Effects of Oral Nutritional Supplements in Gastric Cancer Patients with Malnutrition-Sarcopenia Syndrome.

Malnutrition and sarcopenia may occur concurrently (Malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome, MSS) in gastric cancer patients, affecting the prognosis and clinical outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate MSS prevalence and oral nutritional supplements (ONS) efficacy. This study included a retrospective analysis of 761 gastric cancer patients post-resection to assess MSS prevalence/prognosis, and a prospective non-randomized trial enrolled 81 MSS patients comparing ONS (500 kcal/day ×4 wk) versus standard care.

Discovery and biochemical characterization of prenyltransferases in the biosynthetic pathway of hericenones from Hericium erinaceus.

Hericenones, neurotrophic meroterpenoids from the medicinal mushroom Hericium erinaceus, exhibit remarkable nerve growth factor-enhancing properties with therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative disorders. Biosynthesis of these compounds requires prenyltransferase (PT)-mediated geranylation of orsellinic acid (OA, 1), though the fungal enzymes catalyzing this pivotal step remain uncharacterised. Through comprehensive genome mining of H.

Observation of the interaction between Au- and CO2 in Au(CO2)n- anions: Physisorption as the dominant mechanism.

In this study, we investigated the structure and bonding of Au(CO2)n- (n = 2, 3) using photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, quantum chemical calculations, and weak interaction analysis. Quantum chemical calculations revealed that the geometries of the physisorbed structures closely aligned with experimental data, suggesting that these configurations were the most stable under the experimental conditions. Conversely, while chemisorbed structures exhibit stronger interactions and considerable CO2 activation, they show less agreement with the observed spectroscopic data.

Sandwich-like electrochemical immunosensing of IL-17 based on silver nanoparticles/graphdiyne and methylene blue/UiO-66-NH.

IL-17 (interleukin-17) is a common proinflammatory cytokine and can be adopted as an important biomarker for several diseases; it is thus very necessary to design an effective method for monitoring IL-17. Herein, by preparing silver nanoparticles/graphdiyne (Ag/GDY) with simple electroless deposition as the sensing platform and methylene blue/UiO-66-NH MOFs (MB/MOFs) as the signaling-amplifier, a highly efficient sandwich-like electrochemical immunosensing (SLEI) platform was designed for IL-17 detection. The superior electrical property, easy preparation, large surface area, and high stability of Ag/GDY make it a desirable substrate to immobilize primary antibody of IL-17.

Exploration of Potential Therapeutic Targets of Shentong Zhuyu Decoction for Ankylosing Spondylitis Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the potential active components and therapeutic targets of Shentong Zhuyu Decoction (SZD) in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) through network pharmacology and animal experiments.

Methods: Targets for AS and related pathways were obtained by network pharmacology, and the pathways with the best binding affinity in molecular docking were verified by animal experiments.

Results: The network pharmacology analysis found 248 chemical components, 1068 drug targets and 803 AS-related targets in SZD.

[Retracted] The AMPK‑mTOR axis requires increased MALAT1 expression for promoting granulosa cell proliferation in endometriosis.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.

Functional Characterization of Sesquiterpene Synthases and P450 Enzymes in for Biosynthesis of Spiro [4.5] Decane Terpene.

, a popular edible mushroom, contains sesquiterpenes with potential health benefits. We characterized 12 sesquiterpene synthases and one P450 enzyme in using as a heterologous expression system, culminating in the biosynthesis of 16 distinct sesquiterpene compounds. An enzyme encoded by the gene responsible for the synthesis of the spiro [4.

Biochemical characterization of a multiple prenyltransferase from Tolypocladium inflatum.

Prenylation plays a pivotal role in the diversification and biological activities of natural products. This study presents the functional characterization of TolF, a multiple prenyltransferase from Tolypocladium inflatum. The heterologous expression of tolF in Aspergillus oryzae, coupled with feeding the transformed strain with paxilline, resulted in the production of 20- and 22-prenylpaxilline.

Enhancing surface sensing performance of cascaded high contrast gratings using bound states in the continuum.

We proposed the cascaded high contrast grating (CHCG) structure to enhance surface sensing capabilities through bound states in the continuum (BICs). Utilizing the finite element method (FEM) and rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA), we studied the dispersion relations, far-field contribution CHCGs, and near-field distributions of BICs corresponding to resonance peaks at different wavelengths. Results demonstrate the ability to precisely control symmetry-protected BIC (SP-BIC) and Friedrich-Wintgen BIC (FW-BIC) resonance peaks by altering incident angles and structural parameters, enhancing structure robustness and tunability.

The impact of erythroblast enucleation efficiency on the severity of anemia in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.

Anemia is the most common manifestation in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients, but the cause of ineffective hematopoiesis is not fully understood. Enucleation is an important event in the maturation process of erythroblasts. According to a series of morphological phenotypes of the pathological development of MDS erythroblasts, we speculate that there may be enucleation disorders.

Fuzzy clustering algorithm for university students' psychological fitness and performance detection.

Students' psychological fitness is unavoidable, hindering personal development, social interactions, peer influence, and adolescence. Academic stress may be the most dominant factor affecting college students' mental well-being. Therefore, improving the monitoring of mental health issues among college students is a vital topic for study.

Plasma Exosomes Aggravate Acute Pancreatitis by Promoting M1 Polarization of Adipose Tissue Macrophages in Obesity-Related Severe Acute Pancreatitis.

Background And Aims: Obesity may be a risk factor for severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). However, its precise mechanism is not yet fully understood.

Methods: We fed rats with a standard laboratory diet (SLD) and a high-fat diet (HFD).

Dual-band refractive index sensor with cascaded asymmetric resonant compound grating based on bound states in the continuum.

We propose a cascaded asymmetric resonant compound grating (ARCG) for high-performance dual-band refractive index sensing. The physical mechanism of the sensor is investigated using a combination of temporal coupled-mode theory (TCMT) and ARCG eigenfrequency information, which is verified by rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA). The reflection spectra can be tailored by changing the key structural parameters.

High-efficient production of mushroom polyketide compounds in a platform host Aspergillus oryzae.

Background: Orsellinic acid (2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoic acid, OA) and its structural analog o-Orsellinaldehyde, have become widely used intermediates in clinical drugs synthesis. Although the research on the biosynthesis of such compounds has made significant progress, due to the lack of suitable hosts, there is still far from the industrial production of such compounds based on synthetic biology.

Results: With the help of genome mining, we found a polyketide synthase (PKS, HerA) in the genome of the Hericium erinaceus, which shares 60% amino acid sequence homology with ArmB from Armillaria mellea, an identified PKS capable of synthesizing OA.

Progress in pathogenesis research of Ustilago maydis, and the metabolites involved along with their biosynthesis.

Ustilago maydis is a pathogenic fungus that causes corn smut. Because of its easy cultivation and genetic transformation, U. maydis has become an important model organism for plant-pathogenic basidiomycetes.

A light-up fluorescence platform based DNA: RNA hybrid G-quadruplet for detecting single nucleotide variant of ctDNA and miRNA-21.

The nucleic acid assay is an area of great concern in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Here, we developed a DNA: RNA hybrid G-quadruplet (HQ) detection platform based on strand displacement amplification (SDA) and Baby Spinach RNA aptamer for single nucleotide variant (SNV) of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and miRNA-21. This was the first in vitro construction of HQ for the biosensor.

Structural and photoelectron spectroscopic study on the heterotrinuclear nickel-titanium dioxide carbonyl complexes NiTiO(CO) ( = 2-4).

Herein, the configurations and intrinsic electronic properties of heteronuclear transition metal dioxide carbonyl anions NiTiO(CO) ( = 2-4) in the gas phase were investigated using mass spectrometry coupled anionic photoelectron spectroscopy, calculations, and simulated density-of-state (DOS) spectra. The results clearly show that the binding of electrons is enhanced by the addition of CO. The ground state structures of NiTiO(CO) ( = 2-4) are characterized to show that three transition metal atoms (one Ti atom and two Ni atoms) forming a quasi-line is favored.

Double-layer symmetric gratings with bound states in the continuum for dual-band high- optical sensing.

Herein, we theoretically demonstrate that a double-layer symmetric gratings (DLSG) resonator consisting of a low-refractive-index layer sandwiched between two high-contrast gratings (HCG) layers, can host dual-band high-quality () factor resonance. We find that the artificial bound states in the continuum (BIC) and Fabry-Pérot BIC (FP-BIC) can be induced by optimizing structural parameters of DLSG. Interestingly, the artificial BIC is governed by the spacing between the two rectangular dielectric gratings, while the FP-BIC is achieved by controlling the cavity length of the structure.

Amino-functionalized multilayer TiCT enabled electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of Cd and Pb in food samples.

Herein, amino-functionalized multilayer titanium carbide (NH-TiCT) was developed and applied to electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of Cd and Pb. The NH-TiCT was prepared by grafting (3-amino-propyl) triethylsilane (APTES) onto the surface of TiCT. Its morphology, crystal structure and chemical composition were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

A novel electrochemical sensor for simultaneous detection of Cd and Pb by MXene aerogel-CuO/carbon cloth flexible electrode based on oxygen vacancy and bismuth film.

Herein, a novel MXene aerogel-CuO/carbon cloth (MXA-CuO/CC) electrochemical sensor was constructed, and the synergistic adsorption of heavy metal ions by oxygen vacancies and Bi (III) was investigated with Cd and Pb as detection targets. The oxygen vacancies of CuO have a strong affinity for heavy metal ions, which promoted the adsorption of Cd and Pb on the electrode surface. In addition, the introduced Bi (III) can form alloys with heavy metal ions, which effectively enhanced the adsorption capacity of sensing electrodes for Cd and Pb.

Efficient production of a cyclic dipeptide (cyclo-TA) using heterologous expression system of filamentous fungus Aspergillus oryzae.

Background: Cyclic dipeptides are an important class of natural products owing to their structural diversity and biological activities. In fungi, the cyclo-ring system is formed through the condensation of two α-amino acids via non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS). However, there are few investigations on the functional identification of this enzyme.

Genome sequencing of Inonotus obliquus reveals insights into candidate genes involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis.

Background: Inonotus obliquus is an important edible and medicinal mushroom that was shown to have many pharmacological activities in preclinical trials, including anti-inflammatory, antitumor, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant effects. However, the biosynthesis of these pharmacological components has rarely been reported. The lack of genomic information has hindered further molecular characterization of this mushroom.

Enhanced optical sensing performance in stacked resonant compound gratings.

We proposed a high-performance integrated optical sensor based on a stacked resonant compound grating (SRCG). The transmission spectrum of a SRCG is investigated by the theoretical model that combines the coupled mode theory with the eigenmode information of the grating structures. It is found that the spectral width of the SRCG is controlled by changing its structural parameters such as the strip depth, the period of the grating, and cavity length.

The Vancomycin Resistance-Associated Regulatory System VraSR Modulates Biofilm Formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis in an -Dependent Manner.

The two-component system VraSR responds to the cell wall-active antibiotic stress in Staphylococcus epidermidis. To study its regulatory function in biofilm formation, a deletion mutant (Δ) was constructed using S. epidermidis strain 1457 (SE1457) as the parent strain.

Ground-State Structures of Hydrated Calcium Ion Clusters From Comprehensive Genetic Algorithm Search.

We searched the lowest-energy structures of hydrated calcium ion clusters Ca(HO) ( = 10-18) in the whole potential energy surface by the comprehensive genetic algorithm (CGA). The lowest-energy structures of Ca(HO) clusters show that Ca is always surrounded by six HO molecules in the first shell. The number of first-shell water molecules changes from six to eight at = 12.