Mechanistic Study and Regulatory Effects of Chloride Ions on the B-Z Oscillating Reaction.

This work investigated the mechanistic role of chloride ions (Cl) in the Belousov-Zhabotinsky (B-Z) oscillating reaction. We conducted a multivariate statistical analysis of the B-Z response, established a quadratic polynomial regression model, and determined the contributions of the experimental parameters to the induction time. The results indicate that the relationship between the experimental parameters and the induction time is often nonmonotonic, exhibiting secondary dependence.

Radiomics-based prediction of T cell-inflamed gene expression profile and prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has a poor prognosis, and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors is variable. The T cell-inflamed gene expression profile (GEP) predicts immunotherapy efficacy but relies on invasive methods. Radiomics offers a noninvasive alternative for integrating imaging features with GEP in HNSCC.

Novel SLC26A4 variant in Pendred syndrome with non-classical inheritance: a case report.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical and diagnostic implications of identifying only a single heterozygous SLC26A4 variant in a patient with the full clinical phenotype of Pendred syndrome.

Methods: A 20‑year‑old woman with lifelong deaf‑mutism developed progressive retrosternal goitre with dysphagia and dyspnoea. Pure-tone audiometry demonstrated profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss.

Nickel-catalyzed sequential 1,2--migration/BCBs ring-opening to access spirocyclobutyl β-amino acid esters.

Hetero-atom migration strategy is a powerful tool to access complex molecules. Herein, we disclose a cascade radical 1,2--migration/ring-opening of -aryl bicyclobutyl amides (BCBs) with β-bromo α-amino acid esters by cooperative Ni/diboron catalysis, which afforded a wide array of spirocyclobutyl oxindoles tethering a β-amino acid motif under room temperature conditions. The method suppressed the typical intramolecular C(sp)-H cyclization of β-bromo amino acid esters after 1,2--migration, successfully incorporating β-amino acid moieties into the spirocyclobutyl oxindole scaffolds.

Asymmetric synthesis of β-amino acid derivatives by stereocontrolled C(sp)-C(sp) cross-electrophile coupling via radical 1,2-nitrogen migration.

Optically pure non-natural β-amino acids are noteworthy molecular motifs of numerous pharmaceutically important molecules. Skeletal editing of abundant α-amino acid scaffolds via tandem radical 1,2-N-shift/cross-coupling represents a powerful tool to straightforward assemble new β-amino acid molecules; however, this strategy presents substantial challenges owing to difficulties in reactivity and regio-/enantiocontrol. Herein, we report a cross-electrophile C(sp)-C(sp) coupling of β-bromo α-amino acid esters with aryl bromides via a π-system-independent 1,2-N-shift, which allows access to α-arylated β-amino acid motifs with high efficiency and regioselectivity.

[Genetic and clinical phenotypic analysis of Usher syndrome-associated gene variants].

To investigate the molecular characteristics and clinical heterogeneity of Usher syndrome（USH） -related gene variants in patients with hereditary hearing loss in southwest China, providing a basis for early diagnosis and clinical management. Thirteen patients from twelve families with hearing loss who attended the Affiliated Children's Hospital of Kunming Medical University between January 2017 and March 2021 were enrolled. All patients were identified as carrying USH-related gene variants through next-generation sequencing.

Global, regional, and national trends in dengue incidence, mortality, and disability burden among adults aged 70 years and above: An analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Dengue remains a significant public health threat, yet the disease burden among the elderly has remained poorly quantified. This study aims to analyse the spatiotemporal trends in the dengue burden among the elderly at global, regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: Data on the dengue burden were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study.

Association between alpha-1-acid glycoprotein and frailty in US females aged 20-49 years: analysis of NHANES data (2015-2023).

As a significant global health issue, frailty has important implications for clinical practice and public health. Systemic inflammation has been identified as an important mechanism influencing the development of frailty. However, the potential impact of the inflammatory marker alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) on frailty is unclear.

Impact of first-line antiretroviral therapy choice on adverse drug reactions in children with HIV infection: a retrospective cohort study in southwest China.

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is essential in managing children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, but is often complicated by adverse drug reactions (ADRs), which can significantly impact therapeutic outcomes. This study investigates ADRs in 375 children with HIV receiving zidovudine (AZT)- or abacavir (ABC)-based ART regimens, using Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression analyses to evaluate ADR incidences, and propensity score matching (PSM) to address confounders. We found ADRs occurred in 21.

Lapachol, a naphthoquinone identified through chemical screening, inhibits plant immunity.

Quinones, a ubiquitous class of organic compounds produced in all kingdoms of life, are recognized for their diverse biological functions. In plants, quinones are implicated in allelopathy, where they act as allelochemicals influencing the growth and development of neighboring plants, of which one well-documented role of quinone is in the induction of haustoria of parasitic plant roots. In this study, through an immune marker gene-based chemical biology screening, we identified Lapachol, a naphthoquinone originally isolated from species of the Bignoniaceae family.

Lipid droplets in plants: turnover and stress responses.

Lipid droplets (LDs) have emerged as dynamic organelles central to plant lipid metabolism, stress adaptation, and energy homeostasis. This review synthesizes recent advances in understanding LD biogenesis and degradation in plants, highlighting conserved and divergent mechanisms relative to other eukaryotes. LD formation originates in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where neutral lipids synthesized by diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGAT) and phospholipid: diacylglycerol acyltransferases (PDAT) accumulate into lens-like structures.

Outbreaks of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Influenza A Virus infection in Black Vultures (Coragyps atratus), USA, 2022.

Mortalities in Black Vultures (Coragyps atratus) caused by A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996 2.3.4.

Global analysis of membrane protein S-acylation in the model plant .

Protein S-acylation is the addition of fatty acids to the cysteine residues in a protein, catalyzed by protein S-acyltransferases (PATs). Despite extensive research on protein S-acylation in animals, our understanding of this process in plants remains limited. In this study, we sought to characterize the S-acylproteome of membrane proteins in and identify potential substrates for two important plant immunity-related PATs (PAT5 and PAT9).

SARS-CoV-2-Induced PAPOLG Contributes to Inflammation Response by Stabilizing NF-κB mRNA.

One of the unknowns related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is the mechanism underlying the inflammatory response induced by the virus. Poly(A) polymerase gamma (PAPOLG) was previously shown to be upregulated during SARS-CoV-2 infection. The present study explored how PAPOLG affects the inflammatory reaction triggered by SARS-CoV-2.

Isolation and characterization of Polaribacter sargassicola sp. nov. and Algibacter ulvanivorans sp. nov.: two novel species with ability to degrade algal polysaccharides.

The genera Polaribacter and Algibacter, which are members of the Bacteroidota family Flavobacteriaceae, are well known for their arsenal of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and specialized polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs). In this study, two aerobic, gram-negative, and rod-shaped bacterial strains, designated strains DS7-9 and PT7-4, were isolated from the surface of seaweed collected from the coastal zone of Fujian Province, China. The two strains exhibited broad tolerance ranges to salinity (0-4%), temperature (10-40 °C) and pH (5.

A 3-in-1 integrated automated platform for rapid CAR-T cell manufacturing: activation, transduction, and expansion in a hollow-fiber system.

Background Aims: Modifying a patient's own immune system to treat oncologic and autoimmune diseases using CAR-T therapy has become a major focus of research and clinical studies. While these therapies have immense capacity to treat and even cure diseases on a large scale, barriers such as complex manufacturing processes and long turnaround time impede widespread access. Traditional CAR-T manufacturing involves manual and open steps of activation and viral transduction before expansion, causing inefficiencies, inconsistencies, and extended timelines.

Decursin, Identified via High-Throughput Chemical Screening, Enhances Plant Disease Resistance via Two Independent Mechanisms.

In order to overcome the damage caused by phytopathogens, plants have evolved a complex defence system to protect themselves, such as the two-tiered innate immunity system. Chemical screening has led to the identification of plant immune-priming compounds, which facilitate the functional dissection of the plant immune system and contribute to chemical control for plant diseases. In this study, we identified decursin, a coumarin natural product, through high-throughput screening for activators of the expression of FLG22-INDUCED RECEPTOR KINASE 1 (FRK1).

Comparative analysis of adverse event profiles of lanreotide and octreotide in somatostatin-responsive endocrine and neoplastic diseases.

Lanreotide and Octreotide are used to treat various endocrine and neoplastic diseases. This study aims to compare the adverse event profiles of Lanreotide and Octreotide in somatostatin-responsive diseases using FAERS data. FAERS data from Q1 2004 to Q2 2024 were reviewed for AE reports related to Lanreotide and Octreotide.

Prognostic and therapeutic insights from lactate metabolism and tumor immune microenvironment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) exhibits a poor prognosis, particularly in advanced stages characterized by high recurrence and metastasis rates. This study investigates the role of lactate metabolism in HNSCC, aiming to develop a prognostic model to predict immunotherapy outcomes. Genomic and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases were analyzed, focusing on 233 lactate metabolism-related genes (LMGs).

Peripheral neuropathy associated with immunomodulatory drugs: a pharmacovigilance analysis based on the FDA adverse event reporting system database.

Background: Peripheral neuropathy requires early detection and intervention.

Aim: This study aimed to examine the association between immunomodulatory medications (IMiDs; thalidomide, lenalidomide, and pomalidomide) and peripheral neuropathy.

Method: OpenVigil 2.

E2F expression profiling-based subtypes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: clinical relevance, prognostic implications, and personalized therapy.

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a heterogeneous malignancy with poor prognosis. Dysregulation of E2F transcription factors (E2Fs), which control cell proliferation and apoptosis, is implicated in HNSCC pathogenesis. This study explores HNSCC molecular heterogeneity via E2Fs expression, identifies distinct subtypes, and develops a prognostic model that integrates gene expression, immune infiltration, and drug sensitivity.

A fluorescence probe-smartphone-machine learning integrated platform for the visual and intelligent detection of imidacloprid in agricultural products.

Imidacloprid is a pesticide commonly used in agriculture production. Portable and accurate detection of imidacloprid residues is of great significance to food safety and human health. Herein, a red-emitting rare earth complex (Eu-IMDC) probe is prepared, which features low detection limit (75 nM), high selectivity and fast response speed (30 s) for imidacloprid detection.

Exploring the Relationship Between Ethical Leadership and Nurses' Moral Courage in China: The Mediating Effect of Psychological Empowerment.

To empirically investigate the impact of ethical leadership on nurses' moral courage in China and examine the mediating role of psychological empowerment in this relationship. Moral courage is essential for alleviating nurses' moral distress, safeguarding patients' safety and rights, and providing high-quality care. Previous studies have emphasized the strong relationship between ethical leadership and moral courage; however, little is known about the actual impact of ethical leadership on nurses' moral courage.

Fucoidan derived from Saccharina japonica: structural characterization and amelioration of high-fat-diet induced obesity in male C57BL/6 J mice via modulating the gut microbiota and lipid metabolites.

Fucoidan has great potential for the prevention and treatment of obesity. This study aimed to determine the detailed structure of two fucoidan fractions (LF3-1 and LF4-1) from Saccharina japonica (S. japonica) and its mechanism for treating obesity.