Probiotics for the Management of Liver Cirrhosis and Its Complications.

Cirrhosis is the terminal stage of various chronic liver diseases, and its decompensated stage is mainly characterized by serious complications, such as hepatic encephalopathy, ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Gut microbial dysbiosis is prevalent in patients with cirrhosis. Considering the bidirectional regulation of the gut-liver axis, dysbiosis is closely related to the development and progression of liver cirrhosis.

Preparation of N and S Codoped Ultramicroporous Carbon Materials with a High CO Adsorption Capacity.

The environmental problems caused by excessive CO emissions have made the development of adsorbent materials for capturing CO an important topic. N-doped porous carbon materials are attractive for CO adsorption because of their large specific surface area, porous structure, and multiple active sites. S and N are known to work well together as codopants, but the effects of S on N and the synergistic effects of S and N on carbon materials need to be clarified.

Arsenite Antiporter Driven by Its Native Promoter Increases Leaf Arsenic Accumulation in Tobacco.

is the first-reported arsenic (As) hyperaccumulator, which has been applied to phytoremediation of As-contaminated soil. PvACR3, a key arsenite (AsIII) antiporter, plays an important role in As hyperaccumulation in . However, its functions in plants are not fully understood.

Novel phosphatase PvPAP1 from the As-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata promotes organic P utilization and plant growth: Extracellular exudation and phytate hydrolysis.

Organic phosphorus (P) is a large component of soil P, but it is often unavailable for plant uptake. Purple acid phosphatases (PAP) can hydrolyze a wide range of P, playing an important role in P utilization by plants. In this study, we investigated a novel secretary PvPAP1 from the As-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata, which can effectively utilize exogenous P, including adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and phytate.

The Influence of Al and Nb on the Low Oxygen Pressure Pre-Oxidation Behavior of Fe-35Ni-20Cr-xAl-yNb Alloys at 1000 °C.

To investigate the impact of Al and Nb elements on the formation of a protective oxide layer on the surface of Fe-35Ni-20Cr-xAl-yNb (x = 0, 2, 4, 6 wt.%; y = 0, 1, 2 wt.%) alloys, their oxidation behavior was examined at 1000 °C, 10 atm.

MT1G, an emerging ferroptosis-related gene: A novel prognostic biomarker and indicator of immunotherapy sensitivity in prostate cancer.

Background: Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men worldwide. Despite advances in treatment strategies, there is still a need for novel therapeutic targets and approaches. Ferroptosis has emerged as a critical process in the development and progression of several cancers, including prostate cancer (PCA).

Using Fe biofortification strategies to reduce both Ni concentration and oral bioavailability for rice with high Ni.

Due to naturally high Ni or soil Ni contamination, high Ni concentrations are reported in rice, raising a need to reduce rice Ni exposure risk. Here, reduction in rice Ni concentration and Ni oral bioavailability with rice Fe biofortification and dietary Fe supplementation was assessed using rice cultivation and mouse bioassays. Results showed that for rice grown in a high geogenic Ni soil, increases in rice Fe concentration from ∼10.

Degradable Pure Magnesium Used as a Barrier Film for Oral Bone Regeneration.

The barrier membrane plays an extremely critical role in guided bone regeneration (GBR), which determines the success or failure of GBR technology. In order to obtain barrier membranes with high mechanical strength and degradability, some researchers have focused on degradable magnesium alloys. However, the degradation rate of pure Mg-based materials in body fluids is rather fast, thus posing an urgent problem to be solved in oral clinics.

Microplastics are transferred by soil fauna and regulate soil function as material carriers.

The ecotoxicological effects of microplastics, a new and widespread ecosystem pollutant, have been extensively reported. However, it remains unclear whether soil fauna transfer microplastics and whether migration behaviours influence subsequent ecological functions in terrestrial ecosystems. We investigated the transfer patterns of microplastics and their adsorbed substances by soil animals (the springtail, Folsomia candida) and the effect of the transfer on the decomposition of soil organic matter through a standardized cotton strip assay.

Profile of chimeric RNAs and TMPRSS2-ERG e2e4 isoform in neuroendocrine prostate cancer.

Purpose: Specific gene fusions and their fusion products (chimeric RNA and protein) have served as ideal diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for cancer. However, few systematic studies for chimeric RNAs have been conducted in neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). In this study, we explored the landscape of chimeric RNAs in different types of prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines and aimed to identify chimeric RNAs specifically expressed in NEPC.

Systems, Properties, Surface Modification and Applications of Biodegradable Magnesium-Based Alloys: A Review.

In recent years, biodegradable magnesium (Mg) alloys have attracted the attention of many researchers due to their mechanical properties, excellent biocompatibility and unique biodegradability. Many Mg alloy implants have been successfully applied in clinical medicine, and they are considered to be promising biological materials. In this article, we review the latest research progress in biodegradable Mg alloys, including research on high-performance Mg alloys, bioactive coatings and actual or potential clinical applications of Mg alloys.

Effects of Different Rare Earth Elements on the Degradation and Mechanical Properties of the ECAP Extruded Mg Alloys.

Effects of different rare earth elements on the degradation and mechanical properties of the ECAP (equal channel angular pressing) extruded Mg alloys were investigated in this work. Microstructural characterization, thermodynamic calculation, a tensile test, an electrochemical test, an immersion test, a hydrogen evolution test and a cytotoxicity test were carried out. The results showed that yttrium addition was beneficial to the improvement of the alloy's strength, and the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength (YS) values of the ECAPed Mg-2Zn-0.

Immune Signatures Combined With BRCA1-Associated Protein 1 Mutations Predict Prognosis and Immunotherapy Efficacy in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Immunotherapy is gradually emerging in the field of tumor treatment. However, because of the complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME), some patients cannot benefit from immunotherapy. Therefore, we comprehensively analyzed the TME and gene mutations of ccRCC to identify a comprehensive index that could more accurately guide the immunotherapy of patients with ccRCC.

Recent Advances on Development of Hydroxyapatite Coating on Biodegradable Magnesium Alloys: A Review.

The wide application of magnesium alloys as biodegradable implant materials is limited because of their fast degradation rate. Hydroxyapatite (HA) coating can reduce the degradation rate of Mg alloys and improve the biological activity of Mg alloys, and has the ability of bone induction and bone conduction. The preparation of HA coating on the surface of degradable Mg alloys can improve the existing problems, to a certain extent.

Growth Kinetics of in Solid-Free Drilling Fluids.

A broken stratum is a complex stratum often encountered during drilling. Under erosion of the drilling fluid and disturbance of the drill pipe string, the rock in the well wall of the broken stratum is prone to collapsing and falling off, causing the well wall to lose its stability. Improving the cementing force between the broken blocks and forming a complete well wall are essential for overcoming this instability.

Novel PvACR3;2 and PvACR3;3 genes from arsenic-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata and their roles in manipulating plant arsenic accumulation.

Arsenite (AsIII) antiporter ACR3 is crucial for arsenic (As) translocation and sequestration in As-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata, which has potential for phytoremediation of As-contaminated soils. In this study, two new ACR3 genes PvACR3;2 and PvACR3;3 were cloned from P. vittata and studied in model organism yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and model plant tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum).

Microplastics with cadmium inhibit the growth of Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara rather than reduce cadmium toxicity.

Microplastics and heavy metals are discharged into a freshwater environment either directly or via surface runoff and are largely deposited in sediments, posing risks to aquatic organisms. Few studies have thus far been devoted to the interaction of microplastics and heavy metals in sediments. Whether microplastics can affect the toxicity and accumulation of heavy metals in submerged macrophytes remains unclear.

The metastatic promoter DEPDC1B induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition and promotes prostate cancer cell proliferation via Rac1-PAK1 signaling.

Metastasis is the major cause of prostate cancer (PCa)-related mortality. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a vital characteristic feature that empowers cancer cells to adapt and survive at the beginning of metastasis. Therefore, it is essential to identify the regulatory mechanism of EMT in metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) and to develop a novel therapy to block PCa metastasis.

Efficient arsenate reduction in As-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata are mediated by novel arsenate reductases PvHAC1 and PvHAC2.

Arsenic-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata is efficient in As absorption, reduction, and translocation. But the molecular mechanisms and locations of arsenate (AsV) reduction in P. vittata are still unclear.

Immune Cytolytic Activity as an Indicator of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Treatment for Prostate Cancer.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) treatment is becoming a new hope for cancer treatment. However, most prostate cancer (PCa) patients do not benefit from it. In order to achieve the accuracy of ICIs treatment in PCa and reduce unnecessary costs for patients, we have analyzed the data from TCGA database to find a indicator that can assist the choice of treatment.

Topoisomerase II-binding protein 1 promotes the progression of prostate cancer via ATR-CHK1 signaling pathway.

DNA damage response (DDR) plays an important role in the progression of cancers, including prostate cancer (PCa). Topoisomerase II-binding protein 1 (TopBP1) is an essential promotor of ATR-mediated DDR. Herein, we investigated the association between TopBP1 and PCa and determined its effect on the progression of PCa.

Bacteria Sphingobium yanoikuyae Sy310 enhances accumulation capacity and tolerance of cadmium in Salix matsudana Koidz roots.

Phytoremediation assisted by plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) is considered an effective strategy for cadmium (Cd) removal in contaminated sites. This study uses a hydroponic experiment to investigate how Sphingobium yanoikuyae Sy310 affects Cd accumulation capacity and tolerance of Salix matsudana Koidz (S. matsudana) roots.

Pteris vittata coupled with phosphate rock effectively reduced As and Cd uptake by water spinach from contaminated soil.

Arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) are ubiquitous in the environment and they are both toxic to humans. When present in soils, they can enter food chain, thereby threatening human health. Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) is an important leafy vegetable, which is widely consumed in Asian countries.

The Interplay of MicroRNA-34a, LGR4, EMT-Associated Factors, and MMP2 in Regulating Uveal Melanoma Cells.

Purpose: MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a) has been implicated in many biological processes. It is downregulated in uveal melanoma, and introduction of miR-34a inhibits the proliferation and migration of uveal melanoma cells. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 4 (LGR4) is a novel target of miR-34a identified first in retinal pigment epithelial cells.