Phosphorylation toggles the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein between two membrane-associated condensate states.

The Nucleocapsid protein (N) of SARS-CoV-2 plays a critical role in the viral lifecycle by regulating RNA replication and by packaging the viral genome. N and RNA phase separate to form condensates that may be important for these functions. Both functions occur at membrane surfaces, but how N toggles between these two membrane-associated functional states is unclear.

Split-YFP-coupled interaction-dependent TurboID identifies new functions of basal cell polarity in .

The formation of a body axis is one of the fundamental steps in developmental patterning in multicellular organisms. Ectopic expression of the stomatal protein BASL (BREAKING OF ASYMMETRY IN THE STOMATAL LINEAGE) reveals a proximal-distal cell polarity field in the leaf and an apical-basal field in the hypocotyl and root of . This provides a framework for uncovering molecular components of body-axis cell polarity in higher plants.

Experimental Investigation on the Strength of Fluxed Pellets Made by Medium-SiO Concentrate.

In the ironmaking process, using a high proportional pellet is a good way for energy saving. In order to maintain the basicity and MgO content of slag, CaO and MgO are necessary fluxes of pellets while the proportion of pellets in the furnace is increased. Limited by resource conditions, many iron and steel enterprises, especially in China, do not have enough low-SiO concentrate.

Label-Free Nanopore Determination of the Binding Mode, Kinetics and Thermodynamics of DNA-Drug Interactions.

Studying how drugs interact with DNA is crucial in pharmacology and personalized medicine because it provides insight into the influence of genetic variations on drug response, paving the way for the development of more targeted and effective treatments with reduced side effects for individual patients tailored to their genetic profile. At present, to explore DNA-drug mechanisms, the combined use of a number of complementary techniques such as spectroscopy, microscopy, electrochemistry, and computational modeling is usually carried out to obtain a comprehensive picture of the interaction. Herein, a real-time label-free nanopore method is reported for the simultaneous determination of the binding mode, kinetics, and thermodynamics of DNA-drug interactions, as well as investigation of the structural/diameter change induced by the drug on the DNA molecule from a single measurement.

Interactome Analysis of the CC2D1A Scaffold Reveals Novel Neuronal Interactions and a Postsynaptic Role.

Loss of the protein scaffold Coiled-coil and C2 domain containing 1A (CC2D1A) leads to intellectual disability (ID), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and other neurodevelopmental presentations in humans. CC2D1A interactions have been studied in different cell lines proposing diverse roles in endolysosomal maturation and intracellular signaling, but the composition and functional mechanisms of the CC2D1A interactome remain poorly understood, especially in the brain. We performed comprehensive proteomic analyses to characterize CC2D1A binding partners, first comparing immunoprecipitations with three different anti-CC2D1A antibodies in HEK293 cells and then probing the mouse hippocampus.

Mealtime alters daily rhythm in nuclear O-GlcNAc proteome to regulate hepatic gene expression.

The liver circadian clock and hepatic transcriptome are highly responsive to metabolic signals generated from feeding-fasting rhythm. Previous studies have identified a number of nutrient-sensitive signaling pathways that could interpret metabolic input to regulate rhythmic hepatic biology. Here, we investigated the role of O-GlcNAcylation, a nutrient-sensitive post-translational modification (PTM) in mediating metabolic regulation of rhythmic biology in the liver.

Ultrasensitive Detection of Attomolar Neurofilament Light Chain Using Gold Nanoparticle-Assisted CRISPR-Cas12a Enhanced Fluorescent Assay.

Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a nonspecific biomarker that can indicate neuronal damage, and elevated NfL levels have been reported in several neurological disorders and traumatic brain injury and are correlated with disease severity and progression. However, quantitative detection of NfL in bodily fluids, especially in blood, is challenging due to its ultralow levels and potential interference from matrix components. Herein, we report a DNA-assisted CRISPR-Cas12a-enhanced fluorescent assay for ultrasensitive and specific detection of NfL.

Efficacy and safety of Chaihu plus Longgu Muli decoction combined with Estazolam in the treatment of insomnia: a meta-analysis.

Background: Insomnia is a major sleeping disorder that affects the quality of life and overall health in a tremendous way. Those pharmacological therapies of insomnia, which are typically applied, i.e.

Construction of a Prognostic Model Using RNA Processing Factor Genes and the Key Role of NSUN6 in Glioma Outcomes.

Glioma is the most common malignant brain tumor and remains associated with a poor prognosis and limited predictive tools. The dysregulation of RNA processing factor genes has been implicated in glioma development, yet their prognostic relevance remains unclear. This study aimed to construct a robust prognostic model based on RNA processing factor genes and explore their functional roles and therapeutic potential.

Gold Nanoparticle-Assisted CRISPR-Cas12a-Based Activity Assay for Highly Sensitive Detection of Trypsin.

Proteases play important roles in diverse physiological processes, and their malfunction has been implicated in various conditions and diseases. Therefore, development of sensitive methods for protease detection in clinical samples is highly desired for disease diagnosis. Herein, we report an ultrasensitive and selective CRISPR-Cas12a based fluorescent assay for trypsin activity measurement.

Fluorine-Directed Structure-Specific Carbon Nanothreads.

Carbon nanothread (CNTh) is a sp-bonded one-dimensional nanomaterial that was predicted to combine the extreme strength with excellent flexibility. However, the reported CNTh usually has a nonuniform intrathread structure, and the synthesis of structure-specific CNTh is still a big challenge. Here, we selected 1,2,3-trifluorobenzene (1,2,3-TFB) with strong dipole as a precursor.

Fabricating 3D Network for FeP@MXene toward Stable and High-Capacity Lithium-Ion Storage.

The designing and searching superior anode materials with low operation potential and rapid redox kinetics is of paramount importance. Incorporating transition metal (TM) into phosphorus to form TM phosphides and combining them with low-dimension materials represents effective strategy for enhancing the electrochemical performances. Herein, a 3D network FeP@MXene composite anode is proposed with exhibiting a high reversible capacity of 444.

Combining Mass Spectrometry with Machine Learning to Identify Novel Protein Signatures: The Example of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

Objectives: We demonstrate an approach that integrates biomarker analysis with machine learning to identify protein signatures, using the example of SARS-CoV-2-induced Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C).

Methods: We used plasma samples collected from subjects diagnosed with MIS-C and compared them first to controls with asymptomatic/mild SARS-CoV-2 infection and then to controls with pneumonia or Kawasaki disease. We used mass spectrometry to identify proteins.

Polyaspartic Acid-Calcium-Lanthanum Complexes Induce Antibacterial Remineralization of Dentin and In-Depth Occlusion of Dentinal Tubules.

Dental caries is a global oral dilemma leading to demineralization of tooth hard tissues and exposure of dentinal tubules (DTs). Multifunctional restorative strategies, including remineralization, antibacterial properties, and DT occlusion, are urgently needed for dental caries management but remain a significant challenge. Herein, the polyaspartic acid-calcium-lanthanum suspension (5 g L-3.

Ordered Graphane Nanoribbons Synthesized via High-Pressure Diels-Alder Polymerization of 2,2'-Bipyrazine.

Graphane shares the same two-dimensional honeycomb structure of graphene, but its saturated carbon skeleton gives rise to a bandgap and therefore provides more possibilities for the development of novel carbon-based semiconductors. However, the hydrogenation of graphene usually leads to disordered and incompletely hydrogenated graphane, and the precise synthesis of graphane with a specific configuration is still very challenging. Here, we synthesized a crystalline graphane nanoribbon (GANR) via pressure-induced polymerization of 2,2'-bipyrazine (BPZ).

Maackia amurensis seed lectin structure and sequence comparison with other M. amurensis lectins.

Maackia amurensis lectins, including MASL, MAA, and MAL2, are widely utilized in biochemical and medicinal research. However, the structural and functional differences between these lectins have not been defined. Here, we present a high-resolution cryo-EM structure of MASL revealing that its tetrameric assembly is directed by two intersubunit disulfide bridges.

Regulation of Protein Transport in Functionalized PET Nanopores.

Facilitated translocation is a critical mechanism for transporting substances in biological systems, where molecular and ionic species move across the biological membrane with the help of specific transmembrane protein ion channels. In this work, we systematically examined protein transport in three poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) nanopores modified with different types of surface functions (hydroxyl, phenyl, and amine). We found that the event signature as well as the kinetics and thermodynamics of protein movement in the PET nanopore varied significantly with the change in the surface function in the pore.

Impact of Spatial Interactions in Polycarbonate-Based Electrolytes on Ion Transport Dynamics and Battery Performance.

Polymer electrolytes (PEs) show great promise in next-generation solid-state batteries. The interactions between functional monomers and lithium salts in PEs remain ambiguous, constraining the material design strategy aimed at optimizing the electrochemical performance. Here, we report on the local spatial interactions among the components in polycarbonate-based electrolytes, as determined through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques.

GCN5-targeted dual-modal probe across the blood-brain barrier for borders display in invasive glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly invasive malignancy with a poor prognosis, primarily attributable to its diffuse infiltration into adjacent brain tissue, thereby complicating effective surgical resection. Current imaging modalities often struggle to accurately identify tumor boundaries. Here, we identify general control non-repressed protein 5 (GCN5) as a promising molecular target for GBM imaging, as it is expressed in GBM lesions within brain tissue, and its expression levels are significantly correlated with GBM grading.

Synthesis of a biphenylene nanoribbon by compressing biphenylene under extreme conditions.

Nonbenzenoid graphene nanoribbons such as biphenylene networks have gained increasing attention owing to their promising electronic and transport properties, but their scalable synthesis is still a huge challenge. Pressure-induced topochemical polymerization is an effective method to assemble molecular units into extended carbon materials, and the structure and properties of the carbon material can be tuned by modifying its molecular precursors. Herein, by directly compressing biphenylene at room temperature, we successfully synthesized crystalline biphenylene nanoribbons in milligram scale.

Solid-State Alder-Ene Reaction of 1-Hexene under High Pressure.

The Alder-ene reaction is a chemical reaction between an alkene with an allylic hydrogen, and it provides an efficient method to construct the C-C bond. Traditionally, this reaction requires catalysts, high temperatures, or photocatalysis. In this study, we reported a high-pressure-induced solid-state Alder-ene reaction of 1-hexene at room temperature without a catalyst.

Functional mass spectrometry indicates anti-protease and complement activity increase with COVID-19 severity.

Investigations on some innate immunity proteins can yield misleading information, as investigators often rely on static measurements and assume a direct correlation to function. As protein function is often not directly proportional to protein abundance, and mechanistic pathways are interconnected and under constant feedback regulatory control, functional analysis is required. In this study, we used functional mass spectrometry to measure anti-protease and complement activity in plasma obtained from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.

Nanopore Detection of Small Molecules Based on Replacement and Complexation Chemical Interactions.

Small molecules play important roles in a variety of biological processes such as metabolism, cell signaling and enzyme regulation, and can serve as valuable biomarkers for human diseases. Moreover, they are essential to drug discovery and development, and are important targets for environmental monitoring and food safety. Due to the size incompatibility, small molecule transport is difficult to be monitored with a nanopore.