Sex-specific associations between the triglyceride-glucose index and new-onset hypertension in a hospital employee cohort: evidence from longitudinal annual health examinations.

Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a surrogate marker of insulin resistance and has been associated with incident hypertension. However, evidence regarding sex-specific differences in this association remains limited. This study aimed to investigate whether sex modifies the association between the TyG index and incident hypertension in the general population.

Identification of copper metabolism-related subtypes, the development of a prognosis model, and characterization of the immune landscape in colorectal cancer.

Objective: Abnormalities in copper metabolism are implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression and unfavorable survival outcomes. Although there has been a recent surge of studies on cuprotosis-related genes, most have not elucidated the relationship between copper and tumors from the perspective of copper metabolism in tumors. This study explores the prognostic value of copper metabolism-related genes (CMGs) in CRC and their molecular characteristics within the tumor immune microenvironment.

Cancer cell SPOCD1 promotes colorectal cancer liver metastasis by activating the CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling pathway in cancer-associated fibroblasts.

Background: Liver metastasis remains a major cause of death in colorectal cancer (CRC). Interactions between tumor cells and components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) are integral to the progression of cancer cell migration and metastatic dissemination. Investigating these cellular dynamics is essential for identifying actionable therapeutic targets.

Polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz alleviate LPS-induced inflammatory liver injury by reducing pyroptosis of macrophage via regulating LncRNA GAS5/miR-223-3p/NLRP3 axis.

Introduction: Pyroptosis is a distinctive form of inflammatory cell death, mediated by the activation of the inflammasome, which initiates a potent inflammatory response. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) modulate pyroptosis by targeting microRNAs and their target genes through a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism. Our previous research has confirmed that Polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (PAMK) can alleviate inflammatory liver injury in mice caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), but the specific molecular mechanism remains unclear.

Network toxicological mechanism analysis of pyrethroid insecticides-induced chronic respiratory system damage in humans.

Household pyrethroid insecticides are products frequently encountered in daily human life, such as mosquito and cockroach control agents. While generally regarded as safe with low toxicity and minimal impact on humans, growing evidence indicates their chronic adverse effects on the human respiratory system cannot be overlooked. This study employed network toxicology and molecular docking techniques to investigate six common active ingredients of household pyrethroid insecticides (Theta-Cypermethrin, Transfluthrin, Cyphenothrin, Prallethrin, Dimefluthrin, Imiprothrin).

Evaluating Binary Molybdenum Alloys as Strong and Ductile High-Temperature Materials.

Molybdenum alloys as refractory alloys can provide strength levels at operating temperatures higher than that of Ni-base superalloys, yet their ductility is usually inferior to Ni-base alloys. Currently, commercialized Mo alloys are much fewer than Ni alloys. The motivation of this work is to explore opportunities of discovering useful alloys from the usually less investigated binary Mo-X systems (X = alloying element).

The effects of individual differences in anxiety on anti-predator responses, thermal and hypoxia tolerance in zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Anxiety, as a crucial stress response to potential threats in animals, exhibits significant individual differences, with high-anxiety individuals typically allocating greater attentional resources to threat detection. We hypothesized that such individuals would demonstrate enhanced threat sensitivity and anti-predator responses, but compromised stress tolerance due to constrained energy allocation. Using the novel tank diving test, we screened zebrafish (Danio rerio) with high- and low-anxiety phenotypes and compared their anti-predator responses (anxiety-like behaviors, metabolic rates, and predator avoidance behaviors) under predator chemical or visual cues, along with their thermal and hypoxia tolerance capacities under baseline conditions.

The Potential of Matrine in the Treatment of Breast Cancer: A Review.

Breast cancer ranks as the fifth-most-prevalent malignancy worldwide, characterized by high heterogeneity and multifactorial etiology across molecular subtypes. Despite advancements in conventional therapies, including surgery and chemotherapy, persistent challenges such as treatment-related adverse effects and acquired drug resistance necessitate alternative therapeutic strategies. Matrine, a naturally occurring alkaloid derived from Sophora flavescens, has demonstrated significant anticancer potential through multiple mechanisms.

Pou2af1 Deficiency Aggravates DSS-Induced Colitis via Impaired Germinal Center Responses and Altered Gut Microbiota.

Background: Bob1 plays a critical role in immune system regulation, particularly in the function of B cells. Its deficiency in the context of colitis remains underexplored. This study investigates the effects of Bob1 (Pou2af1) deficiency on colitis, particularly focusing on immune responses and gut microbiota alterations in a murine model.

A combined inferior epigastric artery perforator propeller flap with scrotal flap for the reconstruction of a massive penoscrotal defect:A case report.

Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a rare malignant skin tumor that commonly affects the penis and scrotum. This article presents a case of penoscrotal Paget's disease, detailing the diagnosis, treatment, and reconstructive process. Precise defect repair was achieved by excising the lesion and employing a combined propeller flap based on the inferior epigastric artery perforator and a scrotal skin flap.

Identification and validation of intergeneric hybrids between Saccharum officinarum and Erianthus rockii using molecular and cytogenetic tools.

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.), a vital crop for sugar and bioenergy production, faces challenges in breeding due to its narrow genetic base and susceptibility to environmental stresses. To enhance genetic diversity, distant hybridization with wild relatives such as Erianthus rockii, known for its drought tolerance and strong ratooning ability, offers a promising strategy.

Preparation and performance evaluation of polymer intercalated montmorillonite composite high temperature scale inhibitor.

In this study, based on the escalating demand for thermally stable scale inhibitors in high-pressure/high-temperature (HPHT) water-gas reservoirs, an organic-inorganic composite scale inhibitor (CT-5) was successfully synthesized via solution polymerization-mediated in situ intercalation using acrylic acid (AA), 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DMDAAC) as monomers, with surface-modified montmorillonite (MMT) as reactive filler. Orthogonal optimization established ideal synthesis parameters, which including a reaction temperature of 75 °C, an initiator dosage of 0.6%, a solution pH of 7, a reaction time of 12 h, and a monomer ratio of m (AMPS): m (AA): m (DMDAAC): m (MMT) = 48:25:23:4.

LDHA-lactate axis modulates mitophagy inhibiting CSFV replication.

Unlabelled: Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) plays a crucial role in regulating lactate synthesis in various biological processes. Lactate, a byproduct of glycometabolism, has been recognized as a unique molecule with implications in both metabolism and immunity. Classical swine fever (CSF), caused by the classical swine fever virus (CSFV), is a highly contagious and severe infectious disease that primarily affects pigs.

A Rare Case of Anti-Kpa Antibody Identification in a Chinese Patient.

Background: Here we present a rare case of anti-Kpa alloantibody identified in a Chinese individual, along with a literature review.

Methods: An antibody identification test was conducted to clarify the antibody specificity. To further characterize this antibody, we assessed the reactivity of the patient's serum with relative antigen-positive red blood cells at different test phases.

Enantio- and Diastereoselective Synthesis of P-Stereogenic Phospholane Oxides via Cobalt-Catalyzed Hydroalkylation.

Chiral phospholane ligands and catalysts have been widely applied in asymmetric catalysis and synthesis. However, the construction of the chiral phospholane skeleton remains challenging and primarily relies on the use of chiral auxiliaries or resolution. In this work, a highly enantioselective and diastereoselective synthesis of P-stereogenic phospholane oxides has been achieved through a cobalt-catalyzed desymmetric hydroalkylation strategy.

Single-cell analysis identifies MKI67 microglia as drivers of neovascularization in proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Background: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is among the primary causes of blindness in individuals with diabetes. Elevated lactate levels have been identified as a critical biomarker associated with the prognosis of PDR. While significant lactate accumulation has been observed in the vitreous fluid of PDR patients, the detailed pathways through which lactate impacts pathological neovascularization remain insufficiently elucidated.

Trypsin-catalyzed asymmetric aldol reactions of isatins with cyclic ketones and the mechanistic insights on activity differences at theoretical level.

The promiscuous activity of bovine trypsin was explored in asymmetric aldol reactions between isatins and cyclic ketones. Detailed screening on the conditions with model substrates allowed to provide better catalytic performance. Especially, addition of calcium ion, as a natural stabilizer of trypsin, could improve stereoselectivity although slight losing yield.

Enhancing slow-release performance of biochar-based fertilizers with kaolinite-infused polyvinyl alcohol/starch coating: From fertilizer development to field application.

Conventional biochar-based fertilizers, which typically consist of a mixture of biochar, chemical fertilizers, and additives, offer benefits but often exhibit rapid nutrient release, limiting their long-term effectiveness. Herein, we explored the enhancement of slow-release performance in biochar-based compound fertilizers by incorporating a kaolinite-infused polyvinyl alcohol/starch (K-PVA/ST) coating, resulting in a new formulation denoted as K-PVA/ST-BCF. The results demonstrated that, compared to traditional NPK fertilizers, nitrogen leaching from K-PVA/ST-BCF in soil column leaching tests was reduced to 19.

Histone H2B lysine lactylation modulates the NF-κB response via KPNA2 during CSFV infection.

Histone lysine lactylation (Kla) has recently been reported to participate in various biological processes, regulating transcription, inflammation, and immune-related diseases. However, the mechanism of histone Kla in innate immunity and viral infection remains largely unknown. Here, we observed fluorescent Kla signals in all four histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) in PK-15 cells.

Association between the heart rate to temperature ratio and 28-day mortality in patients with heart failure in intensive care unit: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a life-threatening condition with a high mortality rate. The precise relationship between the heart rate and temperature (HR/T) ratio and mortality in patients with HF remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the HR/T ratio and 28-day intensive care unit (ICU) mortality rates in patients with HF.

Hsa-miR-214-3p inhibits breast cancer cell growth and improves the tumor immune microenvironment by downregulating B7H3.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors play an important role in the treatment of solid tumors, but the currently used immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) show limited clinical efficacy in many breast cancers. B7H3 has been widely reported as an immunosuppressive molecule, but its immunological function in breast cancer patients remains unclear.

Methods: We analyzed the expression of B7H3 in breast cancer samples using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases.

Association between the serum albumin-creatinine ratio and 28-day intensive care unit mortality among patients with sepsis: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Sepsis is a substantial global health challenge with a considerable disease burden. Despite advancements in sepsis research, the mortality rates associated with this condition remain high. The relationship between the serum albumin-to-creatinine ratio (sACR) and mortality in patients with sepsis remains unclear.

Regional fire-greening positive feedback loops in Alaskan Arctic tundra.

Arctic tundra has experienced rapid warming, outpacing global averages, leading to significant greening whose primary drivers include widespread shrubification. Here we confirm that a fire-greening positive feedback loop is evident across the Alaskan tundra, and evidence suggests that this feedback loop is dominated by the fire-shrub interactions. We show that tundra wildfires, especially those with higher severity, play a critical role in boosting the overall greening of the tundra, often by enhancing upright deciduous shrub growth or establishment but sometimes by inducing increases in other vascular biomass.