Midazolam negatively regulates STING trafficking and activation and protects against Listeria monocytogenes infection in vivo.

The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) plays a critical role in innate immunity, where precise regulation of its activity is essential for pathogen clearance and avoiding harmful immune responses. The development of STING inhibitors has been proposed to alleviate a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. In this study, using cell line models, we demonstrate that midazolam, a commonly used anesthetic, inhibited STING signaling in macrophages and epithelial-derived cell lines.

Screening drought tolerance in potato germplasm resources in the northwestern region of China.

Background: Drought is one of the major factors affecting the growth and development of potatoes. Screening drought-tolerant potato germplasm is of great significance for drought tolerance research and the utilization of drought-tolerant germplasm resources.

Results: In this study, a two-year field evaluation of drought tolerance was conducted on 31 potato germplasm resources from 2023 to 2024.

Simulation and Modeling Thrombotic Occlusion in Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters.

Objective: To simulate thrombotic occlusion of catheters and develop a model for thrombotic occlusion in peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC), providing a framework for research on catheter occlusion and post-occlusion recanalization.

Methods: Following preparatory steps prior to modeling, sterile anticoagulant bovine blood was drawn and injected into the PICC. Subsequently, the catheter tip was clamped and left to stand for 72 h.

Efficacy of MARPE in adolescent maxillary expansion: Suture correlation and clinical outcomes.

Objective: The aim of this paper was to explore the correlation between anchorage screw-assisted expansion and the maxillary suture in the treatment of adolescents with rapid maxillary expansion (RME) using miniscrew anchorage.

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 adolescent patients with narrow maxillary arches, treated in the orthodontic department of our hospital from March 2021 to September 2022 and who underwent implant-assisted rapid maxillary expansion technology, were recruited for this study. The patients were divided into two groups: the control group (n = 30), who received traditional expansion technology, and the observation group (n = 30), who received Micro-Screw Anchorage Rapid Maxillary Expansion (MARPE) technology.

Lipocalin 2 mediates kidney function abnormalities induced by ischemic stroke in mice: Involvement of neural pathways.

Background: Kidney function abnormalities is a common complication following ischemic stroke. Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is currently a well-recognized specific biomarker of tubular injury. However, the role of LCN2 in kidney function abnormalities following stroke remains elusive.

Expression profiles and potential roles of microRNAs in erythrocytes during the aging process.

Studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) in red blood cells (RBCs) contribute most of the miRNAs in whole blood, and miRNAs in RBCs are closely related to storage lesions in vitro. However, the role of miRNAs in the process of RBC senescence in vivo remains unclear. We conducted a comprehensive miRNA expression analysis of RBCs collected from enriched mature RBCs in five density layers.

A topical Chinese herbal inhibits pruritus and skin inflammation via neural TRPM8 in atopic dermatitis.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, itchy, and inflammatory skin disease. The neuroimmune concept of itch involves aberrant immune responses and neural activities. Chinese herbal medicine has been demonstrated to alleviate AD symptoms, but the underlying mechanisms remain not fully understand.

Synchronicity of pyramidal neurones in the neocortex dominates isoflurane-induced burst suppression in mice.

Background: Anaesthesia-induced burst suppression signifies profound cerebral inactivation. Although considerable efforts have been directed towards elucidating the electroencephalographic manifestation of burst suppression, the neuronal underpinnings that give rise to isoflurane-induced burst suppression are unclear.

Methods: Electroencephalography combined with micro-endoscopic calcium imaging was used to investigate the neural mechanisms of isoflurane-induced burst suppression.

Protocol for prognosticating PPD using EEG changes during labor pain by uterine contractions: a prospective cohort study in the first stage of labor.

Background: Lack of motivation and behavioral abnormalities are the hallmarks of postpartum depression (PPD). Severe uterine contractions during labor are pain triggers for psychiatric disorders, including PPD in women during the puerperium. Creating biomarkers to monitor PPD may help in its early detection and treatment.

Sensory neuroimmune signaling in the pathogenesis of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis.

Background: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are life-threatening cutaneous reactions often triggered by medications. While the involvement of CD8 T cells causing keratinocyte death is well recognized, the contribution of neural elements to the persistent skin inflammation has been largely overlooked.

Objective: We investigated the potential neuroimmune regulation in SJS/TEN.

Anesthetics in pathological cerebrovascular conditions.

The increasing prevalence of pathological cerebrovascular conditions, including stroke, hypertensive encephalopathy, and chronic disorders, underscores the importance of anesthetic considerations for affected patients. Preserving cerebral oxygenation and blood flow during anesthesia is paramount to prevent neurological deterioration. Furthermore, protecting vulnerable neurons from damage is crucial for optimal outcomes.

The Microstructure and Properties of Ni60/60% WC Wear-Resistant Coatings Prepared by Laser-Directed Energy Deposition.

Ni60/60% WC composite coatings with a good surface roughness and high mechanical properties were successfully prepared on 316L stainless steel substrate by laser-directed energy deposition (LDED) technology. The effects of laser power on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the Ni60/60% WC composite coating were investigated. The relationships between the chemical composition, the microstructure, the hardness, and the friction wear resistance of the composite coatings were characterized and investigated.

Effect of Laser Power on Microstructure and Properties of WC-12Co Composite Coatings Deposited by Laser-Based Directed Energy Deposition.

During the laser-based directed energy deposition (DED-LB) processing, a WC-12Co composite coating with high hardness and strong wear resistance was successfully prepared on a 316L stainless steel substrate by adopting a high-precision coaxial powder feeding system using a spherical WC-12Co composite powder, which showed a large number of dendritic carbides and herringbone planar crystals on the substrate-binding interface. The influences of laser power on microstructural and mechanical properties (e.g.

Divergent sensory pathways of sneezing and coughing.

Sneezing and coughing are primary symptoms of many respiratory viral infections and allergies. It is generally assumed that sneezing and coughing involve common sensory receptors and molecular neurotransmission mechanisms. Here, we show that the nasal mucosa is innervated by several discrete populations of sensory neurons, but only one population (MrgprC11MrgprA3) mediates sneezing responses to a multitude of nasal irritants, allergens, and viruses.

A Neuron-Mast Cell Axis Regulates Skin Microcirculation in Diabetes.

Changes in microcirculation lead to the progression of organ pathology in diabetes. Although neuroimmune interactions contribute to a variety of conditions, it is still unclear whether abnormal neural activities affect microcirculation related to diabetes. Using laser speckle contrast imaging, we examined the skin of patients with type 2 diabetes and found that their microvascular perfusion was significantly compromised.

Corrigendum: Involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress in trigeminal ganglion corneal neuron injury in dry eye disease.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.

Inhibition of PARP1 improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction via up-regulated NLRC5.

The incidence and mortality rate of myocardial infarction are increasing per year in China. The polarization of macrophages towards the classically activated macrophages (M1) phenotype is of utmost importance in the progression of inflammatory stress subsequent to myocardial infarction. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1(PARP1) is the ubiquitous and best characterized member of the PARP family, which has been reported to support macrophage polarization towards the pro-inflammatory phenotype.

Evaluation of bioequivalence and safety analysis of capecitabine tablets and Xeloda® under postprandial dosing conditions in Chinese patients with solid tumor.

Objectives: To compare the pharmacokinetic and safety of the test group capecitabine tablets (0.5 g) and the reference group capecitabine tablets (0.5 g).

A novel TWIK2 channel inhibitor binds at the bottom of the selectivity filter and protects against LPS-induced experimental endotoxemia in vivo.

TWIK2 channel plays a critical role in NLRP3 inflammasome activation and mice deficient in TWIK2 channel are protected from sepsis and inflammatory lung injury. However, inhibitors of TWIK2 channel are currently in an early stage of development, and the molecular determinants underlying the chemical modulation of TWIK2 channel remain unexplored. In this study, we identified NPBA and the synthesized derivative NPBA-4 potently and selectively inhibited TWIK2 channel by using whole-cell patch clamp techniques.

Pain and itch coding mechanisms of polymodal sensory neurons.

Pain and itch coding mechanisms in polymodal sensory neurons remain elusive. MrgprD neurons represent a major polymodal population and mediate both mechanical pain and nonhistaminergic itch. Here, we show that chemogenetic activation of MrgprD neurons elicited both pain- and itch-related behavior in a dose-dependent manner, revealing an unanticipated compatibility between pain and itch in polymodal neurons.

Neural Regulation of Innate Immunity in Inflammatory Skin Diseases.

As the largest barrier organ of the body, the skin is highly innervated by peripheral sensory neurons. The major function of these sensory neurons is to transmit sensations of temperature, pain, and itch to elicit protective responses. Inflammatory skin diseases are triggered by the aberrant activation of immune responses.