The Causal Role of Gut Microbiota and Immune Cell Mediation in Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) are a diverse group of tumors arising from neuroendocrine cells, often characterized by slow growth and subtle symptoms, leading to advanced-stage diagnoses. The gut microbiota (GM) has been implicated in various gastrointestinal malignancies, but its relationship with GEP-NENs remains unclear.

Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the causal relationship between specific GM traits and GEP-NENs using Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis, and to explore the potential mediating role of immune cells in this relationship.

The role of peripheral innate immune cells in Alzheimer's disease progression.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and chronic neuroinflammation. While microglia and astrocytes dominate CNS immune responses, emerging evidence implicates peripheral innate immune cells (PIICs)-including neutrophils, monocytes, dendritic cells, NK cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs)-as critical modulators of AD pathogenesis. This review synthesizes recent advances linking PIIC-related genetic polymorphisms to AD susceptibility and progression.

Evaluation of [F]F-PTTP as a Positron Emission Tomography Radioligand for Imaging P2X7 Receptors in Epileptic Rats.

Patients with epilepsy often face significant challenges, with one-third of them being resistant to available antiseizure medications, leading to drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). The P2X7 receptor (P2X7R), a mechanistic and inflammatory biomarker, exhibits increased expression during epileptogenesis. P2X7R antagonists effectively reduce the severity of seizure and neuronal death, highlighting this receptor as a potential therapeutic target.

Highly flexible and multifunctional lyocell-basalt fiber filter media for high-performance air filtration.

Cellulose-based functionalized fabrics are emerging as promising air purification filter materials. However, limitations such as poor moisture resistance, low strength, and heat sensitivity are challenging in the practical application of fine particulate matter filtration. Here, we developed a flexible and multifunctional lyocell/basalt fiber (LC/BF) filter fabric using a wet-laid process, avoiding the need for additional binders.

MSH6 as a prognostic biomarker in bladder cancer and its correlation with immunity.

This study aims to investigate the role of MSH6 in the diagnosis and prognosis of bladder cancer and its association with immunity. Various analyses were conducted on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, and the results were validated using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The potential mechanism of MSH6 in bladder cancer was revealed using R tools, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis.

The pathogenic factor of ZC4H2-associated rare disorder is a postsynaptic regulator for synaptic activity and cognitive function.

The maintenance of excitatory synaptic activity is crucial for cognitive function and genetic mutations are responsible for the pathogenesis of related brain disorders. However, the roles of these pathogenic factors in synaptic dysregulation and cognitive malfunction are still poorly understood. In this study, a conditional knockout mouse model lacking -an X-linked gene implicated in ZC4H2-associated rare disorder (ZARD) -in forebrain excitatory neurons is generated and these mice exhibit cognitive malfunction, recapitulating the intellectual disability manifestation of ZARD.

Controllable Superlubricity of Ricinoleic Acid/Tungsten-Doped Amorphous Carbon Coating Composite System via Water Content.

Carbon-based coatings combined with ricinoleic acid exhibit exceptional lubrication and macroscale superlubricity, yet the influence of the water content remains insufficiently explored. In this paper, a tungsten-doped amorphous carbon coating/ricinoleic acid composite system was prepared, and superlubricity was achieved by controlling the water content in ricinoleic acid. When the water content is 13.

Development and Validation of Machine Learning-Based Marker for Early Detection and Prognosis Stratification of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease and is considered the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, triggering out adverse outcomes. A stacked multimodal machine learning model is constructed and validated for early identification and prognosis stratification of NAFLD by integrating genetic and clinical data sourced from 36 490 UK Biobank and 9 007 Nanfang Hospital participants and extracted its probabilities as in-silico scores for NAFLD (ISNLD). The efficacy of ISNLD is evaluated for the early prediction of severe liver disease (SeLD) and analyzed its association with metabolism-related outcomes.

Novel microbially transformed bile acids: Biosynthesis, structure, and function.

The roles of gut microbiota and microbially modified bile acids in human health have become widely recognized. In the last five years, various microbially modified bile acids (e.g.

Synthesis and characterization of a new Carbon-11 labeled positron emission tomography radiotracer for RIPK1 neuroimaging.

Receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) is a protein target that regulates necroptosis and immune responses. It plays an important role in inflammation and neurological diseases. RIPK1 inhibitor molecules have entered early clinical trials and have been used to treat neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and immune system diseases like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ulcerative colitis.

Fecal microbiota transplantation alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced osteoporosis by modulating gut microbiota and long non-coding RNA expression.

Purpose: To study whether fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can alleviate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced osteoporosis (OP) by regulating the composition and abundance of gut microbiota and the expression level of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) .

Methods: Twenty C57BL/6 mice were selected. Two mice were randomly designated as fecal donors, while the remaining mice were randomly divided into control group, LPS group, and LPS + FMT group.

Prkra dimer senses double-stranded RNAs to dictate global translation efficiency.

Double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs), known as conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns, activate the integrated stress response via interferon-induced protein kinase R (PKR), leading to global translation inhibition. However, the interferon system is inactive in pluripotent cells, leaving the mechanisms of dsRNA sensing and translational control unclear. In this study, we utilized early zebrafish embryos as a model of pluripotent cells and discovered a PKR-independent blockage of translation initiation by dsRNA stimulation.

Transgenerational thyroid hormone disruption in zebrafish induced by environmentally relevant concentrations of triclosan.

The use of triclosan (TCS)-containing disinfectants has become increasingly prevalent in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to a heightened presence of TCS in aquatic ecosystems. Thyroid hormones (THs), which are essential for numerous developmental and metabolic processes, are structurally similar to TCS, rendering it prone to exert endocrine-disrupting effects. In this study, we demonstrate that TCS can induce thyroid hormone disruption in zebrafish, with transgenerational consequences.

Synthesis and evaluation of TSPO-targeting radioligand [F]F-TFQC for PET neuroimaging in epileptic rats.

The translocator protein (TSPO) positron emission tomography (PET) can noninvasively detect neuroinflammation associated with epileptogenesis and epilepsy. This study explored the role of the TSPO-targeting radioligand [F]F-TFQC, an -trifluoromethyl ER176 analog, in the PET neuroimaging of epileptic rats. Initially, [F]F-TFQC was synthesized with a radiochemical yield of 8%-10% (EOS), a radiochemical purity of over 99%, and a specific activity of 38.

Food effects and pharmacokinetic evaluation of oral single-dose prednisone acetate and prednisolone in healthy Chinese subjects.

Background: To assess the food effects and pharmacokinetic profile of oral prednisone (test preparation,5 mg) and prednisolone tablets (reference preparation,5 mg) using a randomized, two-period, two crossover, single-dose, fast and fed trial in 48 (24 in fast, 24 in fed) healthy Chinese adult subjects.

Materials And Methods: In the trial, the plasma concentrations were determined at different time points up to 24 h and the pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed according to the concentration data by non-compartmental analysis using WinNonlin software. All laboratory parameters, vital signs and adverse events (AEs) were monitored and recorded under the supervision of the clinicians throughout the whole process of the study.

A solar-powered electrocoagulation process with a novel CNT/silver nanowire coated basalt fabric cathode for effective oil/water separation: From fundamentals to application.

Electrocoagulation (EC) has proven its high efficiency and environmental sustainability for treating several types of wastewaters. However, the primary drawbacks of the conventional EC process are the suitable electrode materials and the relatively high cost due to the requirement for electric energy. To overcome these practical challenges, this study investigated effective oil/water separation by a solar-powered electrocoagulation (SPEC) process using a novel highly conductive basalt fabric (BF) cathode.

A User Association and Resource Allocation Algorithm for UAV-Assisted Smart Grid.

Recently, massive intelligent applications have emerged for the smart grid (SG), such as inspection and sensing. To support these applications, there have been high requirements on wireless communication for the SG, especially in remote areas. To tackle these challenges, a UAV-assisted heterogeneous wireless network is proposed in this paper for the SG, where multiple UAVs and a macro base station collaboratively provide a wide range of communication services.

Cis-Regulatory Evolution of CCNB1IP1 Driving Gradual Increase of Cortical Size and Folding in primates.

Neocortex expansion has a concerted relationship with folding, underlying evolution of human cognitive functions. However, molecular mechanisms underlying this significant evolutionary process remains unknown. Here, using tree shrew as an outgroup of primates, we identify a new regulator which acquired its expression before the emergence of primates.

The effects of increased screen time on post-surgical pain and pain memory among children with sleep-disordered breathing.

Adenotonsillectomy procedures can provide effective relief to children affected by sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), but the post-adenotonsillectomy pain management remains challenging, and the most effective approach to managing postoperative pain in these cases remains uncertain. The use of electronic media as a form of distraction therapy aimed at mitigating postoperative pain in children, it is unknown whether increases in screen time can effectively reduce persistent postoperative pain intensity or the incidence of negatively biased pain memories. A total of 107 SDB children undergoing adenotonsillectomy were enrolled and divided into two groups.

Efficacy analysis of intermittent pneumatic compression combined with hyperthermia at different temperatures for prevention of deep vein thrombosis after simulated orthopaedic surgery in male rabbits.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the optimal combination mode of intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) when combined with hyperthermia (IPCH) at varying temperatures to prevent lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) following orthopedic surgery.

Methods: Hemodynamic data from a previous experiment on the physiological state and the IPCH (40°C) group were utilized as the control group. Twenty adult male white rabbits, weighing 2.

The E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF220 maintains hindbrain expression patterns through regulation of WDR5 stability.

The spatial and temporal linear expression of genes establishes a regional code, which is crucial for the antero-posterior (A-P) patterning, segmentation, and neuronal circuit development of the hindbrain. RNF220, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is widely involved in neural development via targeting of multiple substrates. Here, we found that the expression of genes in the pons was markedly up-regulated at the late developmental stage (post-embryonic day E15.

Association Between Pericoronary Fat Attenuation Index as Evaluated by Coronary Artery CT Angiography and Clinical Interventions in Lipid Management Among Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the pericoronary fat attenuation index (FAI), derived from coronary artery computed tomography angiography, and post-lipid management levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Additionally, the study investigates coronary inflammation across different lipid management strategies.

Methods: We selected a cohort comprising 521 CAD patients who met the inclusion criteria.

Traces of Bronze Age globalization in East Asia: Insights from a revised phylogeography of the Y-chromosome haplogroup Q1a1a-M120.

Objective: In this study, we aim to explore the genetic imprint of Bronze Age globalization in East Asia from a phylogeographic perspective by examining the Y-chromosome haplogroup Q1a1a-M120, and to identify key demographic processes involved in the formation of early China and the ancient Huaxia people.

Methods: Over the past few decades, we have collected the sequences of 347 Y chromosomes from the haplogroup Q1a1a-M120. These sequences were utilized to analyze and reconstruct a highly revised phylogenetic tree with age estimates.