Convergent Electrochemical-Chemical Tandem Catalysis Synthesis of Ethylene Oxide from CO and Water at Ambient Conditions.

Ethylene oxide (EO) is an important commodity chemical, and its production currently relies on fossil fuel-based energy-intensive thermocatalysis associated with substantial CO emissions or the usage of toxic/corrosive precursors (e.g., Cl).

Introduction of Diverse Divalent Main-Group Metal Cations to Tune the Physical Properties of Rare-Earth Thiophosphates.

Metal chalcophosphates have extensive applications in numerous frontier scientific fields due to their rich structures. Herein, six novel quaternary thiophosphates (MEu)PS (M = Ca, Sr, Ba, and Pb), viz. (CaEu)PS (), (SrEu)PS (), (BaEu)PS (), (PbEu)PS (), (BaEu)PS (), and (BaEu)PS (), were synthesized by the flux-assisted boron-sulfur solid-state reactions.

Single Sublayer Reconstruction in Substrate-Supported WS Twisted Bilayers.

Marginally twisted WS bilayers undergo lattice reconstructions, but it is unclear if the distortion is equally distributed or confined to specific sublayers. Here, we use combined noncontact atomic force microscopy with scanning tunneling spectroscopy to tune the probing depth to extract electronic and atomic lattice information for each sublayer separately. We find a lattice reconstruction unexpectedly confined to the WS layer in contact with graphite only, governed by transition metal dichalcogenide-substrate interactions, leading to a peculiar type of a ferroelectric domain wall.

Coherence in resonance fluorescence.

Resonance fluorescence of a two-level emitter displays persistently anti-bunching irrespective of the excitation intensity, but inherits the driving laser's linewidth under weak monochromatic excitation. These properties are commonly explained in terms of two disjoined pictures, i.e.

A Series of Pentanary Rare-Earth Oxysulfides Obtained by Heterovalent Cation and Anion Cosubstitution Exhibiting Nonlinear Optical Activity and Ultrawide Band Gaps.

Considering the shortcomings of commercial infrared nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals, it is necessary and urgent to explore new ones. Oxychalcogenides are regarded as potential candidates due to their abundant structures and possible balance between NLO indicators. Herein, isostructural REGaGeOS (RE = La (), Ce (), Pr (), and Nd ()) were derived from KNbGeO () via the heterovalent cation/anion cosubstitution strategy.

Designing Natural Cell-Inspired Heme-Spurred Membrane Electrode Assembly for Fuel Cells.

Developing highly efficient and durable membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) is imperative for the widespread implementation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). However, the poor mass transfer efficiency and sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics have significantly suppressed the power density and longevity of platinum (Pt)-based MEA in PEMFCs, particularly when using an ultralow Pt loading. Inspired by the functional principles of hemoglobin in red blood cells, we present a Heme-cofactor strategy to create a "respiratory proton-transfer chain" for PEMFCs.

Characterization of the soybean ABF gene family and the key regulatory function of GmABF1 in salt stress response.

The abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway depends largely on ABRE-binding factors (ABFs), a distinct subfamily of plant bZIP transcription factors. Here, we carried out a genome-wide analysis of the ABF gene family in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.

Biomimetic Liposomes for G-Protein-Coupled Receptor 120 Exo/Endogenous Coactivation to Reprogram Lipid Metabolism in Obesity-Associated Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) associated with obesity is increasingly recognized as a distinct phenotype, driven by lipid metabolic imbalance and related inflammation. A particularly troublesome issue is that even after successfully correcting obesity, OA progression and lipid metabolic imbalance persist within the joint microenvironment, suggesting local lipid metabolism regulation as a potential treatment option. G-protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120), a primary receptor for long-chain fatty acids (including docosahexaenoic acid, DHA), has recently been found to play a pivotal role in regulating lipid homeostasis and suppressing inflammation.

Advances in magnetic resonance imaging of the developing brain and its applications in pediatrics.

The human brain undergoes a complex and dynamic developmental process from birth through adolescence, driven by molecular and cellular mechanisms that shape its structure and function. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an essential non-invasive tool for studying pediatric brain development and detecting neurological disorders. However, pediatric neuroimaging presents unique challenges, including motion artifacts, small anatomical structures, and immature tissue properties, necessitating specialized MRI techniques.

Direct Visualization of Metal-Induced Gap State Distribution and Valley Band Evolution at Metal Versus Semimetal MoS Interfaces.

The interlayer coupling between metals and the two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors' conduction band (CB), encompassing metal-induced gap states (MIGS) and valley band modulation, critically influences both the Schottky barrier height (SBH) and intrinsic sheet resistance. Understanding the CB modulation induced by metals/semimetals is, therefore, essential for contact engineering optimization. Given that the MIGS decay length and orbital interactions are spatially confined to the nanoscale region proximate to the 2D semiconductor interface, we employed scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy to quantitatively determine the MIGS decay length and CB minimum on various metal/semimetal substrates.

Construction and optimization of low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio-adapted Chlorococcum-Bacteria symbiosis for energy-efficient wastewater remediation.

This study developed a microalgae-bacteria symbiosis (MBS) system using Chlorococcum robustum AY122332.1 isolated from rare earth tailings wastewater to treat synthetic municipal wastewater. Systematic optimization identified a 1:1 bacteria-microalgae ratio (MBS 1) as optimal, achieving nearly 100 % removal of ammonia and 92.

Lysine methyltransferase SETD7 in cancer: functions, molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.

Since its discovery as a histone methyltransferase, SETD7 has been implicated in many signaling pathways and carcinogenesis. SETD7 catalyzes the methylation of histone H3 and non-histone proteins, regulating their translation, stability and activity. SETD7 is frequently abnormally expressed and has a significant influence on cell proliferation, invasion, autophagy and immune response.

Optimal timing of endoscopic biliary drainage for bile duct leaks: A multicenter, retrospective, clinical study.

Background: Bile duct leaks (BDLs) are serious postsurgical adverse events. Typically, conservative management with abdominal drainage is the initial treatment option. However, prolonged abdominal drainage without improvement can lead to biliary stricture and delay the optimal timing of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

Large-scale alkali-assisted growth of monolayer and bilayer WSe with a low defect density.

The development of p-type WSe transistors has lagged behind n-type MoS because of challenges in growing high-quality, large-area WSe films. This study employs an alkali-assisted CVD (AACVD) method by using KOH to enhance nucleation on sapphire substrates, effectively promoting monolayer growth on c-plane sapphire and enabling controlled bilayer seeding on miscut surfaces with artificial steps. With AACVD, we achieve 2-inch monolayer and centimeter-scale bilayer WSe films with defect densities as low as 1.

The Role of Endothelial Cell Glycolysis in Schwann Cells and Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair: A Novel and Important Research Area.

Endothelial cell glycolysis plays a novel and significant role in Schwann cells and peripheral nerve injury repair, which represents an emerging and important area of research. Glycolysis in endothelial cells is a conserved and tightly regulated biological process that provides essential energy (ATP) and intermediates by ultimately converting glucose into lactate. This metabolic pathway is crucial for maintaining the normal function of endothelial cells.

Preparation and epitope identification of a novel monoclonal antibody against 3A protein of Senecavirus A.

Senecavirus A (SVA) infection causes vesicular disease in pigs and acute death of newborn piglets. Frequent gene mutation and recombination events lead to difficulties for SVA prevention and eradication, especially impeding the development of effective vaccine or treatment drug. SVA nonstructural 3 A protein plays an important role in viral replication and various immune evasion pathways, which makes it a potential therapeutic target.

Two-dimensional inverse double sandwich CoB: strain-induced non-magnetic to ferromagnetic transition.

A full-scale structural search was performed using density functional theory calculations and a universal structural prediction evolutionary algorithm. This produced a lowest energy two-dimensional (2D) CoB structure. The CoB-1 global minimum structure has unusual inverse double sandwich features.

A new species of the genus Gomphocerus Thunberg, 1815 (Orthoptera: Acridoidea: Gomphocerinae) from Ningxia, China.

N/A.

Short-Range Coulomb Interaction Is a Key to Switch the Utilization of Higher Triplet Excitons in Multiresonance Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Doped Film.

Multiresonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) materials have attracted widespread attention due to ultrahigh definition display standards. However, many MR-TADF materials lack TADF properties in both the solution and solid states. Interestingly, the TADF characteristics appear once these MR-TADF compounds are doped in a suitable host film, but the precise mechanism involved in the host-guest interaction remains uncertain.

Rare-Earth/d Dual-Metal Oxychalcogenides as Infrared Nonlinear-Optical Materials.

Oxychalcogenides are receiving increasing interest as nonlinear-optical (NLO) materials because of the possible combination of advantages from oxides and chalcogenides. Here, two new pentanary oxythiogermanates EuMGeOS [M = Zn (), Cd ()] were obtained by the facile metal oxide-boron-sulfur solid-state route. They crystallize with a melilite-type structure and feature {[MGeOS]} layers built by GeOS dimers and MS tetrahedra.

Selective and durable HO electrosynthesis catalyst in acid by selenization induced straining and phasing.

Developing efficient electrocatalysts for acidic electrosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide (HO) holds considerable significance, while the selectivity and stability of most materials are compromised under acidic conditions. Herein, we demonstrate that constructing amorphous platinum-selenium (Pt-Se) shells on crystalline Pt cores can manipulate the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) pathway to efficiently catalyze the electrosynthesis of HO in acids. The Se‒Pt nanoparticles, with optimized shell thickness, exhibit over 95% selectivity for HO production, while suppressing its decomposition.

Diatomic Active Sites Embedded Graphyne as Electrocatalysts for Ammonia Synthesis.

Ammonia (NH) is a vital chemical compound in industry and agriculture, and the electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (eNRR) is considered a promising approach for NH synthesis. However, the development of eNRR faces the challenge of high overpotential and low Faradaic efficiency. In this work, graphyne (GY) is anchored by 3d, 4d, and 5d dual transition metal atoms to form diatomic catalysts (DACs) and is roundly investigated as an electrocatalyst for eNRR via density functional theory calculations.

Phase-Matching Second-Harmonic Generation and Enhanced Laser-Induced Damage Threshold Induced by Cs Substitution: CuPSe vs CsCuPS.

Chalcophosphates are an important type of infrared nonlinear optical (NLO) candidates in view of their rich anionic motifs. Here, two copper chalcophosphates CuPSe (CPSe) and CsCuPS (CCPS) were synthesized and studied as IR NLO materials. They both feature three-dimensional polyanionic frameworks constructed by similar T2-supertetrahedra, and the structure of CCPS can be derived from CPSe via introducing Cs and substituting Se with S.

Intrinsic Activity Identification of Noble Metal Single-Sites for Electrocatalytic Chlorine Evolution.

Single-atom catalysts with maximal atom-utilization have emerged as promising alternatives for chlorine evolution reaction (CER) toward valuable Cl production. However, understanding their intrinsic CER activity has so far been plagued due to the lack of well-defined atomic structure controlling. Herein, we prepare and identify a series of atomically dispersed noble metals (e.