DeepAnnotation: A novel interpretable deep learning-based genomic selection model that integrates comprehensive functional annotations.

Background: Genomic selection, which leverages genomic information to predict the breeding value of individuals, has dramatically accelerated the improvement of economically important traits. The growing availability of multiomics data in agricultural species offers an unprecedented opportunity to enrich this process with prior biological knowledge. However, fully harnessing these rich data sources for accurate phenotype prediction in genomic selection remains in its early stages.

Photoinduced EDA Complexes Enabled C3 (Hetero)arylation of Indoles Using Amine as a Transient Occupying Group.

Herein, an EDA complex enabled selective C3 (hetero)arylation of indole was established, utilizing morpholine as the transient occupying group. This protocol is efficient, sustainable, and exhibits excellent substrate compatibility and functional group tolerance. Mechanistic studies revealed the binding of morpholine to the C2 position of the indole cation radical plays a key role in forming the transient radical at the C3 position.

Photoinduced EDA Complex-Enabled Deboronative Arylation of Potassium Alkyltrifluoroborates.

The green synthesis chemistry mediated by photoinduced electron donor-acceptor (EDA) chemistry is highly compelling and desirable in both academic and industrial applications. Herein, an EDA complex-enabled deboronative arylation was established by using readily available potassium alkyltrifluoroborates and (hetero)aryl nitriles under mild conditions, eliminating the need for photocatalysts, transition metals, bases, and oxidants. Mechanistic investigations provided insights into the formation of a novel EDA complex involving alkyltrifluoroborates and aryl nitriles.

Mechanistic Role of PIEZO1 in Crouzon Syndrome: Osteogenic Regulation By FGFR2-Mutated Periosteal Progenitors at the Ossification Interface.

Crouzon syndrome represents an autosomal dominant genetic disorder primarily characterized by craniofacial malformations. Recent advancements have enabled the successful derivation of periosteal stem cells from the periosteum, a critical reservoir of osteogenic progenitor cells. This investigation employs periosteal stem cells transfected with the C361Y-FGFR2 point mutation in conjunction with an in vitro mechanical tensile stress model to elucidate the aberrant osteogenic differentiation patterns under mechanical stimulation.

Photoinduced EDA Complexes Enabled C(sp)-OMe Bond Cleavage and Cyanation of Electron-Rich Arenes.

Herein, an EDA complex enabling C(sp)-OMe bond cleavage and cyanation was established by using 1,4-dicyanobenzene as both an electron-deficient acceptor and a low-toxicity cyanide source. Mechanistic studies revealed the role of double EDA complexes in forming the cyanide anion and aromatic cation radical intermediate, leading to a diverse array of valuable aryl nitrile derivatives in good to excellent yields. Furthermore, late-stage functionalization of biorelevant compounds and gram-scale synthesis demonstrate the utility of this methodology.

AI in SPECT Imaging: Opportunities and Challenges.

SPECT is a widely used imaging modality in nuclear medicine which provides essential functional insights into cardiovascular, neurological, and oncological diseases. However, SPECT imaging suffers from limited quantitative accuracy due to low spatial resolution and high noise levels, posing significant challenges for precise diagnosis, disease monitoring, and treatment planning. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI), in particular deep learning-based techniques such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), generative adversarial networks (GANs), and transformers, have led to substantial improvements in SPECT image reconstruction, enhancement, attenuation correction, segmentation, disease classification, and multimodal fusion.

Multi-omics analysis reveals critical -regulatory roles of transposable elements in livestock genomes.

Transposable elements (TEs) are important sources of genetic and regulatory variation, yet their functional roles in domesticated animals remain insufficiently explored. To address this gap, we comprehensively annotated TE types, ages, and distributions in the genomes of pig (Sus scrofa), cattle (Bos taurus), and chicken (Gallus gallus). Our analysis revealed species-specific patterns in TE abundance, amplification, and activity in modern genomes.

Genomic correlation, shared loci, and causal association between obesity, periodontitis and tooth loss.

Observational studies have reported an association of obesity with periodontitis and tooth loss, yet findings remain inconsistent. We aim to investigate the genetic link underlying obesity-related traits (BMI [body mass index], WHR [waist-to-hip ratio], WHRBMI and childhood BMI), periodontitis and tooth loss. Leveraging summary statistics from large-scale genome-wide association studies, we comprehensively investigated the pair-wise genetic correlation using linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) and SUPERGNOVA, identified shared loci using cross-phenotype association analysis (CPASSOC), and estimated causal association using Mendelian randomization.

3D face reconstruction for maxillofacial surgery based on morphable models and neural networks: A preliminary assessment for anthropometry accuracy.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the anthropometric accuracy of 3D face reconstruction based on neural networks (3DFRBN) using 2D images, including the assessment of global errors and landmarks, as well as linear and angular measurements.

Methods: Thirty healthy volunteers were recruited in this study. For each volunteer, five standard photos were taken, capturing anterior, 45° to left and right, and 90° to left and right views.

Regioselective -Trideuteromethylation of Tautomeric Polyaza Heterocycles.

Methods for regioselective -trideuteromethylation of tautomeric polyaza heterocycles are highly sought-after. Disclosed herein is an -trideuterated methylation reaction of imidazoles and pyrazoles with high regioselectivity and deuterium purity using easily available CFSOCD as the -CD source. This method enables the easy synthesis of important deuterium-labeled azoles, including dimetridazole-, ipronidazole-, hydroxy dimetridazole-, and ronidazole-.

Identifying and overcoming COVID-19 vaccination impediments using Bayesian data mining techniques.

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly reshaped human life. The development of COVID-19 vaccines has offered a semblance of normalcy. However, obstacles to vaccination have led to substantial loss of life and economic burdens.

Constructing eRNA-mediated gene regulatory networks to explore the genetic basis of muscle and fat-relevant traits in pigs.

Background: Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) play a crucial role in transcriptional regulation. While significant progress has been made in understanding epigenetic regulation mediated by eRNAs, research on the construction of eRNA-mediated gene regulatory networks (eGRN) and the identification of critical network components that influence complex traits is lacking.

Results: Here, employing the pig as a model, we conducted a comprehensive study using H3K27ac histone ChIP-seq and RNA-seq data to construct eRNA expression profiles from multiple tissues of two distinct pig breeds, namely Enshi Black (ES) and Duroc.

An Analysis of a Transposable Element Expression Atlas during 27 Developmental Stages in Porcine Skeletal Muscle: Unveiling Molecular Insights into Pork Production Traits.

The development and growth of porcine skeletal muscle determine pork quality and yield. While genetic regulation of porcine skeletal muscle development has been extensively studied using various omics data, the role of transposable elements (TEs) in this context has been less explored. To bridge this gap, we constructed a comprehensive atlas of TE expression throughout the developmental stages of porcine skeletal muscle.

Grain-refining mechanism in hypereutectic Al-20Si alloy with minor Sr - Sc - La and ultrasonic vibration treatment.

The grain-refining mechanism with minor Sr - Sc - La and ultrasonic vibration treatment (UVT) in the hypereutectic Al-20Si alloy were studied. The results demonstrated that the microstructure of the hypereutectic Al-20Si alloy could be refined significantly, further improve its mechanical properties. The desirable refinement of the microstructure was achieved using 0.

DeepSATA: A Deep Learning-Based Sequence Analyzer Incorporating the Transcription Factor Binding Affinity to Dissect the Effects of Non-Coding Genetic Variants.

Utilizing large-scale epigenomics data, deep learning tools can predict the regulatory activity of genomic sequences, annotate non-coding genetic variants, and uncover mechanisms behind complex traits. However, these tools primarily rely on human or mouse data for training, limiting their performance when applied to other species. Furthermore, the limited exploration of many species, particularly in the case of livestock, has led to a scarcity of comprehensive and high-quality epigenetic data, posing challenges in developing reliable deep learning models for decoding their non-coding genomes.

Evaluation of artificial intelligent breast ultrasound on lesion detection and characterization compared with hand-held ultrasound in asymptomatic women.

Introduction: To compare the accuracy of Artificial Intelligent Breast Ultrasound (AIBUS) with hand-held breast ultrasound (HHUS) in asymptomatic women and to offer recommendations for screening in regions with limited medical resources.

Methods: 852 participants who underwent both HHUS and AIBUS were enrolled between December 2020 and June 2021. Two radiologists, who were unaware of the HHUS results, reviewed the AIBUS data and scored the image quality on a separate workstation.

Application of Surgery-First Approach in Treating Skeletal Dentofacial Asymmetry with Orthognathic Surgery.

Background: Skeletal dentofacial asymmetry decreases patient's attractiveness by deteriorating symmetry of facial appearance which is of great significance to individuals. Surgery-first orthognathic approach manifests its advantages of shortening treatment time and improving patient's quality of life. However, current literature on surgery-first approach mainly focuses on treating prognathism, overlooking its efficacy in improving facial symmetry of skeletal dentofacial asymmetry patients.

"Medium-ring" strategy enables high-performance narrowband pure-blue multi-resonance emitters: boost provided by a unique perpendicular geometry.

The introduction of a heptagonal tribenzo[,,]azepine (TBA) donor onto BCz-BN enabled the development of a pure-blue narrowband emitter, TBA-BCz-BN, and induced a significant blue shift of emission from 483 nm to 468 nm and a decrease in the singlet-triplet energy gap from 0.17 eV to 0.14 eV.

Application and Accuracy of Craniomaxillofacial Plastic Surgery Robot in Congenital Craniosynostosis Surgery.

Objective: The objective of this study was to observe the accuracy and security of the craniomaxillofacial plastic surgery robot in congenital craniosynostosis surgery and to enhance and improve its performance.

Materials And Methods: We performed model surgical experiments on computed tomography data of 5 children with congenital craniosynostosis who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital, and model surgical experiments and animal experiments on the skulls of 3 Bama minipigs.

Results: There was no statistically significant difference shown either in model experiments or animal experiments in comparing the actual operation with the surgical simulation and inside the groups ( P >0.

A Novel and Simplified Parameter for Mandible Angle Asymmetry Evaluation in Chinese Females.

Aim: To develop a novel and simplified parameter for mandible angle asymmetry (MAA) evaluation for facial countering surgeries in Chinese females.

Materials And Methods: A total of 250 craniofacial computer tomography of healthy Chinese individuals were collected in this retrospective study. Mimics 21.

Efficiency Recycling and Utilization of Phosphate from Wastewater Using LDHs-Modified Biochar.

The excessive application of phosphate fertilizers easily causes water eutrophication. Phosphorus recovery by adsorption is regarded as an effective and simple intervention to control water bodies' eutrophication. In this work, a series of new adsorbents, layered double hydroxides (LDHs)-modified biochar (BC) with different molar ratios of Mg and Fe, were synthesized based on waste jute stalk and used for recycling phosphate from wastewater.

Medium-Ring Strategy Enables Multiple Resonance Emitters with Twisted Geometry and Fast Spin-Flip to Suppress Efficiency Roll-Off.

Suppressing aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect and reducing device efficiency roll-off are both crucial yet challenging for multi-resonance (MR) emitters. Herein, we put forward a medium-ring strategy to design efficient MR emitters that feature heptagonal tribenzo[b,d,f]azepine (TBA) donors. The highly twisted conformation enlarges the intermolecular distances between the MR-emitting cores, and thus suppresses ACQ effect.

Treatment of Asymmetric Crying Face by Fascia lata Grafting.

Objective: To evaluate and discuss the plastic surgery treatment of asymmetric crying face.

Methods: From 2019 to 2022, 60 patients with asymmetric crying face were treated by fascia lata grafting. We evaluated the postoperative improvement, summarized experiences and reviewed literatures about the treatment of asymmetric crying face.

Modified Intramolecular-Lock Strategy Enables Efficient Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters for Non-Doped OLEDs.

The development of intramolecular-lock strategy is an appealing task for designing efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules, but only limited examples have been reported so far. Herein we present a "medium ring"-lock strategy to develop TADF emitters for improving the efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The installation of an electron-deficient heptagonal diimide lock onto a highly rotatable biphenyl-based emitter not only enhances electron-withdrawing ability of acceptor that decreases singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔE ), but also endows the skeleton with modest rigidity and flexibility that increases photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) in neat film.