The effects and mechanisms of Shibing Xingnao formula in enhancing hippocampal synaptic plasticity in rats with vascular dementia.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Shibing Xingnao Formula (SBXNF) is a traditional Chinese herbal preparation that has been widely used in the management of early-stage dementia, demonstrating promising therapeutic outcomes in clinical settings.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of SBXNF on hippocampal synaptic plasticity in a rat model of vascular dementia (VD) and to explore its potential underlying mechanisms.

Materials And Methods: A VD model was established in rats using bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (2VO).

Research on related factors of hyperuricemia in high altitude area migrant population.

Background: Hyperuricemia, a prevalent metabolic disorder, is witnessing a global annual increase in incidence. The gout it triggers and its link to other chronic diseases pose a severe threat to human health. The unique natural environment of high-altitude regions, characterized by low oxygen partial pressure and cold climate, may exert a distinctive influence on human metabolism, thereby impacting the onset and progression of hyperuricemia.

Research progress on the adverse effects of high-altitude environment to the male reproductive system: a review study.

An increasing number of people are being exposed to high-altitude environments as they become more important in economic development, resource exploitation, and other areas. This review is focused on the impact of the high-altitude environment on the male reproductive system. In high-altitude areas, the unique conditions lead to complex and significant changes in male reproductive hormone levels.

Risk factors for decreased libido in men at high-altitudes: a cross-sectional study.

Background: High-altitude regions' harsh conditions like low oxygen can affect male reproductive health, yet few studies focus on male libido decline in these areas.

Aim: To investigate the prevalence of decreased libido in men at high-altitudes and identify its risk factors.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study a total of 447 men living at high-altitudes in Ali, Tibet were recruited.

Sugar phosphatases as biocatalysts for biomanufacturing: Recent advances and applications.

Phosphatases, the largest subgroup within the haloacid dehydrogenase (HAD) superfamily, catalyze the irreversible dephosphorylation of phosphate biomolecules. In in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystems, sugar phosphatases drive the pathways of phosphorylation, transformation (isomerization, epimerization, dehydrogenation, and/or transamination), and dephosphorylation towards product formation through irreversible and exothermic reactions. This process enables enzymatic cascades based on phosphorylation-dephosphorylation to overcome the thermodynamic limitations of traditional functional sugar production methods that rely on isomerases or epimerases, potentially leading to high theoretical conversion rates.

Bavachin suppresses proliferation of laryngopharyngeal cancer by regulating the STAT3 and MAPK signaling pathways.

The present study aimed to explore the underlying antitumor effects of bavachin on laryngopharyngeal cancer and . Tu212 and FaDu cells were cultured in the incubator. Cells were treated with 0.

Advances in research on the intestinal microbiota in the mechanism and prevention of colorectal cancer (Review).

The intestinal microbiota represents a diverse population that serves a key role in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its treatment outcomes. Advancements in sequencing have revealed notable shifts in microbial composition and diversity among individuals with CRC. Concurrently, animal models have elucidated the involvement of specific microbes such as , and in the progression of CRC.

The role of MMP-7 protein structure and PTH gene polymorphism in the clinical treatment of urinary tract stones: The influence of protein expression and serum calcium molecule concentration.

The formation mechanism of urinary stones is complex and involves many genetic and environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the structure of MMP-7 protein and its role in the formation of urinary calculi, and to analyze the influence of PTH gene polymorphism on the clinical treatment of urinary calculi. The specific region of PTH gene was amplified by PCR (polymerase chain reaction), and the gene polymorphism was detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (RFLP).

Crystal structure modulating performances for 213-nm GeO solar-blind photodetectors via DC reactive magnetron sputtering method.

Owing to the ultra-wide bandgap energy, high thermal conductivity, and ambipolar capability, GeO films are receiving great attention for potential applications in power devices and solar-blind photodetectors. However, the precise control of the crystal structure and optical property is a huge challenge due to close free formation energies of multiple phases, inhibiting the GeO based practical device applications. Here, we have fabricated quartz and rutile-GeO thin films utilizing the magnetron sputtering based synthetic strategy, which exhibit ultra-wide bandgap energies of 5.

Correlation between TCF7 and bladder cancer and feasibility of Erlotinib targeting in bladder cancer: Molecular mechanism and expression of TCF7 recombinant protein.

The primary objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the mechanism by which TCF7 recombinant protein operates, as well as to examine its expression patterns within bladder cancer cells. This research seeks to establish a new theoretical framework and provide experimental data that could advance the field of molecular targeted therapy for bladder cancer. Erlotinib, a well-known targeted therapy drug, was administered to the bladder cancer cells, and we evaluated its antitumor effects through various assays such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle analysis.

Hydroxysafflor yellow A attenuates the inflammatory response in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injured mice by regulating microglia polarization per SIRT1-mediated HMGB1/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Background: Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), an active component isolated from Carthamus tinctorius L., has demonstrated potent protective effects against cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Microglial polarisation plays a crucial role in I/R.

The effects of increased screen time on post-surgical pain and pain memory among children with sleep-disordered breathing.

Adenotonsillectomy procedures can provide effective relief to children affected by sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), but the post-adenotonsillectomy pain management remains challenging, and the most effective approach to managing postoperative pain in these cases remains uncertain. The use of electronic media as a form of distraction therapy aimed at mitigating postoperative pain in children, it is unknown whether increases in screen time can effectively reduce persistent postoperative pain intensity or the incidence of negatively biased pain memories. A total of 107 SDB children undergoing adenotonsillectomy were enrolled and divided into two groups.

CTSG restraines the proliferation and metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by blocking the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) is recognized as the sixth most prevalent cancer globally, with around 900,000 new cases diagnosed each year. The management of HNSC poses significant challenges due to its rising incidence and suboptimal treatment outcomes in many patients. Thus, understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms that drive the onset and advancement of HNSC is crucial in order to steer the creation of novel treatment strategies.

Enzymatic characterization of a thermostable 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from and its application for NADH regeneration.

Unlabelled: 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenases (6PGDHs) are widely existing as reduced cofactor (NADH/NADPH) regeneration biocatalysts. Herein, a thermostable 6PGDH from (Ht6PGDH) was overexpressed in and enzymologically characterized. Ht6PGDH exhibited exceptional stability and catalytic activity under high-temperature conditions, with an optimum temperature of 85 °C and the ability to maintain high activity for prolonged periods at 70 °C, which could be purified through a one-step heat treatment.

[Changes in intestinal flora associated with childhood sleep-disordered breathing and the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children].

To explore the interaction between pediatric sleep-disordered breathing（SDB）, the intestinal microbiota, and pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease（NAFLD）. A total of 63 non-obese children（47 children with SDB in the experimental group and 16 without SDB in the control group） were enrolled in this study. The liver function and degree of SDB were assessed in both groups.

Stoichiometric Regeneration of Biomimetic Nicotinamide Coenzyme Powered by Biomass Sugars via In Vitro Synthetic Enzymatic Biosystems.

Biomimetic nicotinamide coenzymes, including nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), have been demonstrated as promising low-cost alternatives to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (NAD(P)) in biocatalysis. Herein, to efficiently regenerate NMNH from NMN in vitro powered by biomass sugars, a thermophilic NADP-dependent glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Thermotoga maritima (TmG6PDH) was engineered to increase the activity toward NMN. The catalytic efficiency (k/K) of optimal mutant (TmG6PDH-R7) toward NMN increased by 71.

The activation of the HIF-1α-VEGFA-Notch1 signaling pathway by Hydroxysafflor yellow A promotes angiogenesis and reduces myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Unlabelled: Hydroxyl Safflower Yellow A (HSYA) is the primary bioactive compound derived from Safflower, which has been scientifically proven to possess anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and ameliorative properties against mitochondrial damage during acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI); however, its effects during the recovery stage remain unknown. Angiogenesis plays a crucial role in the rehabilitation process.

Aim Of The Study: The objective of this study was to investigate the long-term angiogenic effect of HSYA and its contribution to recovery after myocardial ischemia, as well as explore its underlying mechanism using non-targeted metabolomics and network pharmacology.

Enzymatic biosynthesis of D-galactose derivatives: Advances and perspectives.

D-Galactose derivatives, including galactosyl-conjugates and galactose-upgrading compounds, provide various physiological benefits and find applications in industries such as food, cosmetics, feed, pharmaceuticals. Many research on galactose derivatives focuses on identification, characterization, development, and mechanistic aspects of their physiological function, providing opportunities and challenges for the development of practical approaches for synthesizing galactose derivatives. This study focuses on recent advancements in enzymatic biosynthesis of galactose derivatives.

Curcumin-loaded pH-sensitive carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles for the treatment of liver cancer.

In this study, the pH-responsive API-CMCS-SA (ACS) polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) based on 1-(3-amino-propyl) imidazole (API), stearic acid (SA), and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) were fabricated for the effective transport of curcumin (CUR) in liver cancer. CUR-ACS-NPs with various degrees of substitution (DS) were employed to prepare through ultrasonic dispersion method. The effect of different DS on NPs formation was discussed.

Sustainable cellobionic acid biosynthesis from starch via artificial in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystem.

Cellobionic acid (CBA), a kind of aldobionic acid, offers potential applications in the fields of pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, and chemical industry. To tackle the high cost of the substrate cellobiose in CBA production using quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase, this study developed a coenzyme-free and phosphate-balanced in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystem (ivSEBS) to enable the sustainable CBA synthesis from cost-effective starch in one-pot via the CBA-synthesis module and gluconic acid-supply module. The metabolic fluxes of this artificial biosystem were strengthened using design-build-test-analysis strategy, which involved exquisite pathway design, meticulous enzyme selection, module validation and integration, and optimization of the key enzyme dosage.

Factors associated with the disease family burden of caregivers of myasthenia gravis patients in northwestern China: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) lose part of their working or living ability due to illness, and bring burden to caregivers. The purpose of this study was to explore the factors related to caregivers' disease family burden for MG patients in Northwest China.

Methods: The study utilized our Myasthenia Gravis database and distributed online questionnaires to both MG patients and their caregivers.

Knockdown of PRMT1 suppresses the malignant biological behavior of osteosarcoma cells and increases cisplatin sensitivity via c-Myc-mediated BCAT1 downregulation.

Increasing evidence indicated that protein arginine methyltransferase-1 (PRMT1) is an oncogene in multiple malignant tumors, including osteosarcoma (OS). The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanism of PRMT1 in OS. The effects of PRMT1 or BCAT1, branched-chain amino acid transaminase 1 (BCAT1) on OS cell proliferation, invasion, autophagy, and apoptosis in vitro were examined.

Biosynthesis of Lacto-N-biose I from starch and N-acetylglucosamine via an in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystem.

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are very distinctive components in human milk and are beneficial for infant health. Lacto-N-biose I (LNB) is the core structural unit of HMOs, which could be used for the synthesis of other HMOs. In this study, an ATP-free in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystem contained four thermostable enzymes (alpha-glucan phosphorylase from , UDP-glucose-hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase from , UDP-glucose 4-epimerase from , lacto-N-biose phosphorylase from ) were constructed for the biosynthesis of LNB from starch and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc).

A role of NR4A2 in Graves' disease: regulation of Th17/Treg.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the molecular pathogenesis of Graves' disease (GD).

Methods: The gene expression profile in CD4 T cells from GD patients and healthy controls were analyzed through mRNA-sequencing. The expression of NR4A2 was determined by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot.