Genome-wide identification and gene expression analysis of the malate dehydrogenase (MDH) gene family in .

Malate dehydrogenases are pivotal in plant metabolism and stress responses, yet their evolutionary dynamics and functional diversification in woody angiosperms remain underexplored. This study comprehensively characterized the MDH (EgMDH) gene family to elucidate its roles in development and environmental adaptation. We identified 14 genes and conducted phylogenetic, structural, and syntenic analyses to trace their evolutionary origins.

A comparative analysis of carcass traits and meat quality between Tibetan sheep and their three-way crossbred sheep.

Introduction: To improve meat yield and nutritional quality of Tibetan sheep of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Australian White and Small-tailed Han rams were introduced to crossbred with Tibetan sheep (Oura-type, O) ewes which possessed genetic homogeneity. The aim of this study was to compare growth conformation, meat quality, and further identified related candidate genes between Tibetan sheep and their three-way crossbreds (25% Australian White × 25% Small-tailed Han × 50% Oura-type Tibetan, AHO).

Methods: Fifteen 5.

Decoding PHR-Orchestrated Stress Adaptation: A Genome-Wide Integrative Analysis of Transcriptional Regulation Under Abiotic Stress in .

The phosphate starvation response (PHR) transcription factor family play central regulatory roles in nutrient signaling, but its relationship with other abiotic stress remains elusive. In the woody plant , we characterized 12 EgPHRs, which were phylogenetically divided into three groups, with group I exhibiting conserved structural features (e.g.

Strontium isotope mapping of elephant enamel supports an integrated microsampling-modeling workflow to reconstruct herbivore migrations.

Strontium isotope ratios (Sr/Sr) in dental tissues are widely used to study animal and human migration. However, questions remain regarding how different biological processes and sampling methods influence measured Sr/Sr and subsequent interpretations. We present a unique experiment with the known relocation history of a zoo elephant to evaluate the influence of biological turnover, tissue type, and sampling methods.

Intra-tooth stable isotope analysis reveals seasonal dietary variability and niche partitioning among bushpigs/red river hogs and warthogs.

How animals respond to seasonal resource availability has profound implications for their dietary flexibility and realized ecological niches. We sought to understand seasonal dietary niche partitioning in extant African suids using intra-tooth stable isotope analysis of enamel. We collected enamel samples from canines of red river hogs/bushpigs ( spp.

Phosphorus uptake, transport, and signaling in woody and model plants.

Phosphorus (P), a critical macronutrient for plant growth and reproduction, is primarily acquired and translocated in the form of inorganic phosphate (Pi) by roots. Pi deficiency is widespread in many natural ecosystems, including forest plantations, due to its slow movement and easy fixation in soils. Plants have evolved complex and delicate regulation mechanisms on molecular and physiological levels to cope with Pi deficiency.

Age trends of genetic parameters and genotype-by-environment interactions for growth traits of clones in South-China.

S.T. Blake, an important economic tree species, is widely cultivated as a raw material source for pulpwood, veneer plywood, and sawlog timber in southern China.

Adaptive foraging behaviours in the Horn of Africa during Toba supereruption.

Although modern humans left Africa multiple times over 100,000 years ago, those broadly ancestral to non-Africans dispersed less than 100,000 years ago. Most models hold that these events occurred through green corridors created during humid periods because arid intervals constrained population movements. Here we report an archaeological site-Shinfa-Metema 1, in the lowlands of northwest Ethiopia, with Youngest Toba Tuff cryptotephra dated to around 74,000 years ago-that provides early and rare evidence of intensive riverine-based foraging aided by the likely adoption of the bow and arrow.

Congenital trans-sellar trans-sphenoidal encephalocele: a systematic review of diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.

Purpose: Clinical presentations encompass respiratory, feeding issues, nasopharyngeal mass, meningitis, CSF leakage, craniofacial anomalies, and endocrine problems. Surgery is the primary treatment, transitioning from frontal craniotomy to endoscopic methods, offering improved outcomes. Yet, more studies are needed.

Identification and characterization of the cupin_1 domain-containing proteins in ma bamboo () and their potential role in rhizome sprouting.

Cupin_1 domain-containing protein (CDP) family, which is a member of the cupin superfamily with the most diverse functions in plants, has been found to be involved in hormone pathways that are closely related to rhizome sprouting (RS), a vital form of asexual reproduction in plants. Ma bamboo is a typical clumping bamboo, which mainly reproduces by RS. In this study, we identified and characterized 53 CDP genes and divided them into seven subfamilies.

A mathematical model for supercooling process and its application to frazil ice evolution.

The calculation of the number of ice crystals for the model of frazil ice evolution is very important and affects the whole frazil events. In this paper, the general formula for the number of frazil ice crystals was established considering secondary nucleation, flocculation, gravity and turbulent entrainment, and ice crystals by melting. Meanwhile, two physical processes of secondary nucleation and flocculation were expressed by introducing critical impact velocity and the probability of flocculation from previous models.

The role of transforming growth factor-β2 in cigarette smoke-induced lung inflammation and injury.

Aims: Transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) plays an important role in pleiotropic functions and has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive lung disease. The role of TGF-β2 in regulating cigarette smoke (CS)-induced lung inflammation and injury has not been investigated, and its underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Main Methods: Primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBECs) were treated with cigarette smoke extract (CSE), and the signaling pathway of TGF-β2 regulating lung inflammation was investigated.

Portable sensing devices for smart healthcare and prevention of lead poisoning.

Lead (Pb) poisoning can damage human bodies silently, without specific symptoms or conspicuous warning signs. To provide safe and user-friendly tools for detecting heavy metals at low concentrations, scientists have developed and optimized versatile biosensors. To practically employ the developed biosensors specific for Pb (eg, the optimized Met-lead 1.

Genome-Wide Identification of MIKCc-Type MADS-Box Family Gene and Floral Organ Transcriptome Characterization in Ma Bamboo ( Munro).

Most bamboos die after flowering, and the molecular mechanisms responsible for flowering is poorly understood. The MIKCc-type MADS-box family gene is involved in the flowering process. To explore the mechanism of the MIKCc-type MADS-box gene and phytohormone regulation in the flowering of Munro (), characterized by extremely rapid growth and widely cultivated woody bamboo, we initially did a genome-wide analysis of the MIKCc-type MADS-box gene in .

Comprehensive profiling of epigenetic modifications in fast-growing Moso bamboo shoots.

The fast growth of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) shoots is caused by the rapid elongation of each internode. However, the key underlying cellular processes and epigenetic mechanisms remain largely unexplored. We used microscopy and multi-omics approaches to investigate two regions (bottom and middle) of the 18th internode from shoots of two different heights (2 and 4 m).

Comparison of Pharmacokinetic Similarity, Immunogenicity, and Safety of Ustekinumab and BAT2206 in Healthy Chinese Male Subjects in a Double-Blind, Randomized, Single-Dose, Parallel-Group Phase I Trial.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the similarity of BAT2206 to its originator, ustekinumab, including pharmacokinetic profiles, immunogenicity, and safety in healthy Chinese male subjects.

Methods: This was a double-blinded, randomized, single-dose, parallel-group clinical trial, in which 270 healthy male subjects were enrolled to receive a single subcutaneous injection (45 mg) of either BAT2206 or ustekinumab (European Union or USA) at a 1:1:1 ratio. The pairwise pharmacokinetic similarities and the safety and immunogenicity of both drugs were evaluated and compared.

Smart healthcare: A prospective future medical approach for COVID-19.

COVID-19 has greatly affected human life for over 3 years. In this review, we focus on smart healthcare solutions that address major requirements for coping with the COVID-19 pandemic, including (1) the continuous monitoring of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, (2) patient stratification with distinct short-term outcomes (eg, mild or severe diseases) and long-term outcomes (eg, long COVID), and (3) adherence to medication and treatments for patients with COVID-19. Smart healthcare often utilizes medical artificial intelligence (AI) and cloud computing and integrates cutting-edge biological and optoelectronic techniques.

Hunter-Schreger Band configuration in human molars reveals more decussation in the lateral enamel of 'functional' cusps than 'guiding' cusps.

Objectives: Enamel prism decussation, which manifests as Hunter-Schreger Bands (HSB), is considered a mechanism to mitigate crack propagation. During the chewing cycle, the 'functional' cusps that are involved in Phase II crushing and grinding experience more complex patterns of stress than do those that 'guide' the molars into occlusion (Phase I). This study examines HSB configuration in the lateral enamel of human molars to identify potential differences between these cusps as predicted from their functional distinctions.