based on intestinal microbes.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer that causes millions of deaths worldwide each year. At present, numerous studies have confirmed that intestinal microbes play a crucial role in the process of CRC. Additionally, studies have shown that CRC can be divided into several consensus molecular subtypes (CMS) based on tumor gene expression, and CRC microbiomes have been reported related to CMS.

Network Pharmacology and Transcriptomics to Explore the Pharmacological Mechanisms of 20(S)-Protopanaxatriol in the Treatment of Depression.

Depression is one of the most common psychological disorders nowadays. Studies have shown that 20(S)-protopanaxatriol (PPT) can effectively improve depressive symptoms in mice. However, its mechanism needs to be further explored.

Paeoniflorin alleviates depression by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome via promoting mitochondrial autophagy.

Depression ranks among the most common neuropsychiatric disorders globally. Current studies examining the roles of inflammation and mitochondrial autophagy in the antidepressant efficacy of paeoniflorin (PF) are sparse. This study aimed to elucidate PF's antidepressant mechanism by promoting autophagy and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation using chronic unpredictable mild stimulation (CUMS)-induced C57BL/6 mouse models in vivo and corticosterone (CORT)-induced HT22 cell models in vitro.

Association of plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level with risk of stress urinary incontinence in women: a retrospective study.

Background: Studies have found that high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are linked to a variety of diseases. However, evidence for the relationship between stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and HDL-C remain limited.

Methods: 590 eligible women were enrolled.

A potent bioreducible ionizable lipid nanoparticle enables siRNA delivery for retinal neovascularization inhibition.

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is emerging as a promising treatment for retinal neovascularization due to its specific inhibition of the expression of target genes. However, the clinical translation of siRNA drugs is hindered by the efficiency and safety of delivery vectors. Here, we describe the properties of a new bioreducible ionizable lipid nanoparticle (LNP) 2N12H, which is based on a rationally designed novel ionizable lipid called 2N12B.

IGSF10 inhibits the metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma via the Spi-B/Integrin-β1 signaling pathway.

IGSF10, a protein that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily, is involved in regulating the early migration of neurons that produce gonadotropin-releasing hormone and performs a fundamental function in development. Our previous study confirmed that the mRNA expression level of IGSF10 may be a protective prognosis factor for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. However, the specific mechanisms of IGSF10 are still unclear.

Mechanisms of Bushenyiqi decoction in the treatment of asthma: an investigation based on network pharmacology with experimental validation.

The Bushenyiqi decoction (BYD), a contemporary prescription of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been observed to significantly ameliorate asthma symptoms in patients based on clinical observations. Although multi-component and multi-target characteristics are important attributes of BYD treatment, its pharmacological effect on asthma and the underlying mechanism of action remain unclear. Network pharmacology: the asthma-related genes were retrieved from the GeneCards and OMIM database.

Non-pharmacological interventions for preventing emergence delirium in children under general anesthesia: A scoping review.

Problem: The phenomenon of emergence delirium in pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia has garnered increasing attention in the academic community. While formal non-pharmaceutical interventions have demonstrated efficacy in mitigating this phenomenon, the diversity of intervention types and their varying degrees of effectiveness necessitate further discussion. A scoping review was conducted to identify and explicate the categorization, content elements, and outcomes measures of non-pharmacological interventions utilized to forestall the onset of emergence delirium in children undergoing general anesthesia.

Total paeony glycoside relieves neuroinflammation to exert antidepressant effect via the interplay between NLRP3 inflammasome, pyroptosis and autophagy.

Background: Depression is a common mental illness characterised by abnormal and depressed emotions. Total paeony glycoside (TPG) is a naturally active saponin extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Radix Paeoniae rubra. However, the antidepressant and neuroinflammatory effects of TPG have not been thoroughly studied.

Correlation Between Impaired Sensitivity to Thyroid Hormones and Serum Uric Acid in Female Patients With Obesity and After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Objective: An alterable risk factor for hyperuricemia is obesity. Additionally, obese people may have a moderate form of acquired resistance to thyroid hormones. Thyrotropin, thyroid hormones, and obesity all interact subtly.

Farnesoid X receptor promotes non-small cell lung cancer metastasis by activating Jak2/STAT3 signaling via transactivation of IL-6ST and IL-6 genes.

Metastasis accounts for the majority of cases of cancer recurrence and death in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) is a bile acid nuclear receptor that was recently found to be upregulated in NSCLC tissues. However, whether and how FXR regulates NSCLC metastasis remains unclear.

Ultrasound image-guided cancer gene therapy using iRGD dual-targeted magnetic cationic microbubbles.

The gene therapy attracted more and more attention for the tumor therapy. To obtain a safe gene therapy system, the new gene vectors beyond the virus were developed for a high gene therapy efficiency. The ultrasound mediated gene therapy was safer and the plasmid DNA could be delivered by the microbubbles and combined with the ultrasound to increase the gene transfection efficiency.

RanBP2/Nup358 Mediates Sumoylation of STAT1 and Antagonizes Interferon-α-Mediated Antiviral Innate Immunity.

Type I interferon (IFN-I)-induced signaling plays a critical role in host antiviral innate immune responses. Despite this, the mechanisms that regulate this signaling pathway have yet to be fully elucidated. The nucleoporin Ran Binding Protein 2 (RanBP2) (also known as Nucleoporin 358 KDa, Nup358) has been implicated in a number of cellular processes, including host innate immune signaling pathways, and is known to influence viral infection.