Deep manifold learning reveals hidden developmental dynamics of a human embryo model.

In this study, postimplantation human epiblast and amnion development are modeled using a stem cell-based embryoid system. A dataset of 3697 fluorescent images, along with tissue, cavity, and cell masks, is generated from experimental data. A computational pipeline analyzes morphological and marker expression features, revealing key developmental processes such as tissue growth, cavity expansion, and cell differentiation.

Tissue-specific responses to TFAM and mtDNA copy number manipulation in prematurely ageing mice.

Somatic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are implicated as important drivers of ageing and age-related diseases. Their pathological effect can be counteracted by increasing the absolute amount of wild-type mtDNA via moderately upregulating TFAM, a protein important for mtDNA packaging and expression. However, strong TFAM overexpression can also have detrimental effects as it results in mtDNA hypercompaction and subsequent impairment of mtDNA gene expression.

Redispersible CuO nanoparticles: preparation and photocatalytic capacity for the degradation of methylene blue.

In this study, redispersible copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) with an average size of 92.18 nm were synthesized using ethylene glycol as a complexing agent and sodium poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid--maleic acid) as a stabilizer. The CuO NP dispersion remained stable for 30 days.

Synthesis Strategies and Multi-field Applications of Nanoscale High-Entropy Alloys.

Alloying strategies have proven effective in enhancing the properties of metallic materials. However, conventional alloying strategies face significant limitations in preparing nanoscale multi-alloys and continuous optimizing surface-active sites. High-entropy alloys (HEAs) display a broader spectrum of unique properties due to their complex electron distribution and atomic-level heterogeneity arising from the stochastic mixing of multiple elements, which provides a diverse array of binding sites and almost continuous distribution of binding energies.

A smartphone sensing colorimetric detection of ascorbic acid in fruit samples based on CuFe(CN)@PVP nanozyme.

Prussian blue analogue nanozymes (PBANZs) have been widely employed in the colorimetric detection of various organic small molecules due to their peroxidase-like activity. However, the practical applications of PBANZ are limited by its narrow operating pH range, insufficient catalytic activity, and poor stability. In this study, we synthesized a novel CuFe(CN)@PVP PBA nanozyme (Cu-PBANZ) using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a capping ligand.

Adsorption behavior and mechanism of aqueous organic contaminants on β-cyclodextrin polymer.

The β-cyclodextrin polymer, synthesized using tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile (TFPN-β-CD), was employed for the adsorption of ten organic contaminants in water. Among them, methylene blue (MB), bisphenol A (BPA), tetracycline, and kaempferol exhibited superior adsorption efficiency and were selected for detailed investigation. Toth isotherm model appropriately described the adsorption process of TFPN-β-CD with MB, BPA, tetracycline and kaempferol compared with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models.

Pd-catalyzed domino Heck cyclization/cross-coupling of indoles with β-chlorovinyl ketones: synthesis of furan-bearing indolo[2,1-]isoquinolines with antifungal activity.

Herein, a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling cascade cyclization of alkene-tethered indoles and ()-β-chlorovinyl ketones, providing access to various furan-bearing indolo[2,1-]isoquinolines, is reported. The reaction enables the rapid construction of one C-O bond and two C-C bonds to form bis-heterocycles. Furthermore, these furan-bearing indolo[2,1-]isoquinolines exhibited certain antifungal activity .

Nanocluster-Induced Liquid-like Precursor Formation and Crystallization: In Situ Visualization and 3D Reconstruction.

Revealing the crystallization mechanism of inorganic materials modulated by organic molecules has broad implications in biomineralization, crystallography, and materials science. However, directly visualizing the participation of organic molecules in the inorganic materials' crystallization process remains a significant challenge. Here, we introduce carboxyl-functionalized gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) as an alternative to polymers for investigating CaCO crystallization via the transient "Au NCs-induced liquid precursor" phase, similar to "polymer-induced liquid precursor".

Dumbbell-Shaped Au@CeO Metal-Semiconductor Heteronanocrystals for Photothermal Catalysis of Organophosphate Degradation.

Plasmonic metal and semiconductor heterostructures have recently emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the rate of catalyzed reactions. However, most research has predominantly focused on plasmon-induced hot electron transfer mediated by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), while the photothermal effects of plasmonic metals have been largely underexplored. In this study, a dumbbell-shaped Au nanobipyramids (AuNBPs)/CeO heterojunction with superior photothermal properties was designed as a catalytic platform for the hydrolysis of organophosphorus compounds and the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (p-NP).

Buried Interface Modulation Using Self-Assembled Monolayer and Ionic Liquid Hybrids for High-Performance Perovskite and Perovskite/CuInGaSe Tandem Photovoltaics.

Effective modifications for the buried interface between self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) and perovskites are vital for the development of efficient, stable inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and their tandem photovoltaics. Herein, an ionic-liquid-SAM hybrid strategy is developed to synergistically optimize the uniformity of SAMs and the crystallization of perovskites above. Specifically, an ionic liquid of 1-butyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-iumbis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide (BMIMTFSI) is incorporated into the SAM solution, enabling reduced surface roughness, improved wettability, and a more evenly distributed surface potential of the SAM film.

Inhibition of α-Synuclein Misfolding into β-Sheet Domains on Medium-Sized Gold Nanoclusters: Evidence from Enhanced Sampling MD Simulations.

Targeting Parkinson's disease (PD) related protein, α-synuclein (αS), via gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) has received considerable attention in PD treatments, but its molecular basis on the initial interactions between αS and AuNCs remains elusive due to the absence of a unique secondary structure of αS chains. Here, at the single-cluster level, we incorporate well-tempered metadynamics simulations to explore the structural and thermodynamic characteristics of the full length αS adsorbed on different-sized AuNCs (Au, = 25, 36, 44, 68, 102) with modeled thiolated ligands (Au@Lig). The conformational landscapes of αS indicate that uncharged Au@SCHOH chaperones the native intrinsically disordered conformations of αS, while negatively and positively charged AuNCs greatly increase the likelihood of forming intramolecular β-sheet domains, which are necessary for αS fibrillation and are a hallmark of PD.

Accessing Furan-Linked Methylene Oxindoles/Benzofurans via Stereoselective Palladium-Catalyzed Domino Cyclization/Cycloisomerization.

A palladium-catalyzed domino cyclization/cycloisomerization reaction of alkyne-tethered carbamoyl chlorides with ()-β-chloroenones is reported. This reaction proceeds via a -carbopalladation of the alkyne, followed by a vinyl-Pd-catalyzed cycloisomerization of the ()-β-chloroenone cascade, which provides an efficient method to synthesize furan-linked methylene oxindoles. The reaction features stereodefined vinyl-Pd species, high to excellent 5-exo/6-endo selectivity, excellent / selectivity, and the sequential formation of three bonds and bis-heterocycles.

Bibliometric analysis of research on the utilization of nanotechnology in diabetes mellitus and its complications.

To identify hotspots in this field and provide insights into future research directions. Publications were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. R Bibliometrix software, VOSviewer and CiteSpace were used to perform the bibliometric and visualization analyses.

Engineering Core/Ligands Interfacial Anchors of Nanoparticles for Efficiently Inhibiting Both Aβ and Amylin Fibrillization.

Accurate construction of artificial nano-chaperones' structure is crucial for precise regulation of protein conformational transformation, facilitating effective treatment of proteopathy. However, how the ligand-anchors of nano-chaperones affect the spatial conformational changes in proteins remains unclear, limiting the development of efficient nano-chaperones. In this study, three types of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with different core/ligands interface anchor structures (Au─NH─R, Au─S─R, and Au─C≡C─R, R = benzoic acid) are synthesized as an ideal model to investigate the effect of interfacial anchors on Aβ and amylin fibrillization.

Palladium-Catalyzed Domino Heck/Cross-Coupling Cyclization Reaction: Diastereoselective Synthesis of Furan-Containing Indolines.

Herein, a palladium-catalyzed diastereoselective dearomatization/cross-coupling cyclization reaction between -arylacyl indoles and ()-β-chlorovinyl ketones is reported. Through this cyclization/cycloisomerization cascade, a series of furan-containing indolines were obtained in yields up to 95%. The reaction features readily accessible starting materials, benzyl Pd(II)-catalyzed cycloisomerization of ()-β-chlorovinyl ketones, the sequential formation of three bonds and bis-heterocycles, and excellent diastereoselectivity.

Charge Effect of Mercaptobenzimidazole-Modified Ultrasmall Gold-Nanoparticles against Drug-Resistant Bacteria.

The threat of bacterial infections, especially drug-resistant strains, to human health necessitates the development of high-efficient, broad-spectrum and nonantibiotic nanodisinfectant. However, the effect of interfacial charge on the antibacterial properties of nanodisinfectant remains a mystery, which greatly limits the development of highly antibacterial active nanodisinfectant. Herein, we developed three types of ultrasmall ( < 3 nm) gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs) modified with 5-carboxylic(C)/methoxy(M)amino(A)/-2-mercaptobenzimidazole (C/M/A MB) to investigate their interfacial charge on antibacterial performance.

Flexibility Analysis of DNA Nanotubes with Prescribed Circumferences and Their Pearl-Necklace Assemblies with Gold Nanoclusters.

DNA has been demonstrated as a powerful platform for the construction of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) into complex three-dimensional assemblies. Despite extensive research, the physical fundamental details of DNA nanostructures and their assemblies with NPs remain obscure. Here, we report the identification and quantification of the assembly details of programmable DNA nanotubes with monodisperse circumferences of a 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 10 DNA helix and their pearl-necklace-like assemblies with ultrasmall gold nanoparticles, Au nanoclusters (AuNCs), liganded by -S(CH)NH ( = 3, 6, 11).

Distributed Consensus Kalman Filter Design with Dual Energy-Saving Strategy: Event-Triggered Schedule and Topological Transformation.

In the distributed information fusion of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the filtering accuracy is commonly negatively correlated with energy consumption. Therefore, a class of distributed consensus Kalman filters was designed to balance the contradiction between them in this paper. Firstly, an event-triggered schedule was designed based on historical data within a timeliness window.

Modeling and Parameter Identification of a 3D Measurement System Based on Redundant Laser Range Sensors for Industrial Robots.

The low absolute positioning accuracy of industrial robots is one of the bottlenecks preventing industrial robots from precision applications. Kinematic calibration is the main way to improve the absolute positioning accuracy of industrial robots, which greatly relies on three-dimensional (3D) measurement instruments, including laser trackers and pull rope mechanisms. These instruments are costly, and their required intervisibility space is large.

Gold Nanoclusters Enhance the Efficacy of the Polymer-Based Chaperone in Restoring and Maintaining the Native Conformation of Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide.

The misfolding and un-natural fibrillation of proteins/peptides are associated with many conformation diseases, such as human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Inspired by molecular chaperones maintaining protein homeostasis , many polymer-based artificial chaperones were introduced to regulate protein/peptide folding and fibrillation. However, the pure polymer chaperones prefer to agglomerate into large-size micelles in the physiological environment and thus lose their chaperone functions, which greatly restricts the application of polymer-based chaperones.

The role of hypothalamic endoplasmic reticulum stress in schizophrenia and antipsychotic-induced weight gain: A narrative review.

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a serious mental illness that affects 1% of people worldwide. SCZ is associated with a higher risk of developing metabolic disorders such as obesity. Antipsychotics are the main treatment for SCZ, but their side effects include significant weight gain/obesity.

Advances of gold nanoclusters for bioimaging.

Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) have become a promising material for bioimaging detection because of their tunable photoluminescence, large Stokes shift, low photobleaching, and good biocompatibility. Last decade, great efforts have been made to develop AuNCs for enhanced imaging contrast and multimodal imaging. Herein, an updated overview of recent advances in AuNCs was present for visible fluorescence (FL) imaging, near-infrared fluorescence (NIR-FL) imaging, two-photon near-infrared fluorescence (TP-NIR-FL) imaging, computed tomography (CT) imaging, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and photoacoustic (PA) imaging.

NLRP3/Caspase-1-Mediated Pyroptosis of Astrocytes Induced by Antipsychotics Is Inhibited by a Histamine H1 Receptor-Selective Agonist.

Emerging data indicate that antipsychotic treatment causes brain volume loss and astrocyte death, but the mechanisms remain elusive. Pyroptosis, inflammatory cell death characterized by the formation of inflammatory bodies, increased expression of nod-like receptor proteins (NLRPs) such as NLRP3, and activation of caspases and gasdermin D (GSDMD) are largely associated with innate immunity, inflammation, and cell injury/death. However, the main effect of antipsychotics on astrocyte pyroptotic signaling and the molecular mechanisms remain obscure.

High efficiency and related mechanism of Au(RC) nanoclusters on disaggregating Aβ fibrils.

Revealing the disaggregating mechanism of amyloids fibrils under nanomaterials action is a key issue for their successful future use in therapy of neurodegenerative and overall amyloid-related diseases. Herein a gold nanocluster stabilized by Arg-Cys dipeptide (Au(RC)NCs) was synthesized to investigate its disaggregation activity toward Aβ fibrils by using Thioflavin-T (ThT) fluorescence assay and atomic force microscopy. It was demonstrated that Au(RC)NCs is very effective in disaggregating preformed Aβ fibrils, and characterized by the ultra-low apparent completely disaggregation concentration at the dose of 10 μg·mL.