Confirmed record of (Anura, Megophryidae) from Jiulong County, Sichuan Province, China, with notes on tadpoles and advertisement calls.

Background: The horned frog population, previously identified as from Jiulong County, Sichuan Province, China, was recently proposed to be , based on geographical inference, which remains unconfirmed by specimen examination.

New Information: We revisited this population and confirmed its identification as in Jiulong County using molecular data from 16S and CO1 genes, complemented by morphological diagnosis. Additionally, we described its tadpoles and advertisement calls, extending the known range and informing conservation efforts.

Evolutionary and environmental determinants of heat tolerance and acclimation capacity in herpetofauna.

Exploring heat tolerance and acclimation capacity can provide an effective approach to evaluating species' sensitivity to extremely high temperatures due to climate warming. Despite some work on amphibian and reptile thermophysiological adaptation, related questions remain. We reviewed the literature to provide a synthesis of worldwide data on heat tolerance and to determine the relative importance of common evolutionary and environmental thermal variation in amphibians and reptiles in shaping species' heat tolerance and acclimation capacity.

Environmental and evolutionary factors jointly shape life-history trait diversity of terrestrial vertebrates across China.

Life-history traits represent evolutionary adaptations that mediate responses to external environments. Analyzing variation in these traits provides valuable insights into macroecological processes and supports the development of effective conservation and restoration strategies. However, large-scale biogeographic patterns in life-history trait diversity among terrestrial vertebrates remain insufficiently characterized, and the processes shaping these patterns are not well understood.

Uncovering Sexual Differences in the External Morphology, Appendicular Muscles, and Internal Organs of a Fossorial Narrow-Mouth Frog ().

Sexual dimorphism is prevalent among animals, influencing both functional morphological traits and behavioral performances. In this study, we investigated the sexual differences in the morphological parameters of (Anura, Microhylidae) during the breeding season using 48 specimens. Our results reveal that among the 16 external morphological traits, females had significantly larger snout-vent length and eye diameter than males.

Comparative Phylogenetic Study on Host Newts (Caudata: Salamandridae) and Parasitic Mites (Acariformes: Hydrachnidia: Hygrobatidae) in East and Southeast Asia.

The water mite genus and the newt family Salamandridae are distributed widely in the northern hemisphere. However, only in Eastern and Southeastern Asia a host-parasite association developed, with several species, which belong to the subgenus , parasitizing newts of the genera , , and . Presently, there is no molecular study on parasitic , which impedes our understanding of their phylogeny and the evolutionary history of the host-parasite association between and their hosts.

Metabolic acclimation to warming links unexpected immune activation and sexual dimorphism attenuation in Xenopus tropicalis.

Maintaining a dynamic balance among various life-history traits is crucial for survival in a warming world, yet the underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic. In this study, we employed the western clawed frog (Xenopus tropicalis) as a model and conducted a long-tern experiment from zygotes to adult stage. We find that even within the previously considered normal temperature range, a 5 °C increase in ambient temperature can establish a new metabolic state, resulting in elevated oxidative stress and a shift in energy allocation towards immune defense at the expense of sexual development.

RNF216 inhibits ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma by promoting p53 ubiquitination.

PurposeLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most prevalent subtype of non-small cell lung cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. This study investigates the role of Ring Finger Protein 216 (RNF216) in LUAD progression.MethodsRNF216 expression was evaluated in LUAD tissues and cells.

PDE3B and HBB are key prognostic biomarkers driving cell proliferation and regulating immune microenvironment in breast cancer.

Background: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous malignancy with diverse tumor subpopulations and complex tumor-immune interactions. This study explores the prognostic and functional roles of PDE3B and HBB in breast cancer, focusing on their contributions to proliferation and immune microenvironment modulation.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and TCGA data were analyzed to identify malignant subpopulations and prognostic genes.

Narirutin attenuates LPS-induced neuroinflammatory responses in both microglial cells and wild-type mice.

Background: Microglia-induced neuroinflammation plays a key role in the etiology and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Narirutin, a flavanone glycoside naturally present in citrus fruits, demonstrates anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of narirutin in inhibiting microglia-mediated neuroinflammation.

The gut-liver axis plays a limited role in mediating the liver's heat susceptibility of Chinese giant salamander.

The Chinese giant salamander (CGS, Andrias davidianus), a flagship amphibian species, is highly vulnerable to high temperatures, posing a significant threat under future climate change. Previous research linked this susceptibility to liver energy deficiency, accompanied by shifts in gut microbiota and reduced food conversion rates, raising questions about the role of the gut-liver axis in mediating heat sensitivity. This study investigated the responses of Chinese giant salamander larvae to a temperature gradient (10-30 °C), assessing physiological changes alongside histological, gut metagenomic, and tissue transcriptomic analyses.

Multiple-Level Variation of Advertisement Calls of Across Hainan Island.

Vocalization is an important feature in anuran identification that could vary among individuals and populations. We present an investigation of multiple-level variation on advertisement calls of from nine populations across Hainan Island and further test the differences between the two geographical groups that were divided by morphological features in a previous study. We found that dominant frequency is the most static call parameter at the individual level.

Genome of a stage-dependent cave-dwelling frog reveals the genetic mechanism of an extremely divergent biphasic life cycle.

Cave-dwelling species offer unique insights into adaptive evolution. The stage-dependent cave frog, Oreolalax rhodostigmatus (Orho), exhibits troglomorphic traits as a tadpole in Karst caves, transitioning to a troglophilic/trogloxenic lifestyle after metamorphosis, characterized by developed pigment and eyes. We present the Orho genome (3.

Research Status and Prospect of Amphibian Symbiotic Microbiota.

Amphibians are the most severely threatened vertebrate group in terms of biodiversity. The microbiota that coexist in a mutualistic relationship with amphibians play a crucial role in shaping their health status, reproductive efficiency, and environmental adaptability. Understanding the relationship between amphibians and microbiota is vital for elucidating the causes of amphibian diseases and developing effective prevention and control techniques, which in turn is significant for enhancing the effectiveness of amphibian diversity conservation.

Correlations of Levels of Peripheral Blood Inflammatory Cytokines and Serum Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase-A with Acute Ischemic Stroke and Their Early Prognostic Value.

Respecting the significant role of inflammation in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) development, we explored the correlations of inflammatory cytokines and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase-A (Lp-PLA) with AIS and their early prognostic value. The retrospectively enrolled subjects [Study (AIS patients) and Control (healthy volunteers) groups] were determined for serum index levels. Neurological impairment and early prognosis of AIS patients were assessed.

A new species of Microhyla (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae), with an extended description of Microhyla nanapollexa from Vietnam.

Based on morphological and molecular evidences, we describe a new species of Microhyla (Nanohyla) from Deo Ca Mountain in Vietnam. The new species differs from congeners by high genetic divergences in 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA sequences (9.31-11.

Diets shape thermal responses in Chinese giant salamanders by altering liver metabolism.

Diet can influence the thermal performance of ectotherms, providing potential strategies for biological conservation in the context of global warming. The endangered is susceptible to heat stress due to energy deficiency in the liver when fed a worm-based diet rich in carbohydrates. A fish-based diet, rich in protein and lipids, improves their thermal performance, but the underlying physiological mechanisms remain unclear.

Carbapenem-Resistant, Virulence Plasmid-Harboring Klebsiella pneumoniae, United States.

Carbapenem-resistant and virulence plasmid-harboring Klebsiella pneumoniae (pVir-CRKP) has emerged and spread globally, yet clinical investigations from the United States remain limited. We conducted a genomic analysis of 884 unique carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates from a multicenter US cohort and identified 6 pVir-CRKP isolates, including 2 sequence type (ST) 23, 2 ST893, and 2 ST11 isolates.

Global emergence of Carbapenem-resistant Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae driven by an IncFII KPC-2 plasmid.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-hvKp) has been increasingly reported worldwide, posing a severe challenge to public health; however, the mechanisms driving its emergence and global dissemination remain unclear.

Methods: We analysed CR-hvKp strains derived from canonical hvKp backgrounds, and acquired a carbapenemase-encoding gene. These strains were identified from 485 CRKp isolates in the CRACKLE-2 China cohort, 259 CRKp isolates from a multi-centre study, and 67,631 K.

Physiology-Related Variations in the Blood Hormone and Metabolome of Endangered Hog Deer ().

: The hog deer () is an endangered species facing significant threats from habitat loss and fragmentation, with only captive populations remaining in China. Expanding breeding programs and restoring wild populations are critical strategies for the species' conservation. Achieving this requires the development of an effective health database and the identification of molecular biomarkers for their physiological traits.

Phylosymbiosis and Parallel Geographical Patterns in the Gut Microbiota of Desert-Dwelling Amphibians and Reptiles.

Variation patterns in gut microbial diversity among host species and populations offer valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying environment-host-microbiome interactions. However, the extent to which host phylogeny and geography drive these variation patterns in animal gut microbiota remains an open question. Amphibians and reptiles are important models to address this issue.

[Transcriptome sequencing reveals molecular mechanism of seed dormancy release of Zanthoxylum nitidum].

The transcriptome sequencing based on Illumina Novaseq 6000 Platform was performed with the untreated seed embryo(DS), stratified seed embryo(SS), and germinated seed embryo(GS) of Zanthoxylum nitidum, aiming to explore the molecular mechanism regulating the seed dormancy and germination of Z. nitidum and uncover key differentially expressed genes(DEGs). A total of 61.

Every Gain Comes With Loss: Ecological and Physiological Shifts Associated With Polyploidization in a Pygmy Frog.

Polyploidization plays a pivotal role in vertebrate evolution and diversification. However, the effects of polyploidization on animals across various biological levels, and how these differences drive ecological shifts, remain unclear. Through karyotype analysis and whole-genome sequencing, we identified an autotetraploid Microhyla fissipes from Hainan Island, which shows reproductive isolation and geographic differentiation from its diploid counterpart.

Adaptive Divergence and Functional Convergence: The Evolution of Pulmonary Gene Expression in Amphibians of the Qingzang Plateau.

The Qingzang Plateau, with its harsh environmental conditions-low oxygen, high ultraviolet radiation and significant temperature fluctuations-demands specialised adaptations for survival. While genetic adaptations have been extensively studied, gene expression's role in amphibian adaptation to high elevations remains understudied. This study analysed pulmonary gene expression in 119 amphibians across the plateau to explore how genetic and environmental factors shape expression evolution.