Genotype-specific retinal and choroidal perfusion patterns in inherited retinal diseases: an SS-OCTA analysis.

Background: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP), an inherited retinal disease, is characterized by progressive vision loss driven by the gradual degeneration of retinal photoreceptors. This process manifests as impaired dark adaptation, night blindness, constriction of the visual field, and the deterioration of central vision. Although the progression can be monitored by electroretinography (ERG), visual field (VF) tests and optical coherence tomography (OCT) to some extent, it's hard to achieve high repeatability.

MDL800, a SIRT6 activator, mitigates neuroinflammation-induced retinal damage by modulating microglial M1/M2 polarization in experimental glaucoma.

Purpose: Glaucoma is a group of irreversible neurodegenerative disorders of the optic nerve, characterized by distinct optic nerve damage and progressive visual field loss, with its pathological foundation involving the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and axonal degeneration. Neuroinflammation driven by the polarization of retinal microglia significantly contributes to RGCs apoptosis. This study investigates the neuroprotective effects of the SIRT6 activator MDL800 on microglial polarization in experimental glaucoma.

Platelet factor 4 attenuates inflammation of microglia and protects retinal ganglion cells in retinal excitotoxicity.

Glaucoma, a progressive optic neuropathy characterized by RGC degeneration and irreversible vision loss, currently affects approximately 76 million individuals globally. Despite conventional therapeutic strategies primarily targeting IOP reduction, the ongoing progression of vision loss in normotensive patients highlights an urgent need for alternative neuroprotective interventions. We employed a comprehensive experimental paradigm that integrated both in vivo and in vitro approaches.

A bitter taste receptor liganded by oxalic acid inhibits brown planthopper feeding by promoting CREB phosphorylation via the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.

Insect gustatory receptors play a critical role in modulating feeding behaviors by detecting external nutritional cues through complex biochemical pathways. Bitter taste receptors are essential for insects to identify and avoid toxins. However, the detailed molecular and cellular mechanisms by which these receptors influence insect feeding behavior remain poorly understood.

From onset to blindness: a comprehensive analysis of -associated X-linked retinopathy in a large cohort in China.

Background: Variants in the are the leading cause of X-linked retinopathies (XLRPs). Further in-depth investigation is needed to understand the natural history.

Methods: Review of all case records, molecular genetic testing results, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), retinal imaging data (including fundus autofluorescence imaging and optical coherence tomography (OCT)), static visual field (VF) assessments and full-field electroretinogram.

Role of nuclear protein Akirin in the modulation of female reproduction in (Hemiptera: Delphacidae).

Akirin as a highly conserved transcription factor, exerts a profound influence on the growth, development, immune response, and reproductive processes in animals. The brown planthopper (BPH), , a major pest in rice production in Asia, possesses high reproductive capacity, a critical factor contributing to reduced rice yields. The aims of this study were to demonstrate the regulatory role of Akirin in the reproduction of BPH.

Neuroprotective effects of apigenin on retinal ganglion cells in ischemia/reperfusion: modulating mitochondrial dynamics in in vivo and in vitro models.

Background: Retinal ischemia/reperfusion (RIR) is implicated in various forms of optic neuropathies, yet effective treatments are lacking. RIR leads to the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and subsequent vision loss, posing detrimental effects on both physical and mental health. Apigenin (API), derived from a wide range of sources, has been reported to exert protective effects against ischemia/reperfusion injuries in various organs, such as the brain, kidney, myocardium, and liver.

Whole genome sequencing enables new genetic diagnosis for inherited retinal diseases by identifying pathogenic variants.

Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) are a group of common primary retinal degenerative disorders. Conventional genetic testing strategies, such as panel-based sequencing and whole exome sequencing (WES), can only elucidate the genetic etiology in approximately 60% of IRD patients. Studies have suggested that unsolved IRD cases could be attributed to previously undetected structural variants (SVs) and intronic variants in IRD-related genes.

Mechanism and ingredients prediction of for retinitis pigmentosa therapy using network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis.

Background: (Danshen)- (Danggui)- (Gouqizi)- (Shudihuang)- (Yinxinye) (RALRG) are commonly used herbs in China that have shown positive effects on retinitis pigmentosa (RP). However, little research has been performed on the impact of RALRG and RP. Herein, this study aimed to predict the mechanism and potential components of RALRG in treating RP.

Development of a multicriteria decision-making model for evaluating hybrid offspring in the sweetpotato ( L.) breeding process.

Sweetpotato variety breeding is always a long process. Screening of hybrid offspring is dominated by empirical judgment in this process. Data analysis and decision fatigue have been troubling breeders.

Bilateral insufficiency fracture of coracoid process: A rare case report.

A 69-year-old man was admitted to the hospital for a left femoral neck fracture. A preliminary chest computed tomography scan showed no coracoid process fracture. The patient had no history of trauma during his hospitalization.

Mutational spectrum in a Chinese cohort with congenital cataracts.

Background: To identify the mutational spectrum in a Chinese cohort with congenital cataracts.

Methods: Probands (n = 164) with congenital cataracts and their affected or unaffected available family members were recruited for clinical examinations and panel-based next-generation sequencing, then classified into a cohort for further mutational analysis.

Results: After recruitment (n = 442; 228 males and 214 females), 49.

Sulfonated PAM/PPy Cryogels with Lowered Evaporation Enthalpy for Highly Efficient Photothermal Water Evaporation.

Because of the increasing scarcity of water resources, the desalination of seawater by photothermal evaporation with harvested solar energy has gradually become a popular research topic. The interconnected macroporous cryogel prepared from polymerization and crosslinking below the freezing temperature of the reactant solution has an excellent performance in photothermal water evaporation after loading photothermal materials. In this study, polyacrylamide (PAM) cryogels were prepared by cryo-polymerization and sulfonated in an alkaline solution containing formaldehyde and NaSO.

Construction of ceRNA network and identification of hub genes in aniridia-associated keratopathy using bioinformatics analysis.

Aniridia-associated keratopathy (AAK) is characteristic at ocular surface of aniridia caused by haploinsufficiency of . Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) has been reported to play an important role in various diseases, whereas its function on AAK is unclear. The microarray data of 20 AAK patients and 20 healthy people were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Identification of Immune Infiltration-Related ceRNAs as Novel Biomarkers for Prognosis of Patients With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness globally; hence, relevant clinical biomarkers are necessary to enable diagnosis, early detection, and development of novel therapies. The differentially expressed genes were annotated and visualized using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia. In addition, a competitive endogenous ribonucleic acids network was constructed using Cytoscape, which explained the regulation of gene expression in glaucoma.

The Expression of Is Essential to Maintain the Purple Color of Leaf and Storage Root in Sweet Potato [ (L.) Lam].

was one of the major anthocyanin biosynthesis regulatory genes that has been identified and utilized in purple-fleshed sweet potato breeding. At least three members of this gene, namely, , , and , have been reported. We found that and are not necessary for anthocyanin accumulation in a variety of cultivated species (hexaploid) with purple shoots or purplish rings/spots of flesh.

Paeonol Induces Protective Autophagy in Retinal Photoreceptor Cells.

Retinal photoreceptor (RP) cells are widely involved in retina-related diseases, and oxidative stress plays a critical role in retinal secondary damage. Herein, we investigated the effectiveness and potential mechanisms of autophagy of paeonol (Pae) in terms of oxidation resistance. The animal model was induced by light damage (LD) , whereas the model was established by HO stimulation.

Mechanisms of low cadmium accumulation in storage root of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.).

Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) possess great application prospects due to their low cadmium (Cd) concentration within their storage roots despite growth on Cd-polluted fields. The mechanisms of low Cd accumulation in storage root is not entirely clear.

SMRT sequencing of the full-length transcriptome of the white-backed planthopper .

The white-backed planthopper is an economically important rice pest distributed throughout Asia. It damages rice crops by sucking phloem sap, resulting in stunted growth and plant virus transmission. We aimed to obtain the full-length transcriptome data of using PacBio single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing.

Effect of long-term cold storage on trehalose metabolism of pre-wintering Harmonia axyridis adults and changes in morphological diversity before and after wintering.

Harmonia axyridis is a major bio-control agent of pests in agriculture and forest ecosystems. It is also a globally important invasive insect species. To test whether dark elytra colour is associated with greater cold hardiness, we compared the survival rate of prolonged cold exposure in both yellow and black colour morphs of female and male H.

Effect of glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase knockdown on the expression of glycogen- and insulin-related genes in the rice brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens.

Nilaparvata lugens is a serious threat to rice growth. Glycogen metabolism is one of the important physiological processes of insects, which is mainly regulated by glycogen synthase (GS) and glycogen phosphorylase (GP). In the present study, trehalose content was significantly reduced at 72 h after NlGP and NlGS knockdown, whereas glucose content was significantly increased at both 48 h and 72 h after GS knockdown.

Insect Behavior and Physiological Adaptation Mechanisms Under Starvation Stress.

Intermittent food shortages are commonly encountered in the wild. During winter or starvation stress, mammals often choose to hibernate while insects-in the form of eggs, mature larvae, pupae, or adults opt to enter diapause. In response to food shortages, insects may try to find sufficient food to maintain normal growth and metabolism through distribution of populations or even migration.

Characterization of the Gene and Its Role in the NF-κB Signaling Pathway of .

Akirin is an essential nuclear protein involved in the regulation of NF-κB signaling pathway. In most invertebrates, Akirin regulates NF-κB-related Imd and Toll pathways, however, in , it only controls the Imd pathway, whereas its role in NF-κB signaling pathway in other insect species is unclear. In the present study, we used white-backed planthopper as a model to investigate the functional activity of Akirin in insects.

The Arabidopsis Mitochondrial Protease FtSH4 Is Involved in Leaf Senescence via Regulation of WRKY-Dependent Salicylic Acid Accumulation and Signaling.

Mitochondria and autophagy play important roles in the networks that regulate plant leaf senescence and cell death. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the interactions between mitochondrial signaling and autophagy are currently not well understood. This study characterized the function of the Arabidopsis () mitochondrial AAA-protease gene in regulating autophagy and senescence, finding that FtSH4 mediates WRKY-dependent salicylic acid (SA) accumulation and signaling.