Advanced nanotherapies for precision treatment of inflammatory lung diseases.

Inflammatory lung diseases, particularly those associated with acute pulmonary inflammation, represent a major clinical challenge due to their high global morbidity and mortality rates, as well as the absence of effective and safe therapies. While traditional pharmacological interventions have been frequently used for managing acute inflammatory lung diseases, novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed to improve clinical outcomes. Recently, advanced nanotherapies have emerged as a promising paradigm for targeted treatment of inflammatory lung diseases, leveraging the unique pathophysiological features of acute pulmonary inflammation, characterized by excessive inflammatory mediator production and robust immune cell infiltration.

Zebrafish xenografts in breast cancer research.

Breast cancer (BC) tops the list of all malignancies diagnosed in women worldwide, with many patients diagnosed only at the metastatic stage. Current therapeutic paradigms integrating early detection modalities and multimodal treatment strategies have improved outcomes, yet persistent challenges in managing advanced/metastatic cases result in suboptimal 5-year survival rates. Therefore, it is imperative to develop novel therapeutic strategies for BC.

Cyclodextrin-Derived Macromolecular Therapies for Inflammatory Diseases.

Inflammation is an essential physiological defense mechanism against harmful stimuli, yet dysregulated inflammatory responses are closely associated with the pathogenesis of numerous acute and chronic diseases. Recent advances highlight the remarkable anti-inflammatory potential of bioactive macromolecules, particularly cyclodextrins (CDs) and their engineered derivatives, which are emerging as promising therapeutic agents. This review systematically introduces different CDs and CD-derived macromolecules that demonstrate anti-inflammatory properties, with emphasis on their molecular mechanisms of action.

Characteristic analysis of adverse reactions of histone deacetylase inhibitors based on WHO-VigiAccess.

Background: This study assessed the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with HDAC inhibitors using the VigiAccess database maintained by the World Health Organization (WHO). Furthermore, it compared the ADR profiles of three different drugs to identify the one with the lowest individualized risk for patients.

Materials And Methods: Data on adverse events of HDAC Inhibitors was retrieved from WHO-VigiAccess on 6 January 2025.

Interleukin-9 promotes EMT-mediated PM-induced pulmonary fibrosis by activating the STAT3 pathway.

This study investigated the impact of PM on promoting EMT in PM-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF) development and explored molecular mechanisms of the IL-9/STAT3/Snail/TWIST1 signaling pathway in PF owing to PM. Four groups of male SD rats were formed: control (0 mg/kg.bw), low (1 mg/kg.

A novel mitochondria-targeting compound exerts therapeutic effects against melanoma by inducing mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and autophagy in vitro and in vivo.

Melanoma is the most invasive skin cancer, with a high mortality rate. However, existing therapeutic drugs have side effects, low reactivity, and lead to drug resistance. As the power source in cells, mitochondria play an important role in the survival of cancer cells and are an important target for tumor therapy.

Intrinsically bioactive and biomimetic nanoparticle-derived therapies alleviate asthma by regulating multiple pathological cells.

Asthma is a serious global public health concern. Airway neutrophilic inflammation is closely related to severe asthma, for which effective and safe therapies remain to be developed. Here we report nanotherapies capable of simultaneously regulating multiple target cells relevant to the pathogenesis of neutrophilic asthma.

Pathologically triggered aggregation of nanoparticles for inflammation-targeting amplification and therapeutic potentiation.

Uncontrolled and persistent inflammation is closely related to numerous acute and chronic diseases. However, effective targeting delivery systems remain to be developed for precision therapy of inflammatory diseases. Herein we report a novel strategy for engineering inflammation-accumulation nanoparticles phenolic functionalization.

Reactive Oxygen Species-Responsive Transformable and Triple-Targeting Butylphthalide Nanotherapy for Precision Treatment of Ischemic Stroke by Normalizing the Pathological Microenvironment.

High potency and safe therapies are still required for ischemic stroke, which is a leading cause of global death and disability. Herein, a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive, transformable, and triple-targeting dl-3--butylphthalide (NBP) nanotherapy was developed for ischemic stroke. To this end, a ROS-responsive nanovehicle (OCN) was first constructed using a cyclodextrin-derived material, which showed considerably enhanced cellular uptake in brain endothelial cells due to notably reduced particle size, morphological transformation, and surface chemistry switching upon triggering via pathological signals.

Functionally integrating nanoparticles alleviate deep vein thrombosis in pregnancy and rescue intrauterine growth restriction.

There is still unmet demand for effective, safe, and patient-friendly anti-thrombotics to treat deep vein thrombosis (DVT) during pregnancy. Here we first engineer a bioactive amphiphile (TLH) by simultaneously conjugating Tempol and linoleic acid onto low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), which can assemble into multifunctional nanoparticles (TLH NP). In pregnant rats with DVT, TLH NP can target and dissolve thrombi, recanalize vessel occlusion, and eradicate the recurrence of thromboembolism, thereby reversing DVT-mediated intrauterine growth restriction and delayed development of fetuses.

Vitamin B complex blocks the dust fall PM -induced acute lung injury through DNA methylation in rats.

This study aimed to explore whether vitamin B complex (folic acid, B , and B ) could avert DNA methylation changes associated with inflammation induced by acute PM exposure. Sprague-Dawley rats were administered by gavage with different concentrations of vitamin B complex once a day for 28 days, and then by intratracheal instillation with saline or PM once every 2 days for three times. Vitamin B continued to be taken during the PM exposure.

A Multi-Bioactive Nanomicelle-Based "One Stone for Multiple Birds" Strategy for Precision Therapy of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) remains a lethal aortic disease in the elderly. Currently, no effective drugs can be clinically applied to prevent the development of AAA. Herein, a "one stone for multiple birds" strategy for AAA therapy is reported.

Dust fall PM-induced lung inflammation in rats is associated with hypermethylation of the IFN-γ gene promoter via the PI3K-Akt-DNMT3b pathway.

Inflammation is one of the major adverse effects of fine particulate matter (PM) on the lung system; however, its mechanisms remain unclear. Rats were exposed to different concentrations of PM to investigate the mechanism of short-term exposure-induced lung inflammation. The regulation of PI3K-Akt and DNA methyltransferase 3b (DNMT3b) was assessed by using a PI3K inhibitor and a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor.

Early diagnosis of breast cancer lung metastasis by nanoprobe-based luminescence imaging of the pre-metastatic niche.

Background: Early detection of breast cancer lung metastasis remains highly challenging, due to few metastatic cancer cells at an early stage. Herein we propose a new strategy for early diagnosis of lung metastasis of breast cancer by luminescence imaging of pulmonary neutrophil infiltration via self-illuminating nanoprobes.

Methods: Luminescent nanoparticles (LAD NPs) were engineered using a biocompatible, neutrophil-responsive self-illuminating cyclodextrin material and an aggregation-induced emission agent.

Hydrogel Transformed from Nanoparticles for Prevention of Tissue Injury and Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases.

Functional hydrogels responsive to physiological and pathological signals have extensive biomedical applications owing to their multiple advanced attributes. Herein, engineering of functional hydrogels is reported via transformable nanoparticles in response to the physiologically and pathologically acidic microenvironment. These nanoparticles are assembled by a multivalent hydrophobic, pH-responsive cyclodextrin host material and a multivalent hydrophilic guest macromolecule.

A reactive oxygen species-responsive antioxidant nanotherapy for the treatment of drug-induced tissue and organ injury.

Drug-induced tissue injury has become a growing public health problem. Gastrointestinal injury and liver dysfunction are the most common side effects related to drug therapies, resulting in high morbidity and mortality in recent years. The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is critically involved in the pathogenesis of drug-induced tissue injury.

Bioresponsive drug delivery systems for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

Inflammation is intimately related to the pathogenesis of numerous acute and chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore anti-inflammatory therapy is a very promising strategy for the prevention and treatment of these inflammatory diseases. To overcome the shortcomings of existing anti-inflammatory agents and their traditional formulations, such as nonspecific tissue distribution and uncontrolled drug release, bioresponsive drug delivery systems have received much attention in recent years.

Antioxidant Nanotherapies for the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential in regulating various physiological functions. However, overproduction of ROS is implicated in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases. Antioxidant therapy has thus represented an effective strategy for the treatment of oxidative stress relevant inflammatory diseases.

A Proresolving Peptide Nanotherapy for Site-Specific Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Regulating Proinflammatory Microenvironment and Gut Microbiota.

The incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) increases steadily worldwide. There is an urgent need for effective and safe IBD therapies. Accelerated resolution of inflammation is a new strategy for the management of inflammatory diseases.

Supramolecular therapeutics to treat the side effects induced by a depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent.

Succinylcholine (Sch) is the only depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent widely used for rapid sequence induction in emergency rooms. Unfortunately, a variety of (sometimes lethal) adverse effects, such as hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest, are associated with its use, and currently there are no specific antidotes to reverse Sch or to treat these side-effects. The binding behaviors of Sch and several synthetic receptors, including cucurbit[7]uril, sulfo-calix[4]arene and water-soluble carboxylatopillar[6]arene (WP[6]), were first investigated.

Specific cancer stem cell-therapy by albumin nanoparticles functionalized with CD44-mediated targeting.

Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are highly proliferative and tumorigenic, which contributes to chemotherapy resistance and tumor occurrence. CSCs specific therapy may achieve excellent therapeutic effects, especially to the drug-resistant tumors.

Results: In this study, we developed a kind of targeting nanoparticle system based on cationic albumin functionalized with hyaluronic acid (HA) to target the CD44 overexpressed CSCs.

A Targeting Nanotherapy for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.

Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the elderly. Currently, there remain no effective drugs that can prevent the growth of aneurysms and delay aneurysm rupture in the clinical setting.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop a nanotherapy that can target aneurysms and release drug molecules in response to the inflammatory microenvironment.

Self-assembly of affinity-controlled nanoparticles via host-guest interactions for drug delivery.

There has been increasing interest in constructing affinity-based drug delivery systems via different non-covalent interactions. Herein we report a host-guest interaction-based strategy to develop effective drug delivery systems using cyclodextrin-containing copolymers. Hydrophilic copolymers with one polyethylene glycol block and another block containing either α-cyclodextrin or β-cyclodextrin were synthesized.