Research progress on predicting KRAS gene mutations in colorectal cancer by combining radiomics and multimodal medical imaging.

Colorectal cancer (CRC), a highly prevalent malignant tumor in clinical practice, poses a serious threat to human health. In 2015, the relevant guidelines issued by the United States clearly stipulated that only patients with the wild-type kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue (KRAS) gene were recommended to receive epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor treatment. Therefore, accurately predicting the status of the KRAS gene plays a crucial role in formulating scientific and reasonable treatment plans and improving prognosis.

Systematic review and meta-analysis: The efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation combined with endoscopic resection for early superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasia.

Background: Esophageal squamous cell neoplasia (ESCN) is the sixth leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with patients experiencing a decrease in life expectancy. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and endoscopic resection (ER) have each been recommended for treatment of early superficial ESCN in the available clinical guidelines; however, the combined application of RFA and ER for treatment of early superficial ESCN remains inconclusive. We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy of RFA combined with ER in patients diagnosed with early superficial ESCN.

Association of compound exposure to heat wave and ozone pollution with cause-specific cardiopulmonary mortality: A space-time-stratified case-crossover study.

Heat wave and ozone (O) pollution events are increasingly co-occurring in the context of climate change, especially in China. However, the effects of compound exposure to both hazards on cause-specific cardiopulmonary mortality remain largely unclear. In this study, we conducted a space-time-stratified case-crossover study of 550,634 township-level cardiopulmonary deaths in Anhui Province, China, from 2013 to 2021 to systematically evaluate the associations of exposure to heat wave and O pollution with multi-cause cardiopulmonary mortality and quantify their interactive effects Under various definitions, the odds ratios (ORs) of cardiopulmonary mortality associated with heat wave-only events, O pollution-only events, and compound events exposure ranged from 1.

CX26 promotes pancreatic cancer progression by competitively inhibiting interaction of c-Myc with PSMD2 and enhancing c-Myc stability.

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is highly aggressive and fatal and has dismal prognostic outcomes, primarily due to its late-stage diagnosis and limited effective treatments. The molecular mechanisms triggering PC progression are largely unclear. This study investigated how CX26 contributes to pancreatic cancer development and its potential as a therapeutic target.

Stepwise Assembly and Photodynamic Cancer Therapy of Homochiral Dinuclear Ir(III) Triple-Stranded Metallohelices.

Rational design of chiral metallodrugs with precise stereochemical control and enhanced photodynamic performance is pivotal for advancing precision oncology. Herein, we report the stepwise assembly of homochiral dinuclear Ir(III) triple-stranded metallohelices (ΔΔ-/ΛΛ-) via dynamic imine ligation followed by reductive stabilization, yielding configurationally stable amine-bridged helical architectures with locked chirality. While both enantiomers exhibit comparable dark toxicities, the ΔΔ-enantiomer demonstrates enhanced photodynamic activity against multiple cancer cell lines under white light irradiation.

Engineering Redox-Active Metal Sites into Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Photocatalytic Activation and Aerobic Oxidation of C(sp)─H Bonds.

Partial oxidation of alkanes with green O source for valuable oxygenated products is one of the most challenging tasks in chemistry due to the difficulty of the activation of both inert C(sp)─H bonds and unreactive O molecules. Taking advantage of the structural designability of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) for incorporating diverse functional groups and embedding redox-active Fe/Cu ions into a bipyridine-based COF (BPY-COF), metalated COFs (M@COFs; M = Fe, Cu) with open coordinative metal sites are obtained as heterogeneous photocatalysts for the activation and aerobic oxidation of alkanes under mild conditions. Photoinduced activation of the C(sp)-H bonds is achieved via hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) by chlorine radicals (Cl•), which are generated via ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) between the metal centers in the M@COFs and chlorine ions; and the M@COFs with good photoelectric performance can activate O via photoinduced electron transfer (PET).

Structural characterization of mRNA lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) in the presence of mRNA-free LNPs.

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as a versatile platform for mRNA delivery across a range of applications, including disease prevention, cancer immunotherapy, and gene editing. Structural models of mRNA lipid nanoparticles (mRNA-LNPs) have also been proposed based on characterization of samples by using various advanced techniques. Among these, small angle neutron scattering (SANS) has proven essential for elucidating the lipid distribution within mRNA-LNPs, a factor crucial to both their preparation and efficacy.

Assessment of heatwave impacts on child feeding practices across 36 low-income and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional analysis.

Background: Optimal feeding practices during the first 2 years of life are vital for child survival and growth. Current nutrition programmes in low-income and middle-income countries focus primarily on long-term dietary improvement, overlooking the acute challenges that heatwaves present to daily feeding practices in already nutritionally vulnerable populations.

Methods: By using the Demographic and Health Surveys data, we analysed data from the youngest child aged 6-23 months (including both infants aged 6-11 months and young children aged 12-23 months) in 293 137 households across 36 low-income and middle-income countries from 2000 to 2019.

Associations of ambient temperature and relative humidity with hospital admissions in macau, China using time series analysis.

Climate change and extreme weather are increasing global disease burdens, but the association between weather conditions and hospital admissions in Macau remains unclear. This study was performed in the context of Macau, China. It analyzed daily hospital admissions from Macau's hospitals with emergency departments and local meteorological data (2017-2022) using distributed lag nonlinear models with 21-day lag effects.

New insights into axially asymmetric mechanism for enhanced anchoring and catalytic performance in lithium-sulfur batteries.

Lithium‑sulfur batteries (LSBs) are extensively considered as a leading candidate for future-oriented energy storage and conversion systems, facing significant challenges in commercial application caused by the shuttle effect and the slow pace of redox kinetics. To address these challenges, the design of cathode materials with superior performance is essential. In this study, a systematic screening of axially asymmetric N-coordinated graphene-supported transition metal single-atom catalysts (SACs) is conducted using Density Functional Theory (DFT) for analyzing their anchoring and catalytic properties in lithium‑sulfur batteries.

Wire Cerclage Versus Rigid Plate Fixation: A Retrospective Cohort Study and Cost-Benefit Analysis on Method of Sternotomy Closure After Cardiac Surgery.

Background: Despite increasing evidence demonstrating the merits of rigid plate fixation over wire cerclage for sternotomy closure, wire cerclage remains the predominant standard of care, largely because of the substantial cost of plating systems and the perceived lack of difference to outcomes.

Aim: This study aimed to compare the incidence of sternal complications between patients receiving rigid plate fixation vs wire cerclage and thereby assess the cost vs benefit of said sternal closure methods.

Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was performed on patients who underwent open cardiac surgery at a single Australian tertiary centre between January 2019 and January 2023.

Metabolites of epigallocatechin gallate and changes in antioxidant activity through biotransformation with during liquid-state fermentation.

, the dominant fungus in Fu brick tea (FBT) production, critically determines its characteristic quality. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)-the predominant and bioactive tea catechins-undergoes substantial modification during FBT processing, though its microbial-driven biotransformation pathways remain poorly understood. This study comprehensively analyzed -mediated EGCG metabolism during liquid-state fermentation, characterizing the metabolite profiles and their functional implications.

Dual Cofactor Co-Decorated Covalent Organic Framework as an Electron Transfer Regulator for Biomimetic Dioxygen Activation.

Mimicking the synergy of multiple active sites of oxygenase to achieve selective O activation for various oxidations is a very challenging but meaningful task. By introducing the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) active site dihydropyridine amido (DHPA) moiety and heme, a dual cofactor co-decorated covalent organic framework (COF) was obtained to duplicate the synergistically catalytic function of the cytochrome P450 for biomimetic O activation. Covalent co-decoration of dual cofactors in COFs ensures the rapid photogenerated electron transfer from DHPA to heme Fe to generate Fe, selectively activating O to form Fe-O resembling the cytochrome P450 for improving the performance of alcohol oxidation, avoiding conventionally complex multistep cofactor shuttling and regeneration.

IC-ELISAs for the quantitative detection of monkeypox virus cross-immunogenic modified vaccinia virus Ankara antigens L1 and A33.

Vaccination is always the most effective approach to control and prevent monkeypox epidemics. The efficacy testing of vaccines is an important component of vaccine quality control. Based on the 3Rs principles, measuring the content of effective proteins in vaccines to evaluate vaccine efficacy is an excellent alternative to traditional in vivo assays.

An Evaluation of Four Predictive Scores for New Onset Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery in a Tertiary Cardiac Centre.

Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a common complication after cardiac surgery, leading to increased mortality, morbidity, and length of stay. Various predictive indices have been validated to identify patients at risk of developing POAF. This study aimed to compare the discriminative ability of four bedside indices that predict POAF in cardiac surgical patients.

Ten new insights in climate science 2024.

The years 2023 and 2024 were characterized by unprecedented warming across the globe, underscoring the urgency of climate action. Robust science advice for decision makers on subjects as complex as climate change requires deep cross- and interdisciplinary understanding. However, navigating the ever-expanding and diverse peer-reviewed literature on climate change is enormously challenging for individual researchers.

Pharmacological effect and possible mechanism of Mudan Huaban recipe on melasma in mice induced by ultraviolet B and progesterone.

Objective: To analyze the chemical components of Mudan Huaban recipe (, MHR) and evaluate its efficacy and possible mechanism in melasma mice.

Methods: The chemical compositions of MHR were determined by the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-exactive mass spectrometry method. Female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to ultraviolet B and progesterone for 21 d to induce melasma, and Fontana-Masson staining was used to assess the effects of MHR on melasma.

Visual Learning in Electrocardiography Training for Medical Residents: Comparative Intervention Study.

Background: Although electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation training begins early in medical school, achieving accuracy in interpretation of 12-lead ECG remains a persistent challenge. We conducted a pilot educational program to compare the effectiveness of a conventional didactic lecture, self-drawing, and self-drawing following a flipped classroom (SDFC) approach.

Unlabelled: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of three instructional strategies-traditional didactic lecture, self-drawing, and SDFC approach-in improving ECG interpretation skills among first-year postgraduate (PGY-I) medical residents.

Seeing Is Believing: Insights into Myelination and Remyelination in Zebrafish.

Myelin is the lipid-rich insulating layer that wraps axons, providing trophic support and ensuring rapid propagation of the electrical impulses that underlie nervous system function. In the CNS, myelin is produced by mature oligodendrocytes (OLs) that arise from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Myelination is regulated by a variety of molecules, including growth factors, hormones, and extracellular molecules, which activate signaling cascades that drive cellular maturation.

Machine Learning-Driven Band Alignment Strategy for Screening 1T-TMDs-Based Z-Scheme Heterostructures toward Efficient Photocatalytic Water Splitting.

To address the global energy crisis and mitigate environmental challenges stemming from fossil fuel dependence, advancing efficient photocatalytic water splitting technology has become a critical focus in renewable energy research. An innovative design strategy for high-efficiency photocatalysts based on band edge alignment is established through the integration of machine learning (ML) and first-principles computational methods, developing a high-throughput screening framework specifically targeting 1T-phase transition metal dichalcogenides (1T-TMDs). Through optimized feature selection, ML models, and training protocols, the PdSSe monolayer is identified as exhibiting ideal band edge compatibility with the GeC monolayer.

Role of astroglia and microglia in Alzheimer's disease and multiple therapeutic interventions.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) formed by aggregates of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins. It presents a formidable global health challenge, prompting the exploration of innovative therapeutic strategies. This review aims to provide a thorough discussion of astrocytes and microglia to examine whether they are overall beneficial or detrimental for AD on the global level.

Effect of Diquat on gut health: molecular mechanisms, toxic effects, and protective strategies.

Diquat is a widely used bipyridyl herbicide that is extensively applied in agricultural production and water management due to its high efficacy in weed control. However, its environmental persistence and the toxic effects it induces have raised widespread concern. Studies show that Diquat primarily enters the body through the digestive tract, leading to poisoning.

Air pollution and stroke: Short-term exposure's varying effects on stroke subtypes.

Background: Few studies have examined how air pollutants affect various stroke subtypes and how these effects differ with stroke severity, especially among European populations living in less polluted areas.

Methods: We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study using 15 years of hospital-based stroke data from the University Hospital Augsburg in Southern Germany. Daily average air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter < 10μm (PM), coarse particles (PM), fine particles (PM), ozone (O), nitrogen oxides (NO, NO), and meteorological data were obtained from local fixed urban background monitoring sites from 2006 to 2020.

Gut microbiota-derived butyrate alleviates the impairment of mice intestinal integrity caused by Toxoplasma gondii infection.

Chronic infection with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) results in severe damages to the integrity of intestinal barrier, however, both the underlying mechanism and feasible intervention strategies are still little known. Here, we found that both the chronic infection of T.

Stroke risk associated with cold spells occurring during the warm season.

Background: Recent climate changes have resulted in a rising frequency of extreme cold events that take place during the warm season. Few studies have investigated the impact of these warm-season cold spells on cardiovascular health. Here, we aimed to investigate the potential relationship between exposure to relatively low temperature exposure during the warm season and stroke risk.