Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance the tolerance of Casuarina equisetifolia to drought and salt stress under coral sand matrix conditions.

To evaluate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the stress tolerance of Casuarina equisetifolia in coral sand matrix, we inoculated seedlings with Funneliformis mosseae and Rhizophagus intraradices and subjected them to salt stress (SS) and drought stress (DS). The results indicated that AMF colonization significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced height (42-123 %), proline and soluble sugar concentrations, and the peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities (0.

Enhancing freeze-thaw tolerance of yeast using silver carp muscle hydrolysate: Transcriptomic insights into cryoprotective mechanism.

This study aimed to investigate the improvement effects of a silver carp muscle hydrolysate (SCMH) on freeze-thaw (FT) tolerance of baker's yeast and the related mechanism. Yeast cells with or without addition of SCMH were subjected to 0 to 6 FT cycles, and their cell viability, leavening activity, growth kinetics, morphology, and transcriptome were examined. The results showed that the SCMH-added yeast had significantly higher cell viability (40.

Uncovering the genetic mechanism of rind color trait in watermelon using fine mapping and comparative transcriptomic analysis.

The rind color of watermelon fruit is a significant trait that directly affects consumer acceptability. However, the genetic regulatory mechanisms underlying rind color remain poorly understood. In this study, we crossed two differentiated watermelon lines (K2Q "female parent line with a light green rind" and K2S "male parent line with a dark green rind") and developed segregated F mapping populations.

Adaptive formation learning control for cooperative AUVs under complete uncertainty.

Introduction: This paper addresses the critical need for adaptive formation control in Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) without requiring knowledge of system dynamics or environmental data. Current methods, often assuming partial knowledge like known mass matrices, limit adaptability in varied settings.

Methods: We proposed two-layer framework treats all system dynamics, including the mass matrix, as entirely unknown, achieving configuration-agnostic control applicable to multiple underwater scenarios.

A comparison of the efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicine combined with Western medicine for Helicobacter pylori-related gastric ulcer: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: The aim of this network meta-analysis (NMA) was to compare the effectiveness and safety of different Chinese patent medicines (CPMs) combined with Western medicines (WMs) regimen versus WMs alone in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori-related gastric ulcer (GU).

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted on databases from their inception to May 31, 2023, to identify all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the efficacy of CPMs in combination with conventional WMs in the treatment of patients with H pylori-related GU. Using Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool, we evaluated the methodological quality of RCTs.

Acidic "Water-in-Salt" Electrolyte Enables a High-Energy Symmetric Supercapacitor Based on Titanium Carbide MXene.

Titanium carbide MXene, TiCT, exhibits ultrahigh capacitance in acidic electrolytes at negative potentials yet poor stability at positive potentials, resulting in low-energy densities for TiCT-based symmetric supercapacitors. Utilizing "water-in-salt" electrolytes has successfully expanded the stable operation potential window of MXenes. However, this advancement comes at the cost of sacrificing their high capacitance in acidic electrolytes.

Chromolaena odorata affects soil nitrogen transformations and competition in tropical coral islands by altering soil ammonia oxidizing microbes.

Invasive plants can change the community structure of soil ammonia-oxidizing microbes, affect the process of soil nitrogen (N) transformation, and gain a competitive advantage. However, the current researches on competition mechanism of Chromolaena odorata have not involved soil nitrogen transformation. In this study, we compared the microbially mediated soil transformations of invasive C.

Atractylenolide I Alleviates Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation.

Koidz, a traditional Chinese medicine, contains atractylenolide I (ATR-I), which has potential anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulating properties. This study evaluated the therapeutic potential of ATR-I for indomethacin (IND)-induced gastric mucosal lesions and its underlying mechanisms. Noticeable improvements were observed in the histological morphology and ultrastructures of the rat gastric mucosa after ATR-I treatment.

Global trends in oxidative stress in the Retina: A bibliometric analysis of 2013-2023.

Background: Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of many retinal diseases. However, only a few systematic bibliometric studies have been conducted. This study aims to visualize research hotspots and developmental trends in oxidative stress in the retina from 2013 to 2023 by analyzing bibliometric data.

Astragaloside IV ameliorates indomethacin-induced intestinal inflammation in rats through inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.

The administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may cause significant intestinal alteration and inflammation and lead to the occurrence of inflammatory diseases resembling duodenal ulcers. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is a glycoside of cycloartane-type triterpene isolated from the dried root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge.

A Heart Image Segmentation Method Based on Position Attention Mechanism and Inverted Pyramid.

In the realm of modern medicine, medical imaging stands as an irreplaceable pillar for accurate diagnostics. The significance of precise segmentation in medical images cannot be overstated, especially considering the variability introduced by different practitioners. With the escalating volume of medical imaging data, the demand for automated and efficient segmentation methods has become imperative.

infection: a dynamic process from diagnosis to treatment.

, a gram-negative microaerophilic pathogen, causes several upper gastrointestinal diseases, such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer. For the diseases listed above, has different pathogenic mechanisms, including colonization and virulence factor expression. It is essential to make accurate diagnoses and provide patients with effective treatment to achieve positive clinical outcomes.

Learning-based sliding mode synchronization for fractional-order Hindmarsh-Rose neuronal models with deterministic learning.

Introduction: In recent years, extensive research has been conducted on the synchronous behavior of neural networks. It is found that the synchronization ability of neurons is related to the performance of signal reception and transmission between neurons, which in turn affects the function of the organism. However, most of the existing synchronization methods are faced with two difficulties, one is the structural parameter dependency, which limits the promotion and application of synchronous methods in practical problems.

A Salient Object Detection Method Based on Boundary Enhancement.

Visual saliency refers to the human's ability to quickly focus on important parts of their visual field, which is a crucial aspect of image processing, particularly in fields like medical imaging and robotics. Understanding and simulating this mechanism is crucial for solving complex visual problems. In this paper, we propose a salient object detection method based on boundary enhancement, which is applicable to both 2D and 3D sensors data.

Myocardial infarction detection using ITD, DWT and deterministic learning based on ECG signals.

Nowadays, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is one of the prime causes of human mortality, which has received tremendous and elaborative research interests regarding the prevention issue. Myocardial ischemia is a kind of CVD which will lead to myocardial infarction (MI). The diagnostic criterion of MI is supplemented with clinical judgement and several electrocardiographic (ECG) or vectorcardiographic (VCG) programs.

An Interactive Image Segmentation Method Based on Multi-Level Semantic Fusion.

Understanding and analyzing 2D/3D sensor data is crucial for a wide range of machine learning-based applications, including object detection, scene segmentation, and salient object detection. In this context, interactive object segmentation is a vital task in image editing and medical diagnosis, involving the accurate separation of the target object from its background based on user annotation information. However, existing interactive object segmentation methods struggle to effectively leverage such information to guide object-segmentation models.

Research on antibiotic resistance in : a bibliometric analysis of the past decade.

Resistance of () to antibiotics has reached alarming levels worldwide, and the efficacy of the eradication treatment has decreased dramatically because of antibiotic resistance. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of the development status, research hotspots, and future trends related to antibiotic resistance, we conducted a thorough retrospective analysis via the bibliometrics method. We searched the Science Citation Index Expanded of the Web of Science Core Collection for all pertinent articles on antibiotic resistance from 2013 to 2022.

Inhibition mechanism of membrane-separated silver carp hydrolysates on ice crystal growth obtained through experiments and molecular dynamics simulation.

The membrane-separated silver carp hydrolysates (>10 k, 3-10 k and < 3 k) displayed abilities to mitigate oxidation and denaturation of myofibrillar protein and cryoprotective activities for frozen surimi. However, the mechanism of the membrane-separated fractions on ice crystal growth in the system is still unknown. Therefore, the cryoprotective activities (recrystallization inhibition, RI and thermal hysteresis activity, THA) of the fractions were investigated and the mechanism was explored by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to predict the probable binding sites and model the possible interactions between the peptides and water/ice.

Regulatory mechanisms governing collagen peptides and their 3D printing application for frozen surimi.

Myofibrillar proteins (MPs) are important to the gel formation that occurs in frozen surimi. Importantly, their unique gel-forming ability indicates that surimi may be a promising material for use in 3D printing. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of collagen peptides on the cryoprotection of MPs during freeze-thaw (FT) cycles and the subsequent printability of surimi.

Threshold image segmentation based on improved sparrow search algorithm.

Threshold segmentation based on swarm intelligence optimization algorithm is a research hotspot in image processing, because of its good segmentation effect and easy implementation. This paper proposes an image threshold segmentation method based on an improved sparrow search algorithm and 2-D maximum entropy method. In the proposed algorithm, the nonlinear inertia weight is introduced into the entrants' update formula to improve the local exploration ability of the algorithm, and Levy flight is introduced into the vigilant sparrows' update formula to prevent the algorithm from falling into the local optimal solution in the later stage of iteration.

Distributed Cooperative Learning Control of Uncertain Multiagent Systems With Prescribed Performance and Preserved Connectivity.

For an uncertain multiagent system, distributed cooperative learning control exerting the learning capability of the control system in a cooperative way is one of the most important and challenging issues. This article aims to address this issue for an uncertain high-order nonlinear multiagent system with guaranteed transient performance and preserved initial connectivity under an undirected and static communication topology. The considered multiagent system has an identical structure and the uncertain agent dynamics are estimated by localized radial basis function (RBF) neural networks (NNs) in a cooperative way.

Classification of myocardial infarction based on hybrid feature extraction and artificial intelligence tools by adopting tunable-Q wavelet transform (TQWT), variational mode decomposition (VMD) and neural networks.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is the leading cause of human mortality and morbidity around the world, in which myocardial infarction (MI) is a silent condition that irreversibly damages the heart muscles. Currently, electrocardiogram (ECG) is widely used by the clinicians to diagnose MI patients due to its inexpensiveness and non-invasive nature. Pathological alterations provoked by MI cause slow conduction by increasing axial resistance on coupling between cells.

Joint influence of genetic origin and climate on the growth of Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) in China.

Adaptive of trees and its correlation with the climatic are causing changes in tree species performance and distribution, which will change breeding programs and influence forest productivity. To further evaluate the joint influence of climatic factors and provenance on the ring width (RW) and ring density (RD) of Masson pine. We selected 18 provenances at Chun'an (CA) and Taizi Mountain (TZS) test site, which representing four different breeding regions, including the south, west, north and east-central regions.

Small Fault Detection of Discrete-Time Nonlinear Uncertain Systems.

This article investigates the problem of small fault detection (sFD) for discrete-time nonlinear systems with uncertain dynamics. The faults are considered to be "small" in the sense that the system trajectories in the faulty mode always remain close to those in the normal mode, and the magnitude of fault can be smaller than that of the system's uncertain dynamics. A novel adaptive dynamics learning-based sFD framework is proposed.