Near-Infrared-Responsive Digital PCR-Assisted Renal Cancer Exosomal miRNAs Insights and Regulation of Macrophage Polarization.

Exosomes derived from tumors are critical agents in intercellular communication and the tumor microenvironment, offering a rich source of signatures for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) diagnosis. Conventional diagnostic techniques often suffer from limited sensitivity and can be invasive. This study presents an innovative approach using near-infrared (NIR) digital PCR (dPCR) with black phosphorus-embedded gelatin microcarriers for profiling exosomal miRNAs and modulating STAT3 signaling and macrophage polarization.

Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Performance of BiVO Photoanodes Co-Modified with Borate and NiFeO.

Despite significant progress in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, high fabrication costs and limited efficiency of photoanodes hinder practical applications. Bismuth vanadate (BiVO), with its low cost, non-toxicity, and suitable band structure, is a promising photoanode material but suffers from poor charge transport, sluggish surface kinetics, and photocorrosion. In this study, porous monoclinic BiVO films are fabricated via a simplified successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method, followed by borate treatment and PEC deposition of NiFeO.

An Evidence-Based Medical Review on Preoperative Exercise Prehabilitation in Lung Cancer Patients.

Objective: Preoperative exercise prehabilitation in lung cancer patients can improve preoperative functional reserve, reduce postoperative complications, accelerate postoperative recovery compared with postoperative rehabilitation. To integrate and evaluate the evidence related to preoperative exercise prehabilitation in patients with lung cancer.

Methods: Conducted utilizing the "6S" model of evidence resources, according to the search strategy searching for relevant guidelines, evidence summaries, best practices, systematic reviews, and expert consensuses on preoperative exercise prehabilitation for lung cancer patients.

Elevated CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio and D-dimer as diagnostic biomarkers for Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis versus infectious mononucleosis in children: a retrospective case-control study.

Objective: To identify potential diagnostic biomarkers distinguishing Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) from infectious mononucleosis (EBV-IM) in pediatric patients using a retrospective case-control design.

Methods: This study enrolled a total of 160 pediatric patients, including 132 with Epstein-Barr virus-associated infectious mononucleosis (EBV-IM) and 28 with EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH). Serum levels of CD4⁺ T cells, CD8⁺ T cells, and D-dimer were quantified by flow cytometry and immunoturbidimetry, respectively.

Clinical value of D-dimer combined with transvaginal ultrasonography in the postmenopausal population with endometrial carcinoma.

To evaluate the diagnostic value of plasma D-dimer combined with transvaginal ultrasonography for endometrial carcinoma in postmenopausal women, addressing the increasing incidence in China. This retrospective study analyzed 129 postmenopausal women (July 2021-January 2023) undergoing hysteroscopy, including 61 with endometrial carcinoma (mean age 56.5 ± 6.

A single domain antibody targeting major capsid protein of decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1) exerts anti-viral activity.

Decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1) infection has caused severe economic losses in shrimp aquaculture industry. Passive immunization with neutralizing antibodies is a promising method to control DIV1 infection. In this study, a single domain antibody D13 vNAR targeting the major capsid protein of DIV1 was isolated.

Risk factors for secondary epilepsy in children with viral encephalitis.

Objective: To investigate the clinical manifestations of secondary epilepsy (EP) in children with viral encephalitis and to identify any associated risk factors.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 130 children with viral encephalitis treated at Lu'an People's Hospital Affiliated with Anhui Medical University between December 2021 and October 2024. Of these, 36 children who developed secondary EP were classified as the EP group, and 94 children without secondary EP were categorized as the non-EP group.

High-resolution modelling of particulate matter chemical composition over Europe: brake wear pollution.

In today's rapidly evolving society, the sources of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) emissions are shifting significantly. Stringent regulations on vehicle tailpipe emissions, in combination with a lack of control of non-exhaust vehicular emissions, have led to an increase in the relative contribution of non-exhaust PM in Europe. This study analyzes the spatial distribution, temporal trends, and impacts of brake wear PM pollution across Europe by modeling copper (Cu) concentrations at a high spatial resolution of ∼250 m which is a key tracer of brake-wear emissions.

Hydrothermally Synthesized PPy/VO Nanorod Composites for High-Performance Aqueous Zinc-Ion Battery Cathodes.

The rapid development of energy storage technologies has led to an increasing demand for high-performance electrode materials that can enhance both the energy density and the cycling stability of batteries. In this study, polypyrrole (PPy) nanorods with partial hollow features are utilized as a conductive and flexible framework for the in situ growth of VO nanospheres via a simple hydrothermal method, forming a well-defined core-shell PPy/VO nanocomposite. This hierarchical nanostructure combines the excellent electrical conductivity and mechanical flexibility of PPy with the high theoretical capacity of VO, creating a synergistic effect that significantly enhances the electrochemical performance.

PKCα Phosphorylates FACI to Switch Its Function in Clathrin-mediated Endocytosis to a Presumed Role in Macropinocytosis in Intestinal and Hepatic Cells.

Background & Aims: We previously identified a fasting- and CREB-H-induced (FACI) protein and defined its adaptor function in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Both CREB-H and FACI are specifically expressed in the liver and intestine. Here, we investigated the role of FACI in macropinocytosis and its activation by protein kinase Cα.

Preparation of VO Composite Cathode Material Based on In Situ Intercalated Polyaniline and Its High-Performance Aqueous Zinc-Ion Battery Applications.

With the rapid growth of renewable energy, the need for efficient and stable energy storage systems has become increasingly urgent. Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) can offer high safety, abundant zinc supply, and promising electrochemical properties. However, their performance is limited by poor electronic conductivity, slow Zn diffusion, and structural degradation of conventional cathode materials.

Electrode Design Based on Porous MnO/PPy Hybrid Nanocomposite and Its Application in Zinc-Ion Batteries.

The development of safe, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly energy storage systems has spurred growing interest in aqueous ZIBs. However, the poor cycling stability of cathode materials-mainly due to manganese dissolution and structural degradation-remains a major bottleneck. In this work, a porous MnO/PPy hybrid nanocomposite is successfully synthesized via an in situ co-precipitation strategy.

Longitudinal scRNA-seq of retinal organoids derived from Stargardt disease patient with ABCA4 mutation.

Stargardt disease (STGD), predominantly caused by mutations in the ABCA4 gene, is a leading cause of inherited retinal degeneration. Although several lines of mice expressing disease-causing variants have been produced, mice due to the lack of macular may not be the perfect model to mimic the characteristics of STGD. To address this knowledge gap, we generated retinal organoids from patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) harboring ABCA4 mutations and performed biological validation.

[Health Equity in Mental Health Care: Challenges for Nurses and Related Preparation].

Individuals with mental illness face significant challenges in achieving health equity due to social and structural determinants, fragmented healthcare systems, social stigmas, and disparities in digital health access. As advocates for individuals with mental illness, nurses play a crucial role in promoting health equity. Therefore, nurses must develop structural competency to understand how economic, political, and social structures impact mental healthcare.

Quantitative evaluation of cellulose swelling and dissolution behavior by monitoring the retention of NMMO solvent in cellulose fiber structure.

The swelling performance of the biological macromolecules of cellulose in aqueous N-methyl-morpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) solution is a critical factor in improving cellulose dissolution efficiency during lyocell process. We focused on the diffusion behavior of NMMO solvent during cellulose swelling and dissolution process using a novel centrifugation method, clarifying the relationship between NMMO retention value, fiber structural properties, and dissolution efficiency. An effective quantitative index for evaluating the swelling performances of cellulose is NMMO-retention, which was defined by investigating the removal of aqueous NMMO solution from swollen cellulose fibers using centrifugal method.

Prognostic value of positive lymph node ratio in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma after neoadjuvant treatment: a retrospective real-world study.

This study aimed to address the prognostic value of positive lymph node ratio for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) patients after neoadjuvant treatment, and build a prediction nomogram model. Patients with OCSCC with neoadjuvant treatment were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2004 to 2021. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS), and the second outcome was disease-specific survival (DSS).

Barriers and facilitators to prehabilitation of elderly patients with early lung cancer from the perspective of different clinical professionals: a qualitative study.

Background: Understanding the barriers and facilitators of prehabilitation in elderly patients with early-stage lung cancer is of significant importance. This study aimed to elucidate these barriers and facilitators from the perspectives of different clinical professionals.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was undertaken.

Neferine inhibits PRRSV infection by disrupting p65 nuclear translocation.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by the PRRS virus (PRRSV), imposes substantial economic losses on the global swine industry due to its profound impact on pig health and production efficiency. The main clinical manifestations are reproductive disorders such as miscarriage, stillbirth or weak foetuses in sows, as well as severe respiratory diseases in pigs of all ages. Currently, due to the high genomic diversity, antigen heterogeneity, and antibody-dependent enhancement effects of PRRSV, vaccination strategies cannot effectively control PRRSV infection.

Cgref1 is a CREB-H-regulated hepatokine that promotes hepatic lipogenesis by mediating epididymal fat insulin resistance.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are interrelated metabolic disorders that pose significant health concerns. Hepatokines and other regulatory factors implicated in these diseases are incompletely understood. Here, we report on a new hepatokine named cell growth regulator with EF-hand domain 1 (Cgref1) that modulates lipid metabolism to aggravate these conditions.

Construction of tough hydrogels based on heterostructure double crosslinking strategy for flow control in harsh reservoirs.

Polymer hydrogels, as an effective technology that significantly reduces plugging in highly permeable formations, have been demonstrated to have important applications in deep profile control and enhanced recovery in complex reservoirs. While conventional preformed particulate gels (PPGs) have limited mechanical strength and thermal stability after swelling, restricting their practical application in oilfields. To construct a heterostructure double crosslinking structure hydrogel, methacrylated lignosulfonate (MLS) was synthesized as crosslinking agent and reacted with N, N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) and functional monomers, including acrylamide (AM), acrylic acid (AA), N-methylolacrylamide (NMA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS).

Enhancing antioxidant and barrier properties of collagen-based films via cellulose microfibrils modification with tannic acid-Fe complex.

Herein, we present a novel collagen-based packaging film that exhibits remarkable antioxidant activity, outstanding oxygen barrier properties, and exceptional mechanical strength. This film was developed by incorporating a combination of cellulose microfibrils (CMF) with modification of the metal-polyphenol network (MPN). The novelty lies in the application of CF with natural, layered, biodegradable, and renewable properties as a substrate and in situ loading of CMF-MPN complex to solve the problems of poor barrier and mechanical properties of CF, meeting the requirements of high antioxidant capacity, mechanical strength, and barrier properties in the food packaging field.

FeOHSO@C Cathode with Low Strain and High Pseudocapacitance for Advanced Potassium-Ion Batteries.

Iron-based polyanionic cathode materials in potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) have appealed to an increasing number of interest due to these advantages of low cost, environmental friendliness and excellent structural stability. However, these inherent drawbacks of inferior electronic conductivity and terrible nanostructural stability hinder its practical application. Here, we report a novel low-strain iron-based polyanion-type cathode material FeOHSO@C for KIBs.

The Potential Protective Role of Mitochondrial Haplogroup R in Ovarian Response: An Exploratory Study.

An investigation of the mtDNA haplogroup in 96 Taiwanese women with diminished ovarian response (DOR) and normal ovarian response (NOR) showed that only the haplogroup R is less likely to experience DOR than other mtDNA haplogroups. When analyzing the relationship between age and mitochondria-related markers (mtDNA copy number, ROS levels, and telomere length), it was observed that ROS levels and telomere length exhibited age-dependent changes, and the number of retrieved oocytes decreased with age. However, in the R haplogroup, these mitochondria-related markers remained stable and did not show significant changes with age.

Platelet factor 4 attenuates inflammation of microglia and protects retinal ganglion cells in retinal excitotoxicity.

Glaucoma, a progressive optic neuropathy characterized by RGC degeneration and irreversible vision loss, currently affects approximately 76 million individuals globally. Despite conventional therapeutic strategies primarily targeting IOP reduction, the ongoing progression of vision loss in normotensive patients highlights an urgent need for alternative neuroprotective interventions. We employed a comprehensive experimental paradigm that integrated both in vivo and in vitro approaches.

Roxadustat regulates the cell cycle and inhibits proliferation of mesangial cells via the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/P53/P21 pathway.

Background: Over-proliferation of mesangial cells (MCs) is one of the main pathological changes in the early stages of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Roxadustat, an oral hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, is widely studied in different models of kidney disease. Whether roxadustat has beneficial effect on the proliferation of MCs and DKD remains unknown.