Multi-modal and Multi-view Cervical Spondylosis Imaging Dataset.

Multi-modal and multi-view imaging is essential for diagnosis and assessment of cervical spondylosis. Deep learning has increasingly been developed to assist in diagnosis and assessment, which can help improve clinical management and provide new ideas for clinical research. To support the development and testing of deep learning models for cervical spondylosis, we have publicly shared a multi-modal and multi-view imaging dataset of cervical spondylosis, named MMCSD.

Treatment for moyamoya disease with hyperhomocysteinemia.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of controlling serum homocysteine on improving surgical outcomes in patients with moyamoya disease (MMD) and hyperhomocysteinemia. In this prospective observational cohort study, 477 patients with MMD post-encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis are divided into the HHcy-MMD post-control group (n = 193), HHcy-MMD uncontrolled group (n = 91), and MMD group (n = 193), with the HHcy-MMD post-control group further subdivided into good (homocysteine 0-10 μmol/L, n = 121) and general (homocysteine 10-15 μmol/L, n = 72) control groups. The differences in imaging and long-term clinical prognosis among the three groups were compared.

Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis for Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerotic Arterial Steno-Occlusive Disease: Clinical and Radiological Outcomes.

Background: This study investigated the long-term clinical and angiographic outcomes of encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis treatment for symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic arterial steno-occlusive disease to further evaluate the potential therapeutic role of encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis in this population.

Methods And Results: A total of 152 adult patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic arterial steno-occlusive disease who were treated with encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis and intensive medical management across 3 tertiary centers in China between January 2011 and September 2019 were retrospectively included. The primary outcomes were defined as postoperative cerebrovascular events, including ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.

Hotspots and frontiers of the relationship between gastric cancer and depression: A bibliometric study.

Background: A significant relationship between gastric cancer (GC) and depression has been found in the last 20 years. However, there is no comprehensive information that helps researchers find popular and potential research directions on GC and depression.

Aim: To determine the research status and hotspots by bibliometric analysis of relevant publications on the relationship between GC and depression.

[Robotics Helps Usher in a New Era of Neurosurgery].

The application of surgical robots in neurosurgery has formed a rapidly developing and fascinating new field that is revolutionizing the way neurosurgeries are performed. Herein, we discussed the prospects of the future development of neurosurgery robots. We found that, at present, surgical robots are most widely used in stereotactic surgeries in the field of neurosurgery.

Maraviroc promotes recovery from traumatic brain injury in mice by suppression of neuroinflammation and activation of neurotoxic reactive astrocytes.

Neuroinflammation and the NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 inflammasome play crucial roles in secondary tissue damage following an initial insult in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Maraviroc, a C-C chemokine receptor type 5 antagonist, has been viewed as a new therapeutic strategy for many neuroinflammatory diseases. We studied the effect of maraviroc on TBI-induced neuroinflammation.

Long-term efficacy, prognostic factors, and safety of deep brain stimulation in patients with refractory Tourette syndrome: A single center, single target, retrospective study.

Background: To evaluate the long-term efficacy, prognostic factors, and safety of posteroventral globus pallidus internus deep brain stimulation (DBS) in patients with refractory Tourette syndrome (RTS).

Methods: This retrospective study recruited 61 patients with RTS who underwent posteroventral globus pallidus internus (GPi) DBS from January 2010 to December 2020 at the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital. The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS), Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome Quality-of-Life Scale (GTS-QOL) were used to evaluate the preoperative and postoperative clinical condition in all patients.

Atorvastatin combined with dexamethasone in chronic subdural haematoma (ATOCH II): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Chronic subdural haematoma (CSDH) is a common condition in the elderly that often requires neurosurgical management. For small CSDH, evidence has emerged that statins may reduce haematoma volume and improve outcomes, presumably by reducing local inflammation and promoting vascular repair. We wish to extend this evidence in a study that aims to determine the efficacy and safety of atorvastatin combined with low-dose dexamethasone in patients with CSDH.

The role of extracellular vesicles in traumatic brain injury-induced acute lung injury.

Acute lung injury (ALI), a common complication after traumatic brain injury (TBI), can evolve into acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and has a mortality rate of 30%-40%. Secondary ALI after TBI exhibits the following typical pathological features: infiltration of neutrophils into the alveolar and interstitial space, alveolar septal thickening, alveolar edema, and hemorrhage. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were recently identified as key mediators in TBI-induced ALI.

Hypertension, Arterial Stiffness, and Clinical Outcomes: A Cohort Study of Chinese Community-Based Population.

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Retrospective Analysis of 28 Cases Confirmed for Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System by Biopsy.

Objective: The present study aimed to summarize the clinical characteristics, therapeutic effects, and long-term prognosis of cases confirmed with primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) by biopsy, analyze the risk factors, and provide clinical guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on 28 cases of PACNS confirmed by biopsy, and the age, gender, pathological results, course of the disease, imaging manifestations, treatment, and prognosis of the patients were analyzed and summarized.

Results: The cohort (age 16-60 years) comprised of 16 males.

Atorvastatin combined with low-dose dexamethasone for vascular endothelial cell dysfunction induced by chronic subdural hematoma.

Atorvastatin has been shown to be a safe and effective non-surgical treatment option for patients with chronic subdural hematoma. However, treatment with atorvastatin is not effective in some patients, who must undergo further surgical treatment. Dexamethasone has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, and low dosages are safe and effective for the treatment of many diseases, such as ankylosing spondylitis and community-acquired pneumonia.

Use of a compact high-definition two-dimensional exoscope in surgical treatment of large vestibular schwannoma.

Background: Extra-corporeal video telescope operating monitor system provides a necessary instrument to perform high-precision neurosurgical procedures that could substitute or supplement the traditional surgical microscope. The present study was designed to evaluate a compact high-definition two-dimensional exoscope system for assisting in surgical removal of large vestibular schwannoma (VS), as an alternative to a binocular surgical microscope.

Methods: Patients with Koos grade 3 and grade 4 VS undergoing surgery were enrolled in this prospective cohort study between January 2013 and June 2018.

Risk factors for corticosteroid insufficiency during the sub-acute phase of acute traumatic brain injury.

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction may lead to the occurrence of critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency. Critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency can easily occur after traumatic brain injury, but few studies have examined this occurrence. A multicenter, prospective, cohort study was performed to evaluate the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the incidence of critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency during the sub-acute phase of traumatic brain injury.

Decreased numbers of circulating endothelial progenitor cells are associated with hyperglycemia in patients with traumatic brain injury.

Hyperglycemia reduces the number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells, accelerates their senescence and impairs their function. However, the relationship between blood glucose levels and endothelial progenitor cells in peripheral blood of patients with traumatic brain injury is unclear. In this study, 101 traumatic brain injury patients admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital or the Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, China, were enrolled from April 2005 to March 2007.

Percutaneous endoscopic decompression for calcified thoracic disc herniation using a novel T rigid bendable burr.

Background: The basic endoscopic instruments are not suitable for removing calcified or hard discs in patients with thoracic disc herniations (TDH). We describe a percutaneous endoscopic technique for the treatment of calcified TDH using an endoscopic drill system with a T rigid bendable burr.

Methods: Eleven patients (8 males, mean age 42.

Management of Dumbbell and Paraspinal Tumors of the Thoracic Spine Using a Single-stage Posterolateral Approach: Case Series.

This study investigated the surgical results of a single-stage posterolateral approach with arc incision, unilateral laminectomy, and costotransversectomy for the management of dumbbell tumors and paraspinal tumors of the thoracic spine. From January 2010 to March 2017, 14 patients with dumbbell tumors or paraspinal tumors of the thoracic spine who underwent resection with single-stage posterolateral approach were followed up and analyzed retrospectively. The operations were performed using a single-stage posterolateral approach with arc incision, unilateral laminectomy, and costotransversectomy without any instrumentation.

PARP-1 (Poly[ADP-Ribose] Polymerase 1) Inhibition Protects From Ang II (Angiotensin II)-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Mice.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common vascular degenerative disease. PARP-1 (poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase 1) is a nuclear enzyme, which plays a critical role in vascular diseases. We hypothesized that PARP-1 inhibition might have protective effects on AAA.

Dynamic changes in growth factor levels over a 7-day period predict the functional outcomes of traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can result in poor functional outcomes and death, and overall outcomes are varied. Growth factors, such as angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), play important roles in the neurological functions. This study investigated the relationship between serum growth factor levels and long-term outcomes after TBI.

Cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury is associated with reduced long-term depression of excitatory postsynaptic potential in the rat hippocampal dentate gyrus.

Traumatic brain injury can cause loss of neuronal tissue, remote symptomatic epilepsy, and cognitive deficits. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of traumatic brain injury are not yet clear. Hippocampal excitability is strongly correlated with cognitive dysfunction and remote symptomatic epilepsy.

Dexmedetomidine attenuates traumatic brain injury: action pathway and mechanisms.

Traumatic brain injury induces potent inflammatory responses that can exacerbate secondary blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, neuronal injury, and neurological dysfunction. Dexmedetomidine is a novel α2-adrenergic receptor agonist that exert protective effects in various central nervous system diseases. The present study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective action of dexmedetomidine in a mouse traumatic brain injury model, and to explore the possible mechanisms.