Highly Reversible Anionic Redox in Tunnel-Type Oxides Contributes to Enhanced Capacity as Cathode Material for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Tunnel-type NaMnO has emerged as a promising cathode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) owing to its exceptional structural stability. However, its practical application is significantly constrained by the intrinsically limited movable sodium content in the pristine structure, yielding a modest initial charge capacity of merely 55 mAh g. While anionic redox reactions provide a viable pathway for capacity enhancement, which have been exclusively studied in layered oxides to date.

High Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity (SmSr)(NiFe)O ( = 1, 2, 3) Cathode with a Ruddlesden-Popper Structure for Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells.

The slow reaction kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is one of the important challenges facing the development of a cathode in low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LT-SOFCs). Herein, we developed the (SmSr)(NiFe)O [-SSNF ( = 1, 2, 3)] cathode with a Ruddlesden-Popper (R-P) structure to investigate its oxygen ion conduction mechanism and cathodic ORR activity. Consequently, the cell device of the -SSNF ( = 3) cathode accomplished an impressive peak power density of 658 mW·cm.

Helicobacter pylori is associated with less tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and a poor prognosis in gastric cancer.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is carcinogenic and has the potential to cause progressive gastric lesions and gastric cancer (GC), which also represents one of the essential constituents of the tumor microenvironment (TME) of GC. The infiltration and functional status of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the TME affect the anti-tumor function of the body.

Unveiling Sodium Diffusion Kinetics and Locking Mechanisms for High-Performance CZTSSe Photovoltaics.

This work unveils a diffusion-kinetic modulation strategy that fundamentally redefines sodium management in kesterite photovoltaics, enabling spatially controlled Na sequestration within CuZnSn(S,Se) (CZTSSe) absorber layers through a thermally engineered "Na-locking" mechanism. By establishing critical correlations between post-processing thermal protocols and alkali metal migration dynamics, how synchronized extension of sintering duration and rapid cooling termination creates a non-equilibrium state that traps Na at strategic interfacial positions is demonstrated. This approach leverages Na's dual functionality as a crystallization promoter and defect passivator, driving concurrent improvements in crystallographic coherence and electronic uniformity.

Tumor-infiltrating mast cells as potential chemoimmunotherapy enhancer in triple-negative breast cancer.

Over the past decade, combining immune checkpoint blockade with chemotherapy has reshaped the paradigm of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), but the cellular dynamics in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) that orchestrate clinical response remain elusive. In a recent issue of , Zhang integrated murine and human single-cell sequencing data, and unveiled that tumor-infiltrating mast cells (TIMCs) could exert distinct antitumor effects by enriching and fueling various immune cell clusters, suggesting the pivotal tuning role of TIMCs in the TIME of TNBC, as well as paving promising avenues for future TIMC-targeting therapies in synergy with chemoimmunotherapy against TNBC.

Establishing a New Benchmark in Quantum Computational Advantage with 105-qubit Zuchongzhi 3.0 Processor.

In the relentless pursuit of quantum computational advantage, we present a significant advancement with the development of Zuchongzhi 3.0. This superconducting quantum computer prototype, comprising 105 qubits, achieves high operational fidelities, with single-qubit gates, two-qubit gates, and readout fidelity at 99.

Enrichment and Detection of HER2-Expressing Extracellular Vesicles Based on DNA Tetrahedral Nanostructures: A New Strategy for Liquid Biopsy in Breast Cancer.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role as important mediators of intercellular communication in the progression of tumors. The capture and analysis of tumor-derived EVs offer new possibilities for the application of cancer liquid biopsies. This study aims to construct a DNA tetrahedral nanostructure that specifically recognizes HER2 and CD63, enabling the effective enrichment and detection of HER2-expressing EVs (HEVs).

Prediction of prognosis, immunogenicity and efficacy of immunotherapy based on cholesterol metabolism in gastric cancer.

Background: Cholesterol metabolism plays a crucial role in tumor progression and immune response modulation. However, the precise connection between cholesterol metabolism-related genes (CMRGs) and their implications for clinical prognosis, the tumor microenvironment (TME), and the outcomes of immunotherapy in gastric cancer remains to be fully elucidated.

Methods: Transcriptome data and related clinical information from 675 gastric cancer patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases.

O-GlcNAcylation-related genes mediate tumor microenvironment characteristics and prediction of immunotherapy response in gastric cancer.

We aim to identify molecular clusters related to O-GlcNAcylation and establish a novel scoring system for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy in patients with gastric cancer (GC). The transcriptomic and clinical data are obtained from XENA-UCSC and GEO databases. The O-GlcNAcylation-related genes are obtained from the GSEA database.

Real-world application of disitamab vedotin (RC48-ADC) in patients with breast cancer with different HER2 expression levels: efficacy and safety analysis.

Background: Disitamab vedotin (RC48-ADC), an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), combines specific antibody disitamab with cytotoxicity monomethyl auristatin E to effectively target the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) protein on tumor cells for precise elimination. Recent studies have demonstrated that RC48-ADC offers therapeutic benefits for patients with HER2-positive and HER2-low-expression breast cancer (BC). However, a thorough exploration of its efficacy and safety in real-world settings for patients with metastatic breast cancer (mBC) is currently lacking.

Enhance the Performance of CZTSSe Solar Cells Through Inhibiting the Cu, Tu, and (─COOH) Association Reaction.

The Sol-gel precursor solution reaction mechanism has a significant impact on the CuZnSn(S, Se) (CZTSSe) solar cells. It is discovered that in the CuZnSnS (CZTS) precursor solution (CZTS-PS) in the preparation, there is an association reaction among Cu, thiourea (Tu), and carboxyl (-COOH), which is an important reason for the undesirable CZTSSe solar cells. The strong association reaction generates excessive Cu ions, forming the CuSe secondary phase on the surface of the CZTSSe absorber.

Rationally designed BCR-ABL kinase inhibitors for improved leukemia treatment via covalent and pro-/dual-drug targeting strategies.

Background: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a blood cancer that remains challenging to cure due to drug resistance and side effects from current BCR-ABL inhibitors. There is an urgent need for novel and more effective BCR-ABL targeting inhibitors and therapeutic strategies to combat this deadly disease.

Method: We disclose an "OH-implant" strategy to improve a noncovalent BCR-ABL inhibitor, PPY-A, by adding a hydroxyl group to its scaffold.

Vanadium Modification Induced a Back Interfacial Field Passivation Effect toward Efficient Kesterite Solar Cells beyond 11% Efficiency.

Realization of a high-quality back electrode interface (BEI) with suppressed recombination is crucial for CuZnSn(S,Se) (CZTSSe) solar cells. To achieve this goal, the construction of a traditional chemical passivation effect has been widely adopted and investigated. However, there is currently a lack of reports concerning the construction of a field passivation effect (FPE) for the BEI.

Introducing BiS Interlayer to Synergistically Modify Mo Back Contact and Regulate Bulk Defects in Kesterite Solar Cells.

A suitable interlayer between the Mo back electrode and kesterite absorber layer has been proven to have a positive effect on limiting the bulk defects of the absorber by the constitute diffusion. Here, a thin BiS layer is used as the back-interface intermediate layer for the first time, this innovative approach allows for simultaneous modification of the back contact and reduction of bulk defects, resulting in improving the power conversion efficiency of the kesterite device from 9.66% to 11.

Crystallinity Control and Strain Release in Wide-Bandgap Perovskite Film via Seed-Induced Growth for Efficient Photovoltaics.

The seed method stands out as a straightforward and efficient approach for fabricating high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this study, we propose the utilization of an antisolvent as an additive to induce crystal seeding, thereby facilitating the growth of wide-bandgap perovskite grains. Specifically, we introduce three commonly used antisolvents─ethyl acetate (EA), isopropanol (IPA), and chlorobenzene (CB)─directly into the perovskite precursor solution to generate perovskite seeds, which serve to promote subsequent nucleation.

Observation of Fast Low-Temperature Oxygen Ion Conduction in CeO/β"-AlO Heterostructure.

Semiconductor ion fuel cells (SIFCs) have demonstrated impressive ionic conductivity and efficient power generation at temperatures below 600 °C. However, the lack of understanding of the ionic conduction mechanisms associated with composite electrolytes has impeded the advancement of SIFCs toward lower operating temperatures. In this study, a CeO/β″-AlO heterostructure electrolyte is introduced, incorporating β″-AlO and leveraging the local electric field (LEF) as well as the manipulation of the melting point temperature of carbonate/hydroxide (C/H) by Na and Mg from β″-AlO.

Modulating secondary growth of perovskite grains through residual solvent evaporation.

Over the past decade, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted enormous attention due to their high performance. One key to fabricating high-quality perovskite films lies in controlling the volatilization rate of residual solvents during the annealing process. This study systematically investigates how different protective substrates affect the volatilization rate of residual solvent in perovskite films.

Roles of estrogen receptors during sexual reversal in Pelodiscus sinensis.

Background: The Chinese soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis, exhibits distinct sexual dimorphism, with the males growing faster and larger than the females. During breeding, all-male offspring can be obtained using 17β-estradiol (E2). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying E2-induced sexual reversal have not yet been elucidated.

Hypoxia stimulates CTC-platelet cluster formation to promote breast cancer metastasis.

Circulating tumor cell clusters/micro-emboli (CTM) possess greater metastatic capacity and survival advantage compared to individual circulating tumor cell (CTC). However, the formation of CTM subtypes and their role in tumor metastasis remain unclear. In this study, we used a microfluidic Cluster-Chip with easy operation and high efficiency to isolate CTM from peripheral blood, which confirmed their correlation with clinicopathological features and identified the critical role of CTC-platelet clusters in breast cancer metastasis.

Novel Covalent Probe Selectively Targeting Glutathione Peroxidase 4 In Vivo: Potential Applications in Pancreatic Cancer Therapy.

Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) emerges as a promising target for the treatment of therapy-resistant cancer through ferroptosis. Thus, there is a broad interest in the development of GPX4 inhibitors. However, a majority of reported GPX4 inhibitors utilize chloroacetamide as a reactive electrophilic warhead, and the selectivity and pharmacokinetic properties still need to be improved.