Cutting-edge technologies in neural regeneration.

Neural regeneration stands at the forefront of neuroscience, aiming to repair and restore function to damaged neural tissues, particularly within the central nervous system (CNS), where regenerative capacity is inherently limited. However, recent breakthroughs in biotechnology, especially the revolutions in genetic engineering, materials science, multi-omics, and imaging, have promoted the development of neural regeneration. This review highlights the latest cutting-edge technologies driving progress in the field, including optogenetics, chemogenetics, three-dimensional (3D) culture models, gene editing, single-cell sequencing, and 3D imaging.

SlXTH1, a xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase in halophyte Suaeda liaotungensis, negatively regulates Arabidopsis seed germination under salt stress.

Seed germination is accompanied by cell wall remodeling. Cell wall remodeling proteins, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTHs), play a crucial role in embryo cell growth and endosperm weakening during seed germination. Nonetheless, the function of XTHs in seed germination under salt stress has not been reported.

Helicobacter pylori infection promotes the progression of gastric cancer by regulating the expression of DMBT1.

Background: Each year, more than a million people are diagnosed with gastric cancer (GC) worldwide, and the incidence of this disease is projected to increase. (. ) is the major cause of GC.

Using Machine Learning to Predict MACEs Risk in Patients with Premature Myocardial Infarction.

Background: The study aimed to develop an interpretable machine learning (ML) model to assess and stratify the risk of long-term major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with premature myocardial infarction (PMI) and to analyze the key variables affecting prognosis.

Methods: This prospective study consecutively included patients (male ≤50 years, female ≤55 years) diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at Tianjin Chest Hospital between January 2017 and December 2022. The study endpoint was the occurrence of MACEs during the follow-up period, which was defined as cardiac death, nonfatal stroke, readmission for heart failure, nonfatal recurrent myocardial infarction, and unplanned coronary revascularization.

Machine learning algorithms to predict heart failure with preserved ejection fraction among patients with premature myocardial infarction.

Background: Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) in patients with Premature Myocardial Infarction (PMI) is a crucial factor affecting long-term prognosis. This study aims to develop a model based on a machine learning algorithm that can predict the risk of in-hospital HFpEF in patients with PMI early and quickly.

Methods: This prospective study consecutively included PMI patients from January 2017 to December 2022.

Dynamic Prediction of Cardiovascular Death among Old People with Mildly Reduced Kidney Function Using Deep Learning Models Based on a Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is more likely to occur in old people with mildly reduced kidney function. We aimed to identify target features in this cohort to reduce cardiovascular death using deep learning models.

Methods: A total of 12,650 older people (age ≥60) with mildly reduced kidney function from Tianjin Community Health Promotion Prospective Study were recruited from 2014 to 2020.

T helper cell 17/regulatory T cell balance regulates ulcerative colitis and the therapeutic role of natural plant components: a review.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disease characterized by progressive mucosal damage. The incidence rate of UC is rising rapidly, which makes the burden of medical resources aggravated. In UC, due to various pathogenic factors such as mucosal immune system disorders, gene mutations and environmental factors disrupting the mucosal barrier function, the midgut pathogenic bacteria and exogenous antigens translocate into the lamina propria, thereby aggravating the inflammatory response and further damages the mucosal barrier.

Physiological Adaptation to Different Heavy Metal Stress in Seedlings of Halophyte .

Soil contamination with heavy metals is a worldwide environmental issue that impacts plant growth and human health. This study is the first to investigate the tolerance and physiological response mechanism of seedlings to heavy metal stress. The results exhibited that the toxicity degree of Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn to seedlings was highest for Cd and lowest for Pb.

Antiphospholipid syndrome in patients with fetal death: a prospective longitudinal cohort study.

To investigate the causes of fetal death, focusing on maternal antiphospholipid syndrome diagnosis, and to follow the patients for changes in antiphospholipid antibodies, subsequent pregnancy outcomes, and thrombotic events. This is a prospective longitudinal cohort study that recruited patients who were hospitalized for fetal death at ≥ 10 weeks of gestation from three tertiary hospitals in China. Antiphospholipid syndrome was diagnosed according to the 2006 Sydney classification criteria.

Cell Function Graphics: TOGGLE delineates fate and function within individual cell types via single-cell transcriptomics.

Functional RNA plays a crucial role in regulating cellular processes throughout the life cycle of a cell. Identifying functional changes at each stage, from inception to development to maturation, functional execution, and eventual death or pathological transformation, often requires systematic comparisons of functional expression across cell populations. However, because cells of the same type often exhibit similar gene expression patterns regardless of function or fate, it is challenging to distinguish the stages of cellular fate or functional states within the same cell type, which also limits our understanding of cellular memory.

Roles of Kdm6a and Kdm6b in Regulation of Mammalian Neural Regeneration.

Epigenetic regulation of neuronal transcriptomic landscape is emerging to be a key coordinator of mammalian neural regeneration. The roles of two histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27) demethylases, Kdm6a/b, in controlling neuroprotection and axon regeneration are investigated here. Deleting either Kdm6a or Kdm6b leads to enhanced sensory axon regeneration in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), whereas in the central nervous system (CNS), only deleting Kdm6a in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) significantly enhances optic nerve regeneration.

Associations between cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome and disability in activities of daily living: a nationwide longitudinal study among the middle-aged and older adults in China.

Background: Activities in daily living (ADLs) disability triggered by aging population and chronic diseases in the middle-aged and older adults has become a major public health challenge. Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome, as a combination of several chronic conditions, has not yet been studied to explore its association with ADLs disability. We examined the association between CKM syndrome and ADLs disability among middle-aged and older adults in China and whether it varied by age and socioeconomic status.

Advanced Machine Learning to Predict Coronary Artery Disease Severity in Patients with Premature Myocardial Infarction.

Background: Studies using machine learning to identify the target characteristics and develop predictive models for coronary artery disease severity in patients with premature myocardial infarction (PMI) are limited.

Methods: In this observational study, 1111 PMI patients (≤55 years) at Tianjin Chest Hospital from 2017 to 2022 were selected and divided according to their SYNTAX scores into a low-risk group (≤22) and medium-high-risk group (>22). These groups were further randomly assigned to a training or test set in a ratio of 7:3.

[Long-term clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction due to late and very late stent thrombosis].

Objective: To explore the prognosis and influencing factors of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) due to late stent thrombosis (LST) and very late stent thrombosis (VLST).

Methods: Patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for STEMI caused by LST and VLST at Tianjin Chest Hospital from January 2016 to June 2021 were selected as the study subjects, and long-term follow-up was conducted. The baseline clinical features, laboratory examination indicators, echocardiography results, coronary angiography and intervention treatment characteristics, and antiplatelet treatment status of patients were collected.

Phase II Pilot Trial of Tislelizumab plus Low-Dose Nab-Paclitaxel for Extensive Very High-Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Purpose: Combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors and nab-paclitaxel have improved outcomes in advanced urothelial carcinoma and muscle-invasive bladder cancer. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of tislelizumab combined with low-dose nab-paclitaxel in extensive very high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Patients And Methods: TRUCE-02 was a single-arm phase II trial that included 63 patients with visually incomplete resection and/or high-volume high-grade T1 tumors (with or without carcinoma in situ) who were ineligible for or declined radical cystectomy.

All-solid-state batteries designed for operation under extreme cold conditions.

A pressing need for enhancing lithium-ion battery (LIB) performance exists, particularly in ensuring reliable operation under extreme cold conditions. All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) offer a promising solution to the challenges posed by conventional LIBs with liquid electrolytes in low-temperature environments. In this study, leveraging the benefits of amorphous solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) xLiN-TaCl (1 ≤ 3x ≤ 2), we develop ASSBs capable of functioning effectively under extreme cold conditions.

Marcks overexpression in retinal ganglion cells promotes optic nerve regeneration.

Regeneration of injured central nervous system (CNS) axons is highly restricted, leading to permanent neurological deficits. The myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) is a membrane-associated protein kinase C (PKC) substrate ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotic cells, plays critical roles in development, brain plasticity, and tissues regeneration. However, little is known about the role of Marcks in CNS axon regeneration.

Standardly Trained Peer Volunteer-Led, Social App Recruiting-Based Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing Strategy Using Rapid Testing Kits (SPARK) Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Population-Based Survey Evaluation.

Background: Social app recruiting-based and peer-led testing strategies have been proven effective in increasing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing among men who have sex with men (MSM), though their combination remains underevaluated. We aimed to assess the efficiency of a combined strategy named "standardly trained peer volunteer-led, social app recruiting-based HIV testing strategy using rapid testing kits" (SPARK).

Methods: Between March 2020 and December 2021, 177 trained peer volunteers tested 7256 eligible MSM testers.

Response of seed germination, seedling growth and physiological characteristics to alkali stress in halophyte Suaeda liaotungensis.

Soil salinization has been considered as a major environmental threat to plant growth. Different types of salt in saline soil have different effects on germination and seedling growth. Effect of NaCl on germination and seedling establishment in Suaeda liaotungensis have been reported, but its response to alkali stress remains unclear.

Identifying patterns of sexual behaviors and PrEP uptake characteristics among MSM who were eligible for PrEP: A national cross-section study.

Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at a high risk of HIV infection and should be offered effective preventive measures, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). However, PrEP uptake among eligible MSM was not as high as desired. Diverse research findings on how risky sexual behaviors affect PrEP uptake highlight the necessity for a comprehensive investigation.

Correlates of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis cessation among men who have sex with men in China: implications from a nationally quantitative and qualitative study.

Background: Several studies have demonstrated the population-level effectiveness of oral PrEP in reducing the risk of HIV infection. However, oral PrEP utilization among MSM in China remains below 1%. While existing literature has primarily focused on oral PrEP preference and willingness, there is limited exploration of the underlying factors contributing to oral PrEP cessation in China.

[Vitamin D3 alleviates the gastritis that associated with Helicobacter pylori infection in mice with hypercholesterolemia by enhancing the activity of vitamin D receptors in the liver tissue and blocking the signaling pathway of JAK/STAT3].

Objective To investigate whether vitamin D3 (VD3) can alleviate Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection by reducing blood lipids and inhibiting the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK/STAT3) signaling pathway. Methods High-cholesterol mouse model and Hp infected mouse model were established. Each was treated with VD3 via oral administration for 8 weeks.

Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the potential mechanism of GA-induced dormancy release in black seeds.

Bunge produces dimorphic seeds on the same plant, with brown seeds displaying non-dormant characteristics and black seeds exhibiting intermediate physiological dormancy traits. Previous studies have shown that black seeds have a very low germination rate under natural conditions, but exogenous GA effectively enhanced the germination rate of black seeds. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of GA on black seeds are still unclear.

Sources, trigger points, and effect size of associations between PM-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO): A panel study with 16 follow-up visits over 4 years.

Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) is a significant concern for respiratory health. However, the sources, trigger points, and effect size of specific associations between PM components, particularly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the airway inflammatory marker fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) have not been fully explored. In this study, 69 healthy college students were enrolled and followed up 16 times from 2014 to 2018.