Identification of subtypes of type 2 diabetes in the Chinese population and their distinct complication risk profiles.

Aims: To identify and validate subgroups of type 2 diabetes in Chinese populations using clustering analysis and assess their complication risks.

Materials And Methods: Data from 5653 type 2 diabetes patients in the Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort and Biobank (SSACB) and 6384 in the Southwest China Diabetic Chronic Complications Study were integrated. Using body mass index, fasting blood glucose, age at diabetes diagnosis, and triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, k-means clustering was performed by sex in SSACB and validated in Southwest China Diabetic Chronic Complications Study.

METTL3-mediated modification of SIRT1 m6A methylation protects osteoblasts from TBHP-induced senescence and promotes osteoblast proliferation.

The condition of age-related osteoporosis involves more senescent osteoblasts and a significant decline in osteoblast proliferation within the bone microenvironment. Methyltransferase 3 (METTL3), a key methylating enzyme, has been previously described as alleviating osteoporosis associated with estrogen deficiency. However, METTL3-mediated m6A modification in age-related osteoporosis remains unclear, as does its regulatory mechanism in osteoblasts.

SSR_VibraProfiler: a Python package for accurate classification of varieties using SSRs with intra-variety specificity and inter-variety polymorphism.

Background: Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are widely used as molecular markers; however, traditional development of SSR molecular markers heavily relies on experimental methods. The advancement of modern sequencing technology has provided the possibility of directly extracting SSR characteristics from sequencing data and using them for variety identification.

Results: We have developed a computational framework for variety identification, treating the presence or absence of each SSR in sequencing data as a numerical characteristic while ignoring specific loci, flanking sequences, and occurrence counts.

Proteomic insights into metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic disease: Identifying therapeutic targets and assessing on-target side effects.

Aims: The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is rising sharply, yet treatment options remain inadequate. To uncover new therapeutic targets for MASLD, we conducted a comprehensive proteome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR) and phenome-wide association study (PheWAS).

Materials And Methods: Discovery MR utilized protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) data on 4907 plasma protein levels from 35,559 individuals, alongside genome-wide association study (GWAS) on MASLD from the Million Veteran Program (68,725 cases / 95,482 controls).

Focus on P2X7R in microglia: its mechanism of action and therapeutic prospects in various neuropathic pain models.

Neuropathic pain (NP) is a common symptom of many diseases and is caused by direct or indirect damage to the nervous system. Tricyclic antidepressants and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are typical drugs used in clinical practice to suppress pain. However, these drugs have drawbacks, including a short duration of action, a limited analgesic effect, and possible dependence and side effects.

Prognostic significance of preoperative CT-based sarcopenia in locally advanced rectal cancer: a multicenter retrospective study.

Objectives: The association between preoperative CT-based sarcopenia and prognosis in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between CT-based sarcopenia and clinical outcomes in patients with LARC.

Materials And Methods: This multicenter retrospective study analyzed 503 LARC patients who underwent radical resection in three tertiary hospitals in China from January 2018 to June 2021 and were pathologically confirmed.

Afterpulse correction of silicon single-photon detector for 1064-nm aerosol-lidar.

Near-infrared enhanced silicon single-photon avalanche diodes (Si-SPADs) are widely used as detectors for 1064-nm aerosol lidars. However, Si-SPADs suffer from afterpulse miscounts. The superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) exhibits high QE and negligible rate of afterpulse miscounts.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of the tetraploid medicinal and natural dye plant Persicaria tinctoria.

Persicaria tinctoria (2n = 40) is an important traditional medicinal plant and natural dye source within the genus Persicaria. P. tinctoria has been utilized for its antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and tumor treatment properties.

Microstructured Liquid Metal-Based Embedded-Type Sensor Array for Curved Pressure Mapping.

Human hands can envelop the surface of an object and recognize its shape through touch. However, existing stretchable haptic sensors exhibit limited flexibility and stability to detect pressure during deformation, while also solely achieving recognition of planar objects. Inspired by the structure of skin tissue, an embedded construction-enabled liquid metal-based e-skin composed of a liquid metal microstructured electrode (LM-ME) array is fabricated for curved pressure mapping.

Novel genomic and phenotypic traits of polyhydroxyalkanoate-producing bacterium ZZQ-149, the type strain of Halomonas qinghailakensis.

Background: Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are optimal potential materials for industrial and medical uses, characterized by exceptional sustainability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. These are primarily from various bacteria and archaea. Bacterial strains with effective PHA formation capabilities and minimal production cost form the foundation for PHA production.

PGRMC2 influences the onset of postmenopausal osteoporosis through disulfidptosis in monocytes: Evidence from experimental validation and Mendelian randomization.

This study explores the role of disulfidptosis in monocytes and its relation to postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). Using single-cell RNA sequencing and microarray assays, we identified key genes: LONRF1, ACAP2, IPO9, and PGRMC2. Through differential analysis, Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), and machine learning, these genes were linked to PMOP.

Exploring the Biomarkers and Potential Mechanisms of Botulinum Toxin Type A in the Treatment of Microglial Inflammatory Activation through P2X7 Receptors based on Transcriptome Sequencing.

Aims: This study aims to explore the potential mechanism by which Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/ A) inhibits microglial inflammatory activation through P2X7 receptors (P2X7R).

Background: BoNT/A is a promising analgesic drug, and previous studies have established that it alleviates Neuropathic Pain (NP) by inhibiting microglial inflammatory activation. This study examined the biomarkers and potential mechanisms by which BoNT/A relieves neuropathic pain by mediating microglial P2X7R and analyzing transcriptome sequencing data from mouse BV-2 microglial cells.

A telomere-to-telomere gap-free reference genome assembly of avocado provides useful resources for identifying genes related to fatty acid biosynthesis and disease resistance.

Avocado ( Mill.) is an economically valuable plant because of the high fatty acid content and unique flavor of its fruits. Its fatty acid content, especially the relatively high unsaturated fatty acid content, provides significant health benefits.

Tibetan terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems collapsed with cryosphere loss inferred from sedimentary ancient metagenomics.

Glacier and permafrost shrinkage and land-use intensification threaten mountain wildlife and affect nature conservation strategies. Here, we present paleometagenomic records of terrestrial and aquatic taxa from the southeastern Tibetan Plateau covering the last 18,000 years to help understand the complex alpine ecosystem dynamics. We infer that steppe-meadow became woodland at 14 ka (cal BP) controlled by cryosphere loss, further driving a herbivore change from wild yak to deer.

Femtosecond Laser Fabrication of High-Linearity Liquid Metal-Based Flexible Strain Sensor.

Liquid metal (LM) is widely used in flexible electronic devices due to its excellent metallic conductivity and ductility. However, the fabrication of LM flexible strain sensors with high sensitivity and linearity is still a huge challenge, since the resistance of LM does not change much with strain. Here, a highly sensitive and linear fully flexible strain sensor with a resistive sensing function is proposed.

Genome and GWAS analysis identified genes significantly related to phenotypic state of bark.

As an important horticultural plant, is often used in urban greening and landscape design. However, factors such as the high rate of genetic recombination, frequent outcrossing in the wild, weak linkage disequilibrium, and the susceptibility of gene expression to environmental factors limit further exploration of functional genes related to important horticultural traits, and make the breeding of new varieties require a longer time. Therefore, we choose bark as the target trait which is not easily affected by environmental factors, but also has ornamental properties.

Optimizing the robustness of higher-low order coupled networks.

Enhancing the robustness of complex networks is of great practical significance as it ensures the stable operation of infrastructure systems. We measure its robustness by examining the size of the largest connected component of the network after initial attacks. However, traditional research on network robustness enhancement has mainly focused on low-order networks, with little attention given to higher-order networks, particularly higher-low order coupling networks(the largest connected component of the network must exist in both higher-order and low-order networks).

Improving Robustness of High-Low-Order Coupled Networks against Malicious Attacks Based on a Simulated Annealing Algorithm.

Malicious attacks can cause significant damage to the structure and functionality of complex networks. Previous research has pointed out that the ability of networks to withstand malicious attacks becomes weaker when networks are coupled. However, traditional research on improving the robustness of networks has focused on individual low-order or higher-order networks, lacking studies on coupled networks with higher-order and low-order networks.

Trainable Spiking-YOLO for low-latency and high-performance object detection.

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are considered an attractive option for edge-side applications due to their sparse, asynchronous and event-driven characteristics. However, the application of SNNs to object detection tasks faces challenges in achieving good detection accuracy and high detection speed. To overcome the aforementioned challenges, we propose an end-to-end Trainable Spiking-YOLO (Tr-Spiking-YOLO) for low-latency and high-performance object detection.

MicroRNA-192-5p downregulates Fat Mass and Obesity-associated Protein to aggravate renal ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common disorder without effective therapy yet. Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common cause of AKI. MicroRNA miR-192-5p has been previously reported to be upregulated in AKI models.

Quantifying climate variation and associated regional air pollution in southern India using Google Earth Engine.

Climate change and regional air pollution have had significant proportional coherence and are collectively hazardous for the regional ecosystem. To conduct this present investigation, we obtained high-resolution remotely sensed datasets from 2001 to 2022. To estimate climate variation, we utilized Climate Hazard Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station Data Version 2.

A novel lncRNA GM15416 regulates osteoblast apoptosis and differentiation through the c-Fos/Fas axis and mitigates osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis (OP) is a common systemic bone disorder, and the programmed cell death of osteoblasts is closely linked to the development of osteoporosis. Previous studies have shown that c-fos can cause osteoblast apoptosis. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays a pervasive role in regulating the biology of osteoblasts.

Mobile superconducting strip photon detection system with efficiency over 70% at a 1550 nm wavelength.

We developed a mobile superconducting strip photon detector (SSPD) system operated in a liquid-helium Dewar. By adopting highly disordered NbTiN thin films, we successfully enhanced the detection performance of superconducting strips at higher operation temperatures and realized SSPDs with nearly saturated detection efficiency at 4.2 K.