Phosphine-Catalyzed [3 + 2] Annulation of Sulfamidate-Derived 1-Azadienes: Synthesis of Spiro[Oxathiazole-Cyclopentene] Scaffolds and Spirocyclic Aziridine Derivatives.

This study presents a phosphine-catalyzed [3 + 2] annulation of sulfamidate imine-derived 1-azadienes with Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) carbonates or allenoates, affording densely functionalized spiro[oxathiazole-cyclopentene] architectures under mild reaction conditions in generally high yields and excellent diastereoselectivities. Through a reductive ring contraction sequence of the spirocyclic thiosulfamide, valuable spirocyclic aziridine derivatives were accessed conveniently via both two-step and one-pot protocols.

MBD2 deficiency attenuates CCl-induced hepatic fibrosis by inhibiting M2 macrophage polarization.

Purpose: Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 (MBD2) serves as a pivotal reader of DNA methylation and has been linked to fibrosis in the kidney and lung. However, its role and the underlying mechanisms in liver fibrosis remain unclear.

Materials And Methods: Hepatic fibrosis (HF) was induced in C57BL/6 mice using carbon tetrachloride (CCl).

Polysaccharides Target Gut Microbiota to Suppress NOD2-Driven Inflammation and Modulate Bile Acid Metabolism in Colitis.

, a traditional medicinally edible herb, exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activity. Its primary active components are fermentable polysaccharides, which enhance the proliferation of beneficial gut microbiota. However, the role of the gut microbiota in the anti-inflammatory effects of polysaccharides (PCPs) has not been adequately explored, and the mechanisms involved remain largely unelucidated.

Predictive model of double-J pipe scab size after radical total cystectomy based on Boruta feature selection and LASSO technique: A retrospective cross-sectional study.

ObjectiveThis study sought to develop a prediction model for double-J pipe scab following radical total cystectomy.MethodsThis retrospective study included clinical data on 175 patients who underwent routine double-J pipe replacement after radical total cystectomy. A double-J pipe scab was the nomogram's outcome.

GCSA-ResNet: a deep neural network architecture for Malware detection.

With the exponential growth in the quantity and complexity of malware, traditional detection methods face severe challenges. This paper proposes GCSA-ResNet, a novel deep learning model that significantly enhances malware detection performance by integrating the Global Channel-Spatial Attention (GCSA) module with ResNet-50. The core innovation lies in the GCSA module, which for the first time collaboratively designs channel attention, channel shuffling, and spatial attention mechanisms to simultaneously capture local texture features and global dependency relationships in visualized malware images.

Potential of Urinary Mutation and Methylation Biomarkers in Selecting Candidates for Repeat Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor in Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: A Prospective Multicenter Study.

Background And Objective: The necessity of repeat transurethral resection of bladder tumor (re-TURBT) in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) remains a matter of debate. The role of liquid biopsy in predicting residual tumor status and selecting patients who can be spared re-TURBT is still undefined. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of the urinary OncoUrine assay for mutation and methylation markers in determining the necessity for re-TURBT in NMIBC.

Difunctionalization of Sulfamate-Derived Cyclic Imines through Phosphine Catalysis.

With the use of alkynyl 1,2-diones as phosphine acceptors and HO as a reaction partner, an unprecedented phosphine-catalyzed three-component difunctionalization of sulfamate-derived cyclic imines was achieved, providing a wide range of highly functionalized cyclic sulfonamide products in moderate to good yields. This protocol features a broad substrate scope and mild reaction conditions. It also represents a rare example of HO serving as a substrate to participate in phosphine-catalyzed reactions.

Identification and validation of prognostic models and tumor microenvironment infiltration characteristics for tRNA modification regulators in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most prevalent type of kidney cancer. Defects in transfer RNA (tRNA) modification can lead to significantly impaired protein synthesis and misfolding, contributing to various pathologies, including malignancies. The present study aimed to develop a method predict survival outcomes and guide both immunotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with ccRCC.

Reactive Oxygen Species in the Activation of Plant Immunity.

The plant immune system works against pathogens and seems to have co-evolved with plants. Perception of pathogens by plant receptors leads to the initiation of signaling cascades that drive plant immunity. In events of plant-pathogen interaction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) function as first-line warriors in triggering plant immunity.

Biovegan Leather Sensor: A Mycelium Functionalized Material for Electrophysiological Signal Monitoring.

Electrode patches are becoming increasingly vital in the fields of wearable electronics and physiological health monitoring. However, the nondegradable nature and complex functionalization process of traditional dry electrodes limit their widespread use. In contrast, mycelium-based biovegan leather offers an ideal alternative for flexible electrodes, providing benefits such as biodegradability and ease of preparation.

LGR6 modulates intervertebral disc degeneration through regulation of macrophage efferocytosis.

Background And Objectives: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a leading cause of chronic low back pain, characterized by extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, excessive inflammation activation, and increased cell apoptosis. LGR6, a receptor known for its role in tissue regeneration, has recently been implicated in modulating macrophage efferocytosis, a process critical for clearing apoptotic cells and maintaining tissue homeostasis. This study aimed to investigate the role of LGR6 in regulating IVDD progression and to focus on its impact on macrophage efferocytosis, ECM regulation, and apoptosis in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs).

A retrospective study on predicting clinically significant prostate cancer via a bi-parametric ultrasound-based deep learning radiomics model.

Purpose: This study aimed to establish and evaluate a model utilizing bi-parametric ultrasound-based deep learning radiomics (DLR) in conjunction with clinical factors to anticipate clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 232 participants from our institution who underwent both B-mode ultrasound and shear wave elastography (SWE) prior to prostate biopsy between June 2022 and December 2023. A random allocation placed the participants into training and test cohorts with a 7:3 distribution.

Development of an early prediction model for vomiting during hemodialysis using LASSO regression and Boruta feature selection.

Hemodialysis patients (HD) frequently experience nausea and vomiting as side effects, which can make the procedure uncomfortable for them and cause it to end too soon. There are no known predictors of vomiting. We aim to create a nomogram that can anticipate vomiting in hemodialysis patients.

Identification of a C2H2 zinc finger-related lncRNA prognostic signature and its association with the immune microenvironment in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the main component of renal cell carcinoma, and advanced ccRCC often predicts a poor prognosis. In recent years, research has revealed the critical role of Cys2His2 zinc finger genes (CHZFs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the development of cancer. Currently, little is known about the prognostic value of the lncRNAs linked to Cys2His2 (C2H2) zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) in ccRCC.

Construction of hierarchical nanostructured surface on an organic hybrid selenidostannate with light trapping effect to achieve sunlight-driven environmental remediation.

Due to the low intensity of sunlight, it is a great challenge to realize highly efficient sunlight-driven photocatalysis. To maximize the utilization of sunlight, increasing the light capturing ability of photocatalysts is a prerequisite to attain high catalytic performances. Due to the multiple reflections of light in the hierarchical nanostructures, constructing hierarchical nanostructured surface should boost the sunlight capturing ability of a photocatalyst.

MpRR-MYB2 and MpRR-MYB5: New players of chloroplast biogenesis.

Photosynthesis is an essential biological process that occurs within chloroplasts. Recently, Frangedakis et al. (2024) reported that transcription factors- MpRR-MYB2 and MpRR-MYB5 work along with GLK, and also play a role in chloroplast development.

Reassessing the Role of Low PSA in Prognosis Across Grades of Prostate Cancer: A Cohort Study.

Background: Prior studies have concentrated exclusively on how different prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels affect the prognosis of high-grade prostate cancer (PCa), often overlooking the prognosis of low-grade PCa.

Methods: The present cohort study included individuals diagnosed with PCa from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2010 and 2021. The all-cause mortality (ACM) and prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) for each treatment group was calculated stratified by the four PSA levels (≤ 4.

A ratiometric fluorescent probe with dual near infrared emission for in vivo ratio imaging of cysteine.

Accurately detecting cysteine (Cys) in vivo is crucial for diagnosing Cys-related diseases. A novel ratiometric fluorescent probe featuring dual near-infrared emission is developed in this study for the in vivo ratio imaging of Cys. The probe comprises a hemicyanine organic small-molecule dye (HCy-CYS) with specific Cys recognition capabilities covalently coupled with carbon dots (CDs) synthesized using glutathione (GSH) as the carbon source (GCDs), forming a unique composite nanofluorescent probe (GCDs@CYS).

The role of B cells in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a metabolic disorder caused by a complete lack of insulin, primarily manifested by hyperglycemia. The mechanisms underlying the onset of T1D are complex, involving genetics, environment, and various unknown factors, leading to the infiltration of various immune components into the islets. Besides T cells, B cells are now considered important contributors to the pathogenesis of T1D, according to recent studies.

Arsenite in plant biology: How plants tackle it?

Among toxic elements, arsenic (As) comes under group 1 carcinogenic metalloid. Its presence in the soil and irrigation water in a higher concentration than permissible limit has become a threat to crop production and human livelihood. Crop plants, specifically those used as staple foods, exhibit the highest As accumulation which subsequently accumulates in the human body after their consumption, leading to severe fatal diseases.

Machine learning-assisted high-throughput screening of transparent organic light-emitting diode anode materials.

Securing optimal work functions for two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) is crucial for enhancing the internal quantum efficiency of a device. However, the conventional approach to material discovery, which relies on empirical methods and iterative experimentation, is often time-consuming and inefficient. Here, we propose a target-driven material design framework that combines high-throughput virtual screening and interpretable machine learning (ML) to accelerate the discovery of transparent OLED anode materials.

A hydrogen peroxide activated near-infrared ratiometric fluorescent probe for ratio imaging .

A sensitive near-infrared ratiometric fluorescence sensing platform was designed and structured. The platform consisted of carbon dots and a small organic molecule probe with pinacol phenylborate as the recognition group, and has been applied for ratio imaging of hydrogen peroxide .