The nonlinear relationship between built environment and cycling propensity for different travel purposes - based on extreme gradient boosting decision tree.

Bicycles, as a flexible, convenient, and low-carbon mode of transportation, possess significant advantages in short-distance travel. Linear and generalized linear models have been widely employed for modeling in previous studies, while the nonlinear relationship between the built environment and cycling behavior has received scant attention. Consequently, this paper delves into the significance of individual and family socio-economic attributes, travel characteristics, and built environment attributes regarding bicycle choice behavior, as well as the nonlinear relationship and threshold effect between the principal variable and the propensity for bicycle choice for two distinct travel purposes, based on the data from the 2018 Daily Trip Survey in Xianyang, China.

Bio-Based Stabilization of Natural Soil for Rammed Earth Construction: A Review on Mechanical and Water Durability Performance.

Rammed earth (RE), despite being an ancient method of construction, has smoothly integrated into contemporary civil engineering due to its compatibility with current sustainability requirements for housing structures. However, typical RE needs some improvements to fully realize its potential as both a structurally effective and environmentally friendly building technique. As a result, multiple bio-inspired enhancement methods have been suggested to substitute traditional cement or lime stabilizers.

Development and evaluation of optimized PCR and indirect ELISA for the detection of in dairy cows.

Introduction: () is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen, whose increasing virulence and antibiotic resistance negatively impact dairy cow health and productivity, raising concerns in livestock health management. To mitigate this risk, rapid and reliable diagnostic methods for detection are essential. Currently, detection methods for are underdeveloped, prompting us to develop both pathogenic and serological detection methods, including an optimized PCR technique and an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA).

Subtalar arthroereisis for simultaneous treatment of flexible pes planus during surgical correction of hallux valgus.

Background: Scarf osteotomy is a well-established procedure for hallux valgus, yet recurrence rates range from 3.6% to 10%. Pes planus, which often coexisting with hallux valgus, is a risk factor for recurrence.

STING signaling contributes to methotrexate-induced liver injury by regulating ferroptosis in mice.

Methotrexate (MTX), an anti-metabolite agent, is a widely used chemotherapeutic anticancer drug, but its hepatotoxicity severely limits its clinical application. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms of MTX-caused liver damage are extremely intricate and still need to be fully clarified. In the current study, we investigated the role of the STING-ERS-ferroptosis axis in MTX-triggered hepatic toxicity in vivo and in vitro models.

Potential improvement in the mechanical performance and thermal resistance of geopolymer with appropriate microplastic incorporation: A sustainable solution for recycling and reusing microplastics.

The accumulation of microplastics (MPs) has been a major threat to the natural environment and human health. However, incineration and landfilling may not be appropriate for the management of MPs. This paper evaluated the feasibility of incorporating MPs with diverse dimensions (50 to 500 μm) and contents (2.

Experimental and Meshless Numerical Simulations on the Crack Propagation of Semi-Circular Bending Specimens Containing X-Shaped Fissures Under Three-Point Bending.

Cracks in rock and concrete have a great adverse effect on the stability of engineering structures; however, there are few studies on X-shaped fissures which widely exist in rock and concrete structures. Based on this background, three-point bending fracture tests of SCB specimens containing X-shaped fissures are carried out. The momentum equations in the SPH method are improved, and the crack propagations of SCB specimens under three-point bending are simulated.

Muscle-specific PGC-1α modulates mitochondrial oxidative stress in aged sarcopenia through regulating Nrf2.

Background: Aged sarcopenia is characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, and mitochondrial dysregulation in skeletal myocyte is considered as a major factor. Here, we aimed to analyze the effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) on mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in aged skeletal muscles.

Methods: C2C12 cells were stimulated by 50 μM 7β-hydroxycholesterol (7β-OHC) to observe the changes of cellular ROS, mitochondrial ROS, and expression of PGC-1α and Nrf2.

Laboratory investigation and prediction of permeability of fresh to five-year-old municipal solid wastes of low and high food contents.

The permeability of municipal solid wastes (MSWs) is important for the design and operation of landfills. This study presented the experimental investigation of the permeability of low food content- (LF-) and high food content- (HF-) MSWs prepared in laboratory-scale bioreactors for up to 5 years. The permeability of MSWs with diverse degrees of decomposition (DOBs), void ratios, and permeation liquids was measured (288 tests).

Effects of microplastic contamination on the hydraulic, water retention, and desiccation crack properties of a natural clay exposed to leachate.

Microplastic (MP) can significantly affect soil behaviour and the ecosystem. This paper presents an experimental study to investigate the effects of MP contamination and leachate exposure on the desiccation cracks, hydraulic conductivity, and water retention properties of the natural black clay. The leachate was from a landfill in Australia.

Jujuboside B alleviates acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice by regulating Nrf2-STING signaling pathway.

Background: Jujuboside B (JuB) is the main bioactive saponin component of Chinese anti-insomnia herbal medicine Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, which has been reported to possess varied pharmacological functions. Even though it has been traditionally used to treat inflammation- and toxicity-related diseases, the effects of JuB on acetaminophen (APAP) overdose-induced hepatotoxicity have not been determined yet.

Methods: C57BL/6 J mice were pre-treated with JuB (20 or 40 mg/kg) for seven days before APAP (400 mg/kg) injection.

Mechanical performance and water resistance of biochar admixture lightweight magnesium oxychloride cement.

The applications of magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) have been extensively studied recently due to its eco-friendly and high-strength nature. However, one of the significant limitations of MOC is its poor water resistance. To address this limitation, this study explored the prospect of incorporating biochar particles (up to 25 % of the dry mass of MgO) to form lightweight MOC with improved water resistance.

Extract latent features of single-particle trajectories with historical experience learning.

Single-particle tracking has enabled real-time, in situ quantitative studies of complex systems. However, inferring dynamic state changes from noisy and undersampling trajectories encounters challenges. Here, we introduce a data-driven method for extracting features of subtrajectories with historical experience learning (Deep-SEES), where a single-particle tracking analysis pipeline based on a self-supervised architecture automatically searches for the latent space, allowing effective segmentation of the underlying states from noisy trajectories without prior knowledge on the particle dynamics.

Effects of biochar-amended soils as intermediate covers on the physical, mechanical and biochemical behaviour of municipal solid wastes.

The effects of biochar-amended soils as landfill covers have been extensively studied in terms of liquid and gas permeability. However, the influences of biochar-amended soils on the performance of municipal solid wastes (MSWs) in bioreactor landfills have not been well understood. This paper investigates the potential application of biochar-amended soils as final and intermediate covers in landfills.

Water retention and hydraulic properties of a natural soil subjected to microplastic contaminations and leachate exposures.

The influences of microplastics (MPs) contamination on soils have been extensively studied recently. Most of previous studies focus on saturated hydraulic conductivities and water retention of loose soils under laboratory conditions. The effects of MPs on the hydraulic properties of compacted soils for engineering purposes have not been well understood.

Single Nanovesicles Tracking Reveals Their Heterogeneous Extracellular Adsorptions.

The vigorous nanomedicine offers significant possibilities for effective therapeutics of various diseases, and nanovesicles (NVs) represented by artificial liposomes and natural exosomes and cytomembranes especially show great potential. However, their complex interactions with cells, particularly the heterogeneous extracellular adsorptions, are difficult to analyze spatiotemporally due to the transient dynamics. In this study, by single NVs tracking, the extracellular NVs adsorptions are directly observed and their heterogeneous characteristics are revealed.

Numerical modelling of settlement of municipal solid waste in landfills coupled with effects of biodegradation.

This paper presents the development of a new settlement model to predict the long-term settlement of municipal solid wastes (MSWs). The total settlement of the MSWs results from the direct loss of solids due to decomposition and compression due to stress variation induced by loss of solids, flow of gas and liquid and mechanical creep. The geotechnical properties of MSWs are considered as functions of degrees of biodegradation (DOB).

Experimental investigation of water retention curves of municipal solid wastes with different paper contents, dry unit weights and degrees of biodegradation.

This paper investigates the drying and wetting water retention curves (WRCs) of municipal solid wastes (MSWs) with different paper contents, dry unit weights and degrees of biodegradation (DOBs). Fresh synthetic samples were prepared based on the field composition of the MSWs at Mugga Lane Landfill, the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), Australia. The degraded samples were prepared in simulators with MSWs of different initial dry unit weights and decomposition periods with leachate recirculation.

Urban ecological security pattern construction coupled with risk and service: A case study of Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, China.

How to combine regional ecological risks and local ecological needs to construct ecological security is one of the main issues of its application in territorial spatial governance and associated with whether it can be effectively applied. Based on the "source" accessibility and the quality of space, we constructed the ecological security pattern of Xianyang City through the way of source-corridor-node. During the construction processes, we combined the cha-racteristics of topography, influencing factors of regional ecological security, and landscape characteristics.

Physical, geotechnical and biochemical behaviours of municipal solid waste in field and laboratory bioreactors.

This paper investigates the effects of degrees of compaction (initial dry unit weights), recirculation liquid and rate, and environmental temperature on the long-term physical, geotechnical, and biochemical properties of municipal solid wastes (MSWs) biodegraded for approximately 800 days. Four field bioreactors were filled with fresh MSWs collected from a landfill site. Three laboratory bioreactors were filled with synthetic MSWs with the composition same as that used in the field bioreactors.

Posterior ankle arthroscopic treatment of a talar chondroblastoma with allograft and a platelet-rich plasma-fibrin glue: A case report and literature review.

Unlabelled: Talar chondroblastoma, which is a benign tumor of immature cartilage cells, is an uncommon but easily missed diagnosis of foot pain. Arthroscopic treatment for this condition is a safe, powerful, and promising technique with definitive advantages of visualization and minimal invasion. Here, we report a case of a talar chondroblastoma treated by posterior ankle arthroscopic curettage, allograft bone graft, and platelet-rich plasma-fibrin glue (PRP-FG) application.

Lateral approach for insertional Achilles tendinitis with Haglund deformity.

Objective: The study aims to investigate the functional outcome of the lateral approach for insertional Achilles tendinitis (IAT) with Haglund deformity.

Methods: From January 2016 to September 2019, 14 cases of IAT with Haglund deformity that resisted conservative treatment received surgery in our department. A lateral approach was used to debride the bony and soft tissue and reattach the insertion of the Achilles tendon.

Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes After Arthroscopic Microfracture for Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus: 5-Year Results in 355 Consecutive Ankles.

Background: Arthroscopic microfracture for osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT) has shown good functional outcomes in the short and long term.

Purpose: To investigate 5-year radiographic and clinical outcomes after arthroscopic microfracture in treatment of OLT and the effectiveness of adjunct therapies including platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid (HA).

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Viscosity Measurement in Biocondensates Using Deep-Learning-Assisted Single-Particle Rotational Analysis.

Viscoelastic characterization is of great importance for the investigation of biomolecular condensates. Single-particle-tracking-based rotational diffusion analysis of single nanorods is an effective approach for quantitative viscosity measurement. However, in the case of high background and noise with high-speed image acquisition, accurate extraction of diffusivity from the data is a challenging task.

PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition promotes hepatic regeneration in small-for-size liver following extended hepatectomy.

Background: Small-for-size syndrome following liver surgery is characterized by compromised liver regeneration. Liver macrophages play key roles in initiating liver regeneration, and modulation of the immune microenvironment through macrophages may accelerate liver regeneration. In our current study, we aimed to explore the involvement of innate immunity after extended hepatectomy in rats and humans, and to test the effect of immunity modulation on small-for-size liver regeneration in rats.