Myocardial cGMP-PKG1α dysregulation contributes to ventricular tachycardia pathogenesis in type II diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

Background: Type-II diabetes (DMII) and metabolic syndrome (MBS) increase ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death risk.

Objectives: Identify mechanisms through which DMII and MBS promote ventricular tachycardia (VT).

Methods: We performed programmed ventricular stimulation (PVS) on leptin receptor mutant (Db/Db) mice with DMII, high fat high sucrose (HFHS)-fed mice with MBS, and cGMP-dependent Protein Kinase 1α (PKG1α) leucine zipper mutant (LZM) mice, which have neither DMII nor MBS but have disrupted PKG1α signaling.

Broad neutralizing antibody response of a monomeric spike-based SARS-CoV-2 bivalent vaccine against diverse variants.

severeacute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) bivalent vaccines show potential against variants but lack a full understanding of the immunological mechanisms that drive broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). This study explored the immunogenicity of a bivalent vaccine in rhesus macaques, containing spike (S) proteins from the prototype (S) and chimeric S protein (S). The vaccine induced bnAbs against multiple variants, including challenging subvariants like EG.

Correction: Optineurin overexpression ameliorates neurodegeneration through regulating neuroinflammation and mitochondrial quality in a murine model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2025.

Patterns of domestication in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum): a perspective from multielement stoichiometry.

Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is one of the most important cash crops in the world, but few studies have investigated its chemical and physiological changes during domestication, especially changes in chemical element stoichiometry. We investigated the concentrations of 15 chemical elements (carbon, nitrogen, calcium, potassium, sulfur, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, silicon, manganese, boron, zinc, nickel, copper, and molybdenum) in the leaves of 41 genotypes of semiwild and domesticated upland cotton. Principal component analysis, network analysis and domestication effect analysis were used to explore the changes in multielement stoichiometry during the domestication of upland cotton.

Single-carrier single-drive two-tone optical stimulus generated by self-heterodyne interferometry for analyzing third-order intermodulation distortion (IMD3) of photodiodes.

A single-carrier single-drive two-tone method is proposed for analyzing the third-order intermodulation distortion (IMD3) of photodiodes (PDs) based on electro-optical self-heterodyne interferometry. A phase-modulated optical carrier is combined with its frequency-shifted replica as the practical optical stimulus for PD. Our method allows for a modulator-spurious-free analysis of PD by fully de-embedding the contribution of the wanted two-tone stimulus from that of the spurious harmonics in the overall stimulus, with the help of the Jacobi-Anger identity.

Hexavalent chromium exposure induces immune dysregulation and lung tissue neutrophil extracellular traps formation.

Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a known human carcinogen that is associated with environmental pollution and health risks. However, the relationship between its immunotoxicity and inflammation is still poorly understood. In this study, researchers used a mouse dynamic inhalation exposure system to simulate Cr(VI) occupational environments and conducted multi-organ immunological assessment along with lung tissue inflammatory profiling.

The Relationship between Interparental Conflict and Depressive symptoms Spanning from Childhood to Youth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Previous studies have presented diverse perspectives and inconsistent findings regarding the relationship between interparental conflict and depressive symptoms. The current study aimed to clarify the overall strength of the association between interparental conflict and depressive symptoms and its influencing factors. By analyzing 89 retrieved studies (106 effect sizes, 64462 participants) through a random-effects mode.

Wearable electrochemical immunosensor based on ultra-thin flexible stainless steel sheets for detection of methyl jasmonate in tomato leaves.

Methyl jasmonate (MeJA), a key plant hormone, plays essential roles in plant growth, development, biotic stress responses, and wound-induced defense. Monitoring dynamic changes in MeJA in situ is vital for botanical research. Herein, coupling with paper-based analytical devices, the ultra-thin flexible stainless steel sheets with the excellent flexibility and conductivity were used to develop wearable electrochemical immunosensor for in situ and continuous detection of MeJA in plants.

Elucidation of the Hemostatic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Walnut Shell Ethanol Extract by Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification.

Effective hemostatic and anti-inflammatory measures are essential for wound healing. In this study, Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) combined with network pharmacology was used to analyze the composition of walnut shell ethanol extract (WSEE), and in vivo and in vitro experiments elucidated its potential mechanisms of hemostatic and anti-inflammatory effects. The results showed that 45 components were identified from WSEE, and the NF-κB signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, etc.

In vivo Multimodal Magnetic Particle Imaging for Early Detection of Ischemic Stroke in Tree Shrews.

Purpose: Ischemic stroke is a significant threat to human life and health, and timely diagnosis is essential for improving patient outcomes. Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI), as an emerging high-sensitivity imaging technology, holds significant potential for the diagnosis of ischemic stroke. It is necessary to conduct multimodal MPI research based on the characteristics of the animal model and the detection needs of ischemic stroke.

A phosphoproteomic study uncovers the importance of PP2A-B56α in liver injury precipitated by NLRP3 activation during MC-LR exposure.

Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is one of the most typical cyanobacterial toxins threating the public health. Protein hyperphosphorylation by PP2A inhibition is a vital way of MC-LR to exert multiple toxic effects, yet the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which its inhibition precipitates injury remain incompletely understood. In this study, we developed an in vivo model for NLRP3 activation using MC-LR treatment in C57BL/6 mice, administering a daily oral gavage at a dosage of 0.

extract inhibited OVA-sensitized allergic asthma through PI3K/JNK/P38 signaling pathway and lipid homeostasis regulation.

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of Boriss. extract (HCE) in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma.

Methods: Components identification of HCE was conducted using ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry.

Glutamic Acid at Position 343 in PB2 Contributes to the Virulence of H1N1 Swine Influenza Virus in Mice.

The H1N1 swine influenza viruses CQ91 and CQ445, isolated from pigs in China, exhibited distinct virulence in mice despite sharing similar genomic constellations. CQ91 demonstrated higher pathogenicity (MLD: 5.4 log EID) and replication efficiency in mice compared to CQ445 (MLD: 6.

Mechanistic Insights into the Anti-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Effects of ACY-1215: p53 Acetylation and Ubiquitination Regulation.

As a major global health challenge, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still faces substantial limitations in its treatment options. This study investigates the anti-HCC potential of ACY-1215, a selective Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibitor, and its mechanism targeting p53 regulation. In vitro studies conducted with HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells revealed that ACY-1215 markedly inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migratory capacity, and invasive potential, as evidenced by CCK-8, colony formation, and Transwell assays.

Low-Frequency Microwave Absorption Composites.

Electromagnetic wave devices and components operating in the low-frequency band of 1-8 GHz (L, S, and C bands) are widely applied in wireless data communication systems, satellite radar, and other fields. However, traditional low-frequency microwave absorption materials (MAMs) suffer from issues such as large thickness, heavy weight, difficult impedance matching, insufficient low-frequency microwave loss, and poor environmental stability, severely limiting use and development. In recent years, researchers construct composite systems combining various types of loss, coupled with component adjustments and structural design strategies, significantly improving the impedance matching and multiple loss synergy effects for low-frequency MAMs.

Exploring the mechanism of metabolic cell death-related genes AKR1C2 and MAP1LC3A as biomarkers in Parkinson's disease.

There is a strong relationship between metabolic cell death (MCD) and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the involvement of metabolic cell death (MCD)-related genes (MCDRGs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis remains poorly analyzed. Integrating PD-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from GSE7621 with MCDRGs, we identified key biomarkers through protein-protein interaction networks and machine learning.

Exposure to ambient air pollution over developmental stages induced neurodevelopmental impairment in mice offspring via microbiome-gut-brain axis.

Exposure to air pollution has been increasingly recognized as a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders, and gut microbiome may play a critical role. However, current evidence still remains scarce. In the present study, mice were exposed to real-time ambient air pollution from conception through young adulthood, with neurobehavioral performance and gut microbiome being assessed across different developmental stages.

Extracellular vesicles from antler blastema progenitor cells reverse bone loss and mitigate aging-related phenotypes in mice and macaques.

Antler blastema progenitor cells (ABPCs) are a distinct population of skeletal mesenchymal stem cells found in regenerating deer antlers, with strong stemness and renewal capacity in vitro. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as potential therapeutic candidates that can mediate donor cells' beneficial effects. Here, we tested the effects of ABPC-derived EVs (EVs) on aging in mice and rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta).

Impact of Nanoparticle Stiffness on Endosomal Escape and Signaling Pathways in Cytosolic Delivery.

Viruses utilize stiffness tuning to enhance cell entry and uncoating, as cells can regulate the uptake process by sensing the mechanical stimulation of particles. The improved cytosolic delivery efficiency enhances the nanoparticle (NPs) accumulation in target sites, which is a prerequisite for achieving efficient treatment performance. However, the preparation of NPs with similar physicochemical properties but distinct stiffnesses is relatively limited, and the role of NP stiffness in intracellular distribution remains elusive.

Anticancer Quinolinol Small Molecules Target Multiple Pathways to Promote Cell Death and Eliminate Melanoma Cells Resistant to BRAF Inhibitors.

Small molecule inhibitors that target the E3 ligase activity of MDM2-MDM4 have been explored to inhibit the oncogenic activity of MDM2-MDM4 complex. MMRi62 is a small molecule that was identified using an MDM2-MDM4 E3 ligase-based high throughput screen and a cell-death-based secondary screen. Our previous studies showed that MMRi62 promotes MDM4 degradation in cells and induces p53-independent apoptosis in cancer cells.

Rice Canopy Disease and Pest Identification Based on Improved YOLOv5 and UAV Images.

Traditional monitoring methods rely on manual field surveys, which are subjective, inefficient, and unable to meet the demand for large-scale, rapid monitoring. By using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to capture high-resolution images of rice canopy diseases and pests, combined with deep learning (DL) techniques, accurate and timely identification of diseases and pests can be achieved. We propose a method for identifying rice canopy diseases and pests using an improved YOLOv5 model (YOLOv5_DWMix).

Effects of Lactation Lactoferrin Deficiency on Intestinal Microbiota in Different Mice Models.

Background/objectives: The establishment of early gut microbiota is crucial for host health. Lactoferrin (LF), which is present in breast milk, positively impacts gut microbiota composition. However, the effect of lactation LF on the establishment and composition of early gut microbiota in different disease models in adulthood remains unclear.

Integrative multiomics elucidate crotonylation-associated GCDH in Parkinson's disease pathogenesis via metabolome remodeling.

The pathophysiological significance of crotonylation and its metabolomic regulatory circuitry in Parkinson's disease (PD) remains elusive. We utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) frameworks combined with mediation analysis to establish causal links between crotonylation-associated genes and PD, while systematically delineating metabolite-mediated mechanisms. In this study, crotonylation-related genes were selected from the eQTLGen dataset, and their causal relationship with PD was assessed using two-sample MR analysis.

An Artificial Intelligence Pipeline for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: From Data to Treatment Recommendations.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses significant clinical challenges, including difficulties in early diagnosis and the complexity of treatment options. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are emerging as powerful tools to address these issues through a unified AI pipeline. This pipeline begins with data ingestion and preprocessing, integrating multimodal data such as imaging, genomic and clinical records.