Community volunteer participation and its determinants during respiratory infectious disease outbreaks in China: A cross-sectional study across multiple provinces.

Background: Community volunteering plays a crucial role in strengthening public health emergency response, particularly during respiratory infectious disease outbreaks. However, limited research has examined the extent of resident participation and the factors influencing engagement in such efforts. This study investigated the prevalence and determinants of community volunteering during the COVID-19 pandemic and other respiratory infectious disease outbreaks in China.

Correction: Enhanced photothermal-ferroptosis effects based on RBCm-coated PDA nanoparticles for effective cancer therapy.

Correction for 'Enhanced photothermal-ferroptosis effects based on RBCm-coated PDA nanoparticles for effective cancer therapy' by Hongli Yu , , 2023, , 415-429, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2TB02329F.

A Novel Polysaccharide from Blackened Jujube: Structural Characterization and Immunoactivity.

Previously, research adopted an ultrasound-assisted extraction method to isolate crude polysaccharide from blackened jujube, followed by preliminary structural identification of the purified polysaccharide (BJP). This manuscript analyzed the accurate structure and immunomodulatory activity of BJP. Further structural identification indicated that BJP was mainly composed of →3)-α-L-Ara-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Ara-(1→, →3)-β-D-GalA-(1→, →2,4)-β-D-Gal-(1→, →4)-β-D-GalA-(1→, →3)-α-L-Rha-(1→ and →3,4)-α-L-Rha-(1→.

Intermittent fasting ameliorates resistant hypertension through modulation of gut microbiota.

Resistant hypertension (RH) remains a major cardiovascular challenge despite optimal pharmacological treatment. Intermittent fasting (IF) has demonstrated beneficial effects in various diseases, but its impact on RH and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we explored the effects of a 2 week IF regimen (16 h fasting/8 h eating) on RH patients and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) resistant to antihypertensive drugs.

N-palmitoyl glycine mediates depression-associated atrial fibrillation via Man1a2-dependent autophagy and NRAP dysregulation.

Aims: Although many large-scale clinical studies have confirmed that depression is an independent risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF), the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the pathogenesis of depression-associated AF.

Methods And Results: The chronic unpredictable mild stress model of depression was established.

PFKM-Driven Lactate Overproduction Promotes Atrial Fibrillation via Triggering Cardiac Fibroblasts Histone Lactylation.

Increasing evidence has clarified that atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with enhanced glycolysis, leading to lactate accumulation. However, whether glycolysis promotes AF remains unknown, as does whether histone lactylation plays a role in its pathogenesis. In the study, spontaneous AF mice are established to monitor AF susceptibility and atrial substrates at different ages (3, 5, 7 months), indicating that enhanced glycolysis acts as a promoter during AF development by inducing atrial fibrosis.

Multi-Omics Analysis Provides Insights into a Mosaic-Leaf Phenotype of Astaxanthin-Producing Tobacco.

In metabolically engineered plants, the target products are usually uniformly distributed in the whole plant or specific tissues. When engineering tobacco to produce astaxanthin, a ketocarotenoid with strong antioxidant activity and multiple bioactivities, a scattered distribution of astaxanthin-producing regions was observed in a small portion of astaxanthin-producing tobacco plants, which caused mosaic-like red and green spots on the leaves (ASTA-mosaic). A physiological assay showed that the non-astaxanthin green region (Mosaic_G) had relatively higher chlorophyll content and better chloroplast structure than the astaxanthin-producing red region (Mosaic_R).

Digitally Assisted Single-Particle Tracking for Accurate Analysis of Complicated Cargo Transport Dynamics in Microtubule Networks.

Intracellular transport is a fundamental process crucial for cellular function, driven by the coordinated action of motor proteins that move cargo along microtubule tracks. Traditional tracking methods primarily focus on cargo trajectories, often overlooking rotational dynamics and their impact on cargo interactions with the complex microtubule network. To address this limitation, we introduced a digitally assisted single-particle tracking (dSPT) method that significantly advances the angular resolution of intracellular cargo dynamics.

Phosphorylation-dependent charge blocks regulate the relaxation of nuclear speckle networks.

Nuclear speckles (NSs) are viscoelastic network fluids formed via phase separation coupled to percolation (PSCP). Intermolecular crosslinks of SRRM2 lead to the emergence of system-spanning networks, although the physicochemical grammar governing SRRM2 PSCP remains poorly decoded. Here, we demonstrate that SRRM2 is extensively phosphorylated within the intrinsically disordered region (IDR), creating alternating charge blocks.

A new human-based offensive defensive optimization algorithm for solving optimization problems.

A novel human-inspired metaheuristic algorithm, termed Offensive Defensive Optimization, has been introduced to address single-objective optimization problems. This algorithm draws inspiration from the varied strategies utilized by players in board games, emulating and conceptualizing offensive and defensive behaviors within a hybrid search framework. The integration of mixed search behaviors facilitates a more efficient exploration and exploitation of the search space, thereby enhancing the algorithm's capability to surmount local minima.

Comparison of the diagnostic accuracy between F-FAPI-04 PET/CT and F-FDG PET/CT in the clinical stage IA of lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Fluorine 18-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (F-FAPI-04) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has shown promise for the visualization of advanced stage lung cancer. The accuracy of F-FAPI-04 compared with that of fluorine-18 labeled-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) in detecting early lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unknown. Taking the surgical pathology of pulmonary nodule as the gold standard, the diagnostic performance of stage IA LUAD were compared between F-FAPI-04 PET/CT and F-FDG PET/CT, and the correlation between F-FAPI-04 uptake and pathological characteristics of stage IA LUAD.

Microplastics and nanoplastics increase major adverse cardiac events in patients with myocardial infarction.

Microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) have implicated in cardiovascular disease in preclinical studies. Our objective is to investigate the relationship between MNPs in the coronary arteries and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in patients with myocardial infarction (MI).We conducted a prospective observational study involving patients undergoing coronary angiography for MI.

Jiawei Suanzaoren decoction for the treatment of perimenopausal insomnia: clinical observation and experimental study.

Background: Traditional Chinese medicine has a good clinical therapeutic effect on perimenopausal insomnia, Jiawei Suanzaoren Tang (JW-SZRT) has a significant therapeutic effect on people with yin deficiency and fire excess type insomnia.

Method: Firstly, 80 cases of perimenopausal yin deficiency and fire excess type insomnia were included in the study. The treatment group was treated with Jiawei Suanzaoren decoction, while the control group was treated with lorazepam for 4 weeks.

Engineering tobacco for efficient astaxanthin production using a linker-free monocistronic dual-protein expression system and interspecific hybridization method.

The high-value carotenoid astaxanthin is biosynthesized through a dual-enzyme-catalyzed cascade and is getting increased attention for engineered biosynthesis in plants. When developing astaxanthin-producing tobacco by expressing 2A-peptide-linked CBFD (carotenoid β-ring-4-dehydrogenase) and HBFD (carotenoid 4-hydroxy-β-ring-4-dehydrogenase) from Adonis aestivalis, this work discovered an in-enzyme splicing site at the N-terminus of HBFD that has potentials for multiple protein expression in plant using monocistronic cassette. Based on this finding, we generated astaxanthin-producing tobacco plants expressing a directly fused protein of CBFD and HBFD with a monocistronic cassette.

Lactobacillus gasseri prevents ibrutinib-associated atrial fibrillation through butyrate.

Background: Ibrutinib, a widely used anti-cancer drug, is known to significantly increase the susceptibility to atrial fibrillation (AF). While it is recognized that drugs can reshape the gut microbiota, influencing both therapeutic effectiveness and adverse events, the role of gut microbiota in ibrutinib-induced AF remains largely unexplored.

Method: Utilizing 16S rRNA gene sequencing, faecal microbiota transplantation, metabonomics, electrophysiological examination, and molecular biology methodologies, we sought to validate the hypothesis that gut microbiota dysbiosis promotes ibrutinib-associated AF and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Noncovalently Bridging Cell-Surface Proteins Using Synthetic Peptides to Modulate Cell Apoptosis.

Controlled high-order clustering of cell-surface proteins is an essential but unmatched regulatory mechanism in living systems for the modulation of cell behavior. Here, we present a strategy for generating extended and tunable one-dimensional clusters of death receptors on live cell surfaces by employing synthetic peptides to noncovalently bridging the proteins. The on-cell assembly process is validated through super-resolution fluorescence imaging and fluorescence lifetime imaging analyses.

Fluorescence lifetime imaging of human pancreatic lipase activity using a novel probe for early diagnosis of severe acute pancreatitis.

Severe Acute Pancreatitis, a serious condition caused by factors such as gallstones and chronic excessive alcohol consumption, with a very high mortality rate. Human pancreatic lipase (hPL) is a key digestive enzyme and abnormal activity levels of this enzyme are important indicators for diagnosing and monitoring pancreatic diseases. A fluorescent probe, LPP, has been developed to monitor the activity of hPL, especially in cases of SAP.

The impact of human capital misallocation on green economy efficiency: Empirical analysis of Chinese urban agglomerations.

This paper uses panel data of 260 prefecture-level cities from 2000 to 2019 to explore spatial characteristics such as spatiotemporal divergence and dynamic convergence based on measuring the level of human capital misallocation in Chinese cities and empirically tests the green development effect of human capital misallocation. The study finds that: ① the human capital misallocation levels of the country and the eight major urban agglomerations show a fluctuating downward trend. ② Divergences in human capital misallocation continue to narrow across the country and urban agglomerations, and the difference between inter-urban agglomerations is the primary source of regional difference.

Does exercise adherence during the COVID-19 pandemic contribute to improved subjective well-being? A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: This study aims to investigate whether exercise adherence and positive mental character significantly affect subjective well-being among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic and whether positive mental character plays a mediating role.

Methods: The study employed questionnaires, including the Exercise Adherence Scale, the Positive Mental Character Scale, and the Subjective Well-Being Scale, which were administered to students across seven universities in Henan Province, China. A total of 1,001 participants were analyzed in the final sample.

Homocysteine levels are associated with diabetes mellitus in Chinese with H-type hypertension.

Background/objectives: The study examined the association between homocysteine and diabetes mellitus in patients with H-type hypertension and assessed the possible effect modifiers.

Subjects/methods: This cross-sectional study included 1,255 eligible participants in the 'H-type Hypertension Management and Stroke Prevention Strategic International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Project' among rural Chinese people with H-type hypertension. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between homocysteine and diabetes mellitus.

Construction of a Multifunctional Upconversion Nanoplatform Based on Autophagy Inhibition and Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Chemotherapy for Antitumor Therapy.

Inhibition of autophagy increases the sensitivity of tumor cells to radiotherapy and chemotherapy and improves the therapeutic effect on tumors. Recently, photodynamic therapy (PDT) combined with chemotherapy has been proven to further improve the efficiency of cancer treatment. As such, combining autophagy inhibition with PDT and chemotherapy may represent a potentially effective new strategy for cancer treatment.

Exploring the protective association between COVID-19 infection and laryngeal cancer: insights from a Mendelian randomization study.

Introduction: Viral infections have been implicated as a risk factor for laryngeal cancer. Given the possible effects of Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the laryngeal tissue, we investigated the causal link between COVID-19 and laryngeal cancer using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

Methods: We utilized genetic data from the 5th Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) edition of the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative (published on January 18, 2021) and a large-scale laryngeal cancer GWAS comprising 180 cases and 218,612 controls of European ancestry.

Structural basis of the monkeypox virus mRNA cap N7 methyltransferase complex.

The global outbreak of Mpox, caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), has attracted international attention and become another major infectious disease event after COVID-19. The mRNA cap N7 methyltransferase (RNMT) of MPXV methylates the N7 position of the added guanosine to the 5'-cap structure of mRNAs and plays a vital role in evading host antiviral immunity. MPXV RNMT is composed of the large subunit E1 and the small subunit E12.

The Structural and Molecular Mechanisms of Translational Elongation Factor Proteins.

Targeting translation factor proteins holds promise for developing innovative anti-tuberculosis drugs. During protein translation, many factors cause ribosomes to stall at messenger RNA (mRNA). To maintain protein homeostasis, bacteria have evolved various ribosome rescue mechanisms, including the predominant trans-translation process, to release stalled ribosomes and remove aberrant mRNAs.