CYP2C19 genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy to prevent thromboembolic events after stent-assisted coil embolization of unruptured intracranial aneurysms: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: CYP2C19 genotyping has been widely studied to guide antiplatelet therapy in cardiovascular disease; however, its role in neurointerventional procedures, particularly for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIA), remains underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of CYP2C19-guided antiplatelet therapy following stent-assisted coil embolization (SAC) in patients with UIA.

Methods: A total of 403 patients who underwent SAC were included.

Polymyxin B delivery systems: smart solutions for improved antibacterial activity and reduced toxicity.

Polymyxin B (PMB) serves as the last-line drug for treating multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. However, its clinical application is limited due to significant nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity. In recent years, smart drug delivery systems have emerged as a research hotspot, aiming to optimise the functions and therapeutic effects of PMB.

Decreased PECAM-1 May be a potential pathological factor for vascular injury in T2DM patients.

Vascular injury is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) is a vascular regulator. This study is to explore the possible pathological mechanism of PECAM-1 in vascular injury in T2DM.

Genetic links between psychological distress, sleep disorders, and sepsis risk: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Psychological distress and sleep disorders have been associated with increased sepsis risk and mortality, but their causal genetic relationships remain unclear.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the causal relationship between genetically predicted psychological distress, sleep disorders, and sepsis risk, using a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach.

Method: Genetic instrumental variables were identified for anxiety disorders, depression, post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD), insomnia, and sleep-wake schedule disorders.

Liposomes enhance the hair follicle delivery of minoxidil sulfate with improved treatment of androgenic alopecia.

Androgenic alopecia (AGA) represents one of the most prevalent forms of hair loss. Liposomes (LPSs), acting as a localized dermal drug reservoir with sustained release property, can effectively prolong and enhance drug retention within the skin. Minoxidil sulfate (MXS), a potent active metabolite of minoxidil (MX) for promoting hair growth, exhibits instability in aqueous solution and faces difficulties in depositing within the deep dermal hair follicle regions.

Causal insights into the role of metabolites in venous thromboembolism pathogenesis: a metabolome-wide Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant global health burden, and metabolic alterations play a key role in its pathogenesis. However, previous studies have been constrained by several limitations, hindering clarification of the causal role of metabolites.

Objectives: To comprehensively evaluate the causal roles of metabolites in the pathogenesis of VTE and determine whether metabolites mediate the relationships between modifiable risk factors and VTE.

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring for Lacosamide in Chinese Pediatric Patients with Epilepsy: Focus on Clinical Effectiveness, Tolerability and Drug Interactions.

To investigate the effectiveness and tolerability of lacosamide (LCM) and to select a better reference range for its concentration in plasma for Chinese pediatric patients with epilepsy. In addition, it is necessary to evaluate the potential determinates of LCM concentration. Pediatric epilepsy patients using LCM were retrospective included.

Enzyme-activatable kidney-targeted dendrimer-drug conjugate for efficient childhood nephrotic syndrome therapy.

Childhood nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a serious disease affecting the health and quality of life of children, which is characterized by a series of pathophysiological changes due to the increased permeability of the glomerular membrane to plasma proteins. Low renal drug distribution and inefficient cellular uptake, resulting from cellular dysfunctions of filtration and internalization, are the main barriers to drug treatment in childhood NS, leading to deterioration in nephropathy. However, efficient therapeutic methods against childhood NS are still lacking in clinic.

Building a Hospital Pharmacist Workforce by a Diversified and Position-Oriented Learning System.

Background: The role of hospital pharmacists has shifted from primarily ensuring drug supply to providing comprehensive pharmaceutical care. To accommodate this shift, new positions are needed. The traditional training model for hospital pharmacists is no longer sufficient for the evolving demands of pharmaceutical care and these new roles.

SNX14 inhibits autophagy via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling cascade in breast cancer cells.

Background: Sorting nexin 14 (SNX14) is a member of the sorting junction protein family. Its specific roles in cancer development remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine the effects and underlying mechanisms of SNX14 on autophagy of breast cancer cells to aid in the therapeutic treatment of breast cancer.

Application of Northern Goshawk Back-Propagation Artificial Neural Network in the Prediction of Monohydroxycarbazepine Concentration in Patients with Epilepsy.

Introduction: A northern goshawk back-propagation artificial neural network (NGO-BPANN) model was established to predict monohydroxycarbazepine (MHD) concentration in patients with epilepsy.

Methods: The data were collected from 108 Han Chinese patients with epilepsy on oxcarbazepine monotherapy. The results of 14 genotype variates were selected as the input layer in the first BPANN model, and the variables that had a more significant impact on the plasma concentration of MHD were retained.

Population pharmacokinetics and individualized dosing of vancomycin for critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy: the role of residual diuresis.

Vancomycin dosing is difficult in critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Previous population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) models seldom consider the effect of residual diuresis, a significant factor of elimination, and thus have poor external utility. This study aimed to build a PopPK model of vancomycin that incorporates daily urine volume to better describe the elimination of vancomycin in these patients.

A 3D "sandwich" co-culture system with vascular niche supports mouse embryo development from E3.5 to E7.5 in vitro.

Background: Various methods for ex utero culture systems have been explored. However, limitations remain regarding the in vitro culture platforms used before implanting mouse embryos and the normal development of mouse blastocysts in vitro. Furthermore, vascular niche support during mouse embryo development from embryonic day (E) 3.

Perturbing plasma membrane lipid: a new paradigm for tumor nanotherapeutics.

Cancer is generally considered a result of genetic mutations that cause epigenetic changes, leading to anomalous cellular behavior. Since 1970s, an increasing understanding of the plasma membrane and specifically the lipid alterations in tumor cells have provided novel insights for cancer therapy. Moreover, the advances in nanotechnology offer a potential opportunity to target the tumor plasma membrane while minimizing side effects on normal cells.

Research progress of E3 ubiquitin ligase regulating biological behavior of human placental trophoblast cells.

E3 ubiquitin ligases are important components of the ubiquitin protease system. This family includes many proteins, which can catalyze the ubiquitination of a variety of protein substrates and promote the degradation of them by the proteasome system. Recent studies have shown that E3 ubiquitin ligase plays a key role in the process of fetal development and placental formation.

Space-time trends of community-onset Staphylococcus aureus infections in children: a group-based trajectory modeling approach.

Purpose: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) remains a serious cause of infections in the United States and worldwide. In the United States, methicillin-resistant S.

The cost-effectiveness of targeted screening for congenital cytomegalovirus in newborns compared to clinical diagnosis in the US.

Objective: Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the leading environmental cause of hearing loss (HL) among children, affecting four in one thousand newborns. cCMV testing in the US is currently based on clinical diagnosis which does not consistently identify cCMV cases and precludes early intervention to prevent and reduce the severity of HL. We estimated the cost-effectiveness of targeted newborn screening and cCMV testing among newborns compared to clinical diagnosis.

Unraveling the Plasma Protein Corona by Ultrasonic Cavitation Augments Active-Transporting of Liposome in Solid Tumor.

Ligand/receptor-mediated targeted drug delivery has been widely recognized as a promising strategy for improving the clinical efficacy of nanomedicines but is attenuated by the binding of plasma protein on the surface of nanoparticles to form a protein corona. Here, it is shown that ultrasonic cavitation can be used to unravel surface plasma coronas on liposomal nanoparticles through ultrasound (US)-induced liposomal reassembly. To demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the method, transcytosis-targeting-peptide-decorated reconfigurable liposomes (LPGLs) loaded with gemcitabine (GEM) and perfluoropentane (PFP) are developed for cancer-targeted therapy.

SIRT3 Enhances the Protective Role of Propofol in Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction via Activating Autophagy Mediated by AMPK/mTOR Pathway.

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication after surgery and anesthesia. In this study, we aimed to determine the neuroprotective mechanism of Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) and propofol in POCD.

Methods: The cognitive dysfunction models in C57BL/6J mice were induced and treated, then cognitive function of mice were tested using morris water maze and novel object recognition tests.

Design, fabrication and application of self-spiraling pattern-driven 4D-printed actuator.

Self-spiraling actuators are widely found in nature and have high research and actuator-application value in self-lock and self-assembly. Four-dimensional (4D) printing is a new generation additive manufacturing of smart materials and has shown great potential for the fabrication of multi-functional and customized structures. The microarchitecture design of a bilayer actuator could bring flexible and diversified self-spiraling behaviors and more possibilities for practical application by combing 4D printing.

Non-adiabatic dynamics of the entanglement entropy in a symmetry-breaking Haldane insulator.

We study the non-adiabatic dynamics of a typical symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phase-the Haldane insulator (HI) phase with broken bond-centered inversion. By continuously breaking the middle chain, we find the gap closes at a critical point in the deep HI regime with a change of particle number partition of the left or right system. The adiabatic evolution fails at this critical point and we show how to predict the dynamics of the entanglement entropy near this point using a two-level model.