Mendelian randomization revealed a one-way causal association between increased Isovalerylcarnitine (C5) levels and the risk of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

There have been multiple observational studies that have established a link between metabolite levels in the body and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), specifically focusing on metabolites derived from fatty acids. However, a complete understanding of the precise molecular and biological factors, as well as the causality between them, remains elusive. The main objective of our study was to evaluate the potential causal relationship between blood metabolites and IPF by using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Molecular characteristics and functional differentiation of two IL-10 genes in barbel chub Squaliobarbus curriculus.

Interleukin-10 (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory cytokine, plays crucial roles in balancing excessive inflammation in fish during infectious diseases. In this study, we identified two IL-10 gene copies in barbel chub (Squaliobarbus curriculus), designated as ScIL-10A and ScIL-10B. Gene collinearity analysis revealed that ScIL-10A and ScIL-10B were located on different chromosomes, and only ScIL-10A shared a conserved gene block with IL-10s from other vertebrates.

Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols in Targeting Th17/Treg Balance for Intestinal Barrier Maintenance.

The integrity of the intestinal barrier is essential for overall health. Disruption of tight junction (TJs) proteins negatively affects intestinal barrier function, leading to immune imbalances and causing a variety of pathological conditions that are closely associated with the pathogenesis of multiple diseases. Th17 and Treg cells are two distinct phenotypes of CD4 T cells with opposing functions.

Nuclear scaffold attachment factor A functions as a potential viral recognition receptor involved in the antiviral immunity of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).

As one of the most primitive vertebrates, fish have evolved a distinct repertoire of viral recognition receptors. However, the existence of nuclear viral recognition receptors in fish remains uncertain. In this study, we identified a scaffold attachment factor A (SAFA), CiSAFA, as a potential nuclear recognition receptor for grass carp reovirus (GCRV) in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).

Advances in Cytosolic Delivery of Proteins: Approaches, Challenges, and Emerging Technologies.

Although therapeutic proteins have achieved recognized clinical success, they are inherently membrane impermeable, which limits them to acting only on extracellular or membrane-associated targets. Developing an efficient protein delivery method will provide a unique opportunity for intracellular target-related therapeutic proteins. In this review article, we summarize the different pathways by which cells take up proteins.

Z-ligustilide alleviates atherosclerosis by reconstructing gut microbiota and sustaining gut barrier integrity through activation of cannabinoid receptor 2.

Background: Z-Ligustilide (ZL) is an essential phthalide found in Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine for treating atherosclerosis (AS) clinically. ZL has been shown to be effective in treating AS. However, the underlying mechanism of ZL against AS and its potential targets remain elusive.

The role of RRS1 in breast cancer cells metastasis and AEG-1/AKT/c-Myc signaling pathway.

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. Recurrence, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance are the main causes of death in breast cancer patients. The inhibition of breast cancer metastasis is of great significance for prolonging its survival.

The impact of histone lactylation on the tumor microenvironment and metabolic pathways and its potential in cancer therapy.

Background: The complexity of cancer is intricately linked to its multifaceted biological processes, including the roles of the tumor microenvironment (TME) as well as genetic and metabolic regulation. Histone lactylation has recently emerged as a novel epigenetic modification mechanism that plays a pivotal role in regulating cancer initiation, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.

Objective: This review aims to elucidate the role of histone lactylation in modulating various aspects of tumor biology, including DNA repair mechanisms, glycolytic metabolic abnormalities, functions of non-tumor cells in the TME, and the promotion of tumor inflammatory responses and immune escape.

Identification of novel biomarkers for lupus nephritis.

Lupus nephritis (LN) is an autoimmune disease that rapidly progresses as a secondary consequence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and has a very poor prognosis. Therefore, this study aimed to identify characteristics of immune cell infiltration and investigate potential therapeutic targets using bioinformatics methods and the Murphy Roths Large/lymphoproliferation (MRL/lpr) mouse model. In this study, a total of 2,810 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, which were primarily enriched in inflammatory and immune regulation pathways.

Physical Grinding of Prefabricated CoO and MCM-22 Zeolite for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis: Impact of Pretreatment Procedure on the Dispersion and Catalytic Performance.

To improve the mess-specific activity of Co supported on zeolite catalysts in Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis, the Co-MCM-22 catalyst was prepared by simply grinding the MCM-22 with nanosized CoO prefabricated by the thermal decomposition of the Co(II)-glycine complex. It is found that this novel strategy is effective for improving the mess-specific activity of Co catalysts in FT synthesis compared to the impregnation method. Moreover, the ion exchange and calcination sequence of MCM-22 has a significant influence on the dispersion, particle size distribution, and reduction degree of Co.

Wild Cordyceps proteins reinforce intestinal epithelial barrier through MAPK/NF-κB pathway in MRL/lpr mice.

Objectives: The effects of wild Cordyceps proteins (WCPs) on the gut microbiota and the immune system of MRL/lpr mice were studied.

Methods: The effects of WCP on serum metabolic indexes (total triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) content was measured by a biochemical analyzer. CD4+, CD8+ cells, intestinal inflammation, and intestinal barrier function in MRL/lpr mice were measured by flow cytometry, 16S ribosomal RNA, western blot, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction RT-PCR.

Transcriptome and proteomics conjoint analysis reveal anti-alcoholic liver injury effect of Dianhong Black Tea volatile substances.

Dianhong Black Tea, a fermented tea containing various bioactive ingredients, has been found to have a significant role in alleviating alcoholic liver injury (ALI). One of its main unique components, Dianhong Black Tea volatile substances (DBTVS), may have potential anti-ALI effects. However, its effects and underlying molecular mechanisms are still unknown.

Extraperitoneal pelvic packing versus angiographic embolization for hemodynamically unstable pelvic fractures: a retrospective single-center analysis.

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the clinical data and treatment procedures of angiographic embolization (AE) and extraperitoneal pelvic packing (EPP) for traumatic pelvic fractures in our center for the purpose of providing recommendations on the selection of treatment protocols.

Methods: We analyzed 110 patients with traumatic pelvic fractures treated with AE and EPP from January 2015 to May 2023. The patients were divided into the AE group (69 men, 41 women) and the EPP group (20 men, 12 women).

Research progress of LINE-1 in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of gynecologic tumors.

The retrotransposon known as long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1), which is currently the sole autonomously mobile transposon in the human genome, can result in insertional mutations, chromosomal rearrangements, and genomic instability. In recent years, numerous studies have shown that LINE-1 is involved in the development of various diseases and also plays an important role in the immune regulation of the organism. The expression of LINE-1 in gynecologic tumors suggests that it is expected to be an independent indicator for early diagnosis and prognosis, and also, as a therapeutic target, LINE-1 is closely associated with gynecologic tumor prognosis.

Ferulic Acid Alleviates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation and Inflammation by Improving Proximal and Distal Intestinal Barriers in NAFLD Mice.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with low-grade chronic inflammation which is usually induced by intestinal dysbiosis. As ferulic acid (FA) has been proven effective at improving the intestinal integrity, we aimed to determine the effect of dietary FA on NAFLD development in high-fat dieted (HFD) mice, a well-established model of NAFLD. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed either a normal chow diet (ND) or HFD with or without FA (40 mg/kg) orally for 6 weeks.

Cordyceps proteins alleviate lupus nephritis through modulation of the STAT3/mTOR/NF-кB signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cordyceps is a parasitic edible fungus, which is a unique Chinese medicinal material. It has been reported to have immunomodulatory effects and use in kidney disease. Especially, Cordyceps has been used in the treatment of lupus nephritis (LN).

10-Hydroxydec-2-Enoic Acid Reduces Hydroxyl Free Radical-Induced Damage to Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Rescuing Protein and Energy Metabolism.

10-Hydroxydec-2-enoic acid (10-HDA), an unsaturated hydroxyl fatty acid from the natural food royal jelly, can protect against cell and tissue damage, yet the underlying mechanisms are still unexplored. We hypothesized that the neutralization of the hydroxyl free radical (•OH), the most reactive oxygen species, is an important factor underlying the cytoprotective effect of 10-HDA. In this study, we found that the •OH scavenging rate by 10-HDA (2%, g/ml) was more than 20%, which was achieved through multiple-step oxidization of the -OH group and C=C bond of 10-HDA.

Fixed time stability of a class of chaotic systems with disturbances by using sliding mode control.

The main goal of this article is to consider the fixed time control problem of perturbed chaotic systems by virtue of sliding mode control. For this aim, this article presents a novel fixed time stability theorem at first by the Lyapunov tools. Then combining the obtained stability theorem and sliding mode technique, a new sliding mode surface is constructed and some novel controllers are designed appropriately to stabilize the discussed chaotic system.

Gestational systolic blood pressure trajectories and risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in Chinese women.

Background: Associations between trajectories of systolic blood pressure (SBP) during pregnancy and pregnant outcomes remain unclear and disparate.

Methods: Data of 20,353 mothers without chronic hypertension and who delivered live singletons between January, 2014 and November, 2019, was extracted from Taicang register-based cohort. Based on SBP measured during 10 to 40 weeks of gestation, SBP trajectories were explored using latent class growth mixture model, and their associations with maternal and neonatal outcomes were assessed by logistic regression analyses.

Exposure to Chinese famine in early life modifies the association between hyperglycaemia and cardiovascular disease.

Background And Aims: The Great Leap Forward Famine during 1959-1961 was the world's largest famine, and its adverse long-term effects might be more apparent in the coming decade with ageing of the exposed populations. The aim of this study was to examine whether the Chinese Famine modified the effect of hyperglycaemia on cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods And Results: We used data of 4337 adults born between 1952 and 1964 collected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Removal of Foodborne Pathogen Biofilms by Acidic Electrolyzed Water.

Biofilms, which are complex microbial communities embedded in the protective extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), are difficult to remove in food production facilities. In this study, the use of acidic electrolyzed water (AEW) to remove foodborne pathogen biofilms was evaluated. We used a green fluorescent protein-tagged for monitoring the efficiency of AEW for removing biofilms, where under the optimal treatment conditions, the fluorescent signal of cells in the biofilm disappeared rapidly and the population of biofilm cells was reduced by more than 67%.