Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Long-Acting Monoclonal Antibodies Tixagevimab and Cilgavimab (AZD7442) in a China Phase 2 Study and Evaluation of Asian Race Effect.

Safety, pharmacokinetics, and impact of race of pharmacokinetics on monoclonal antibodies tixagevimab and cilgavimab (AZD7442) were assessed in Chinese adult participants in a Phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. In total, 272 participants were randomized 3:1 to a single intravenous dose of 600 mg AZD7442 or placebo and followed for 451 days. Mean participant age was 34.

Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of the Long-Acting SARS-CoV-2-Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody Combination AZD7442 (Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab) in Healthy Chinese Adults.

AZD7442, a combination of extended half-life monoclonal antibodies tixagevimab and cilgavimab, was shown to neutralize previously circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants. This study evaluated safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of AZD7442 in healthy Chinese adults. In this randomized, placebo-controlled, Phase 1 study, AZD7442 was administered intramuscularly or intravenously (300 or 600 mg).

Position sensitive silicon photomultipliers with an intrinsic continuous resistive layer for charge division.

Position sensitive silicon photomultipliers that utilize an intrinsic continuous resistive layer (CRL SiPMs) for charge division are reviewed, and new developments of one-dimensional (1D) CRL SiPMs are reported. This study compares and analyzes the position and timing characteristics of three 1D CRL SiPM configurations: square ring (SR) electrodes with microcell sizes of 15 μm and 20 μm, and a dual parallel side strip (DPSS) electrode with a 10 μm microcell size. The position resolution degrades as microcell size increases, whereas the position measurement error remains independent of microcell size.

Development of [F]AlF-RESCA-H006 as a Novel Molecular Probe for 5T4 Tumor Imaging and Exploration of Its Application in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is an extremely lethal cancer, making early detection and precise staging essential for extending survival. Upregulation of 5T4 mRNA was detected in bioinformatics analysis using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression. In the current work, we confirmed the overexpression of 5T4 protein in tumor samples of PAAD compared with the corresponding paraneoplastic tissue.

NEIL1 block IFN-β production and enhance vRNP function to facilitate influenza A virus proliferation.

Influenza A virus (IAV) has developed multiple tactics to hinder the innate immune response including the epigenetic regulation during IAV infection, but the novel epigenetic factors and their mechanism in innate immunity remain well studied. Here, through a non-biased high-throughput sgRNA screening of 1041 known epigenetic modifiers in a cellular model of IAV-induced interferon-beta (IFN-β) production, we identified nei endonuclease VIII-like 1 (NEIL1) as a critical regulator of IFN-β in response to viral infection. Further studies showed that NEIL1 promoted the replication of the influenza virus by regulating the methylation of cytonuclear IFN-β promoter (mainly CpG-345), inhibiting the expression of IFN-β and IFN-stimulating genes.

Point-of-care ultrasound estimation of gastric residual volume in preterm infants: development of a calculation model.

Background: The aspiration of gastric residual volume through the gastric tube increases the risk of feed interruption episodes, prolongs the time needed to achieve full enteral feeding and regain birth weight, and may potentially damage the gastric mucous. This study aimed to develop a point-of-care ultrasound-based model to calculate gastric residual volume in preterm infants.

Methods: This observational study enrolled 100 preterm infants who fed by gastric tube.

FactVAE: a factorized variational autoencoder for single-cell multi-omics data integration analysis.

Single-cell multi-omics technologies have revolutionized the study of cell states and functions by simultaneously profiling multiple molecular layers within individual cells. However, existing methods for integrating these data struggle to preserve critical feature information and fail to exploit known regulatory knowledge, which is essential for understanding cell functions. This limitation hinders their ability to provide comprehensive and accurate insights into cells.

Multilayered visual metabolomics analysis framework for enhanced exploration of functional components in wolfberry.

Wolfberry, regarded as a nutritious fruit, has garnered significant attention in the food industry due to potential health benefits. However, the tissue-specific distribution and dynamic accumulation patterns of nutritional metabolites such as flavonoids are still unclear. In this study, a novel spatial metabolomics framework was developed, incorporating instrumental optimization, metabolite identification, molecular network analysis, metabolic pathway mapping, and machine learning-based imaging.

Association of Pretreatment Serum Indirect Bilirubin Levels With Prognostic and Therapeutic Value in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Background: Bilirubin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties, with an inverse relationship between its levels and cancer risk and prognosis. However, the prognostic value of serum bilirubin in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains uncertain.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed pretreatment serum total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), and indirect bilirubin (IBIL) in 284 AML patients and 316 healthy controls.

Investigations on Beekeeping and Breeding of in China.

The worldwide value of the honey bee as an agricultural animal is increasingly being recognized. Not only does the honey bee directly produce useful agricultural products, but also large portions of crops are dependent on the pollination activities of honey bees. (), the native honey bee of China, is widely distributed in the country.

Unraveling the mechanisms underlying the fluorescent probe detection of microcystin-LR and its binding with CT-DNA.

Cyanobacteria blooms are concerning due to algal toxins like microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR). Despite progress in detecting MC-LR and understanding its toxic effects, including calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) damage, the mechanisms for fluorescent probe detection of MC-LR and its binding to CT-DNA are poorly understood. In this study, we designed three fluorescent probes for MC-LR detection.

A novel step-by-step teaching method improves training outcomes in transvaginal ultrasound for postgraduate reproductive medicine students: an exploratory randomized controlled study.

Background: Traditional methods of training in ultrasound technology make it difficult for postgraduate reproductive medicine students to rapidly develop into doctors who can perform clinical examinations independently. It is necessary to explore an efficient method for ultrasound training. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the step-by-step (SBS) teaching improves the ultrasound diagnosis and clinical work level of reproductive medicine graduate students.

Characterizing dynamic tumor-immune interactions in lung adenocarcinoma through orthotopic allograft modeling.

The major clinical challenge in lung cancer immunotherapy is drug resistance. Therefore, establishing efficient orthotopic lung cancer mouse models to explore the mechanisms of drug immunotherapy resistance is highly important. In this study, we generated multiple fluorescently labeled lung adenocarcinoma cell lines from a genetically engineered KPZ mice model.

-Unique Gene Is Important for Fungal Appressorial Penetration, Invasive Hyphal Extension, and Virulence in Rice Blast Fungi.

Species-unique genes that encode specific proteins and have no homologs in other species play certain roles in the evolution of species and adaptations to external environments. Nevertheless, the biological roles of unique genes in plant pathogenic fungi remain largely unknown. Here, four -unique genes (-), which were highly expressed during the early infection stages, were functionally characterized in the rice blast fungus Subcellular localization assays revealed that Mug1, Mug2, and Mug4 were localized to the cytoplasm and that Mug3 was localized into the nuclei.

Distinct Gut Microbiota and Arachidonic Acid Metabolism in Obesity-Prone and Obesity-Resistant Mice with a High-Fat Diet.

An imbalance of energy intake and expenditure is commonly considered as the fundamental cause of obesity. However, individual variations in susceptibility to obesity do indeed exist in both humans and animals, even among those with the same living environments and dietary intakes. To further explore the potential influencing factors of these individual variations, male C57BL/6J mice were used for the development of obesity-prone and obesity-resistant mice models and were fed high-fat diets for 16 weeks.

Glycyrol Relieves Ulcerative Colitis by Promoting the Fusion of ZO-1 with the Cell Membrane through the Enteric Glial Cells GDNF/RET Pathway.

The damage to the mechanical barrier of the intestinal mucosa is the initiating factor and the core link of the progression of ulcerative colitis (UC). Protecting the mechanical barrier of the intestinal mucosa is of great significance for improving the health status of UC patients. ZO-1 is a key scaffold protein of the mechanical barrier of the intestinal mucosa, and its fusion with the membrane of the intestinal epithelium is a necessary condition to maintain the integrity of the mechanical barrier of the intestinal mucosa.

Unveiling the Diversity and Modifications of Short Peptides in Scorpion Venom through Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry.

More recently, short peptides in scorpion venom have received much attention because of their potential for drug discovery. Although various biological effects of these short peptides have been found, their studies have been hindered by the lack of structural information especially in modifications. In this study, small peptides from scorpion venom were investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry followed by de novo sequencing.

Identification of toxic Gelsemium elegans in processed food and honey based on real-time PCR analysis.

Gelsemium elegans (GE) is a widely distributed hypertoxic plant that has caused many food poisoning incidents. Its pollen can also be collected by bees to produce toxic honey, posing a great threat to the health and safety of consumers. However, for the complex matrices such as cooked food and honey, it is challenging to perform composition analysis.

Pediatric Extrapolation Approach for U.S. Food and Drug Administration Approval of Brexpiprazole in Patients Aged 13 to 17 Years with Schizophrenia.

A pharmacokinetic (PK) bridging approach was successfully employed to support the dosing regimen and approval of brexpiprazole in pediatric patients aged 13-17 years with schizophrenia. Brexpiprazole was approved in 2015 for the treatment of schizophrenia and the adjunctive treatment of major depressive disorder in adults based on efficacy and safety data from clinical trials. On January 13, 2020, the US Food and Drug Administration issued a general advice letter to sponsors highlighting the acceptance of efficacy extrapolation of certain atypical antipsychotics from adult patients to pediatric patients considering the similarity in disease and exposure-response relationships.

Discovery of N-benzyl-6-methylpicolinamide as a potential scaffold for bleaching herbicides.

Background: In pesticide research, bleaching herbicides have always been a hot topic. Our previous research showed that N-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-methoxybenzamide is an innovative lead compound for bleaching herbicides.

Results: A total of 40 derivatives of picolinamides were prepared and evaluated for their herbicidal activity by Petri dish tests and postemergence trials.