Global, regional, and national children and adolescent epilepsy burden, 1990-2021: an analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2021.

Background: Epilepsy is a prevalent central nervous system disorder, affecting over 70 million people globally. It ranks fifth among neurological disorders in terms of disease burden. Epilepsy exhibits peak incidence in both childhood and older age, leading to a significant disease burden.

Efficacy and safety of low-dose vs medium-dose bevacizumab for radiation-induced brain necrosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma survivors.

Background And Purpose: Previous studies had found that bevacizumab could alleviate the brain edema and symptoms in patients with radiation-induced brain necrosis (RN) after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, evidence concerning the optimal dose of bevacizumab for RN remained insufficient.

Methods: We consecutively included NPC patients who were newly diagnosed with RN, treated with bevacizumab and followed up for 6 months from the study NCT03908502.

Effect of seat configuration on the biodynamic response of the head-cervical spine during exposure to different frequencies of vertical vibration.

The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of vertical vibration frequencies (4-10 Hz), back support, and cushion stiffness on the head-neck biodynamic responses based on a developed and validated finite element model of a body-seat system. Modal analysis and modal dynamics methods were employed to analyze the dynamic responses of the body-seat system under different conditions. The finite element model was used to examine the effects of various vibration frequencies (4-10 Hz), back support types (No back support (NBS) and Vertical back support (VBS)), and cushion stiffness (Elastic cushion (Soft) and Rigid cushion (Hard)) on the biodynamic responses of the head-neck.

Biosensor-Assisted Multitarget Gene Fine-Tuning for -Acetylneuraminic Acid Production in with Sole Carbon Source Glucose.

-Acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) is widely used in the food and medical industries. Microbial fermentation has become one of the most important approaches for NeuAc production. However, current research on NeuAc is confronted with challenges, including high production costs, interference from competitive pathways, and low conversion efficiency, all of which impede its efficient production.

Control of dental calculus Prevents severe Radiation-Induced oral mucositis in patients undergoing radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Purpose: This study aims to develop an artificial intelligence model to predict severe radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) and verify the risk factors associated with severe RIOM.

Methods And Materials: A total of 578 patients diagnosed with LA-NPC and undergoing radiotherapy were enrolled in this study. This cohort comprised 430 retrospective patients used for model development/validation, and 148 patients for the prospective verification study.

Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the changes in the chemical composition of frankincense before and after stir-frying using GC-MS and LC-MS.

Frankincense is a resin drug used widely in the medical field. Comprehensive qualitative and quantitative analyses of the differences in the chemical composition of frankincense, stir-fried frankincense and vinegar frankincense were done by combining GC-MS and LC-MS. GC-MS revealed six chemical compositions with high content in frankincense: β-ocimene, 1-octanol, acetic acid, octyl ester, nerolidol, lauric acid and incensole acetate.

Different processing methods affect the chemical composition and in vitro anti-tumor activity of ginseng.

Ginseng and its processed products are valued as health foods for their nutritional benefits. The traditional forms of processed ginseng include white ginseng, dali ginseng (DLG), red ginseng (RG), and black ginseng (BG). However, the impact of processing on the chemical composition and anti-tumor efficacy of these products is not well understood.

Probiotics-sensing mechanism in neurons that initiates gut mitochondrial surveillance for pathogen defense.

Animals constantly face microbial challenges, and microbe-mediated infection protection is crucial for host survival. Identifying specific bacteria and their interactions with host intracellular surveillance systems is important but challenging. Here, we develop a "probiotics" screening system that identifies Escherichia coli mutants, such as ΔymcB, which protect hosts from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 infection by activating the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR).

Characterisation of ginsenosides composition in processed American ginseng products using UPLC-MS coupled with chemometric analysis.

American ginseng( L.), a traditional herbal extensively utilised in China, exhibits both medicinal and food properties. Diverse processing American ginseng gain extensive utilisation in China.

Melatonin Attenuates Cardiac Dysfunction and Inflammation in Dilated Cardiomyopathy via M2 Macrophage Polarization.

Melatonin is a neuroendocrine hormone that exerts protective effects on the heart. Increasing evidence suggests that macrophage M2-type polarization improves myocardial regeneration and repair. Therefore, this study investigated whether melatonin ameliorates dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) by modulating M2-type polarization.

Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations of Serum LRG1 with Severity and Prognosis Among Adult Community-Acquired Pneumonia Patients.

Background: Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is associated with various inflammatory lung diseases. Nevertheless, the connection between LRG1 and adult community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) individuals was still not well understood. Through a prospective cohort study, the correlations of serum LRG1 with severity and prognosis were evaluated in CAP patients.

Exploring the predictive values of SERP4 and FRZB in dilated cardiomyopathy based on an integrated analysis.

Background And Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate potential hub genes for dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).

Methods: Five DCM-related microarray datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were used for identification.

One-pot microfluidic fabrication of micro ceramic particles.

In the quest for miniaturization across technical disciplines, microscale ceramic blocks emerge as pivotal components, with performance critically dependent on precise scales and intricate shapes. Sharp-edged ceramic microparticles, applied from micromachining to microelectronics, require innovative fabrication techniques for high-throughput production while maintaining structural complexity and mechanical integrity. This study introduces a "one-pot microfluidic fabrication" system incorporating two device fabrication strategies, "groove & tongue" and sliding assembling, achieving an unprecedented array of microparticles with diverse, complex shapes and refined precision, outperforming traditional methods in production rate and quality.

Peptidoglycan-Chi3l1 interaction shapes gut microbiota in intestinal mucus layer.

The balanced gut microbiota in intestinal mucus layer plays an instrumental role in the health of the host. However, the mechanisms by which the host regulates microbial communities in the mucus layer remain largely unknown. Here, we discovered that the host regulates bacterial colonization in the gut mucus layer by producing a protein called Chitinase 3-like protein 1 (Chi3l1).

UPR-immunity axis acts as physiological food evaluation system that promotes aversion behavior in sensing low-quality food.

To survive in challenging environments, animals must develop a system to assess food quality and adjust their feeding behavior accordingly. However, the mechanisms that regulate this chronic physiological food evaluation system, which monitors specific nutrients from ingested food and influences food-response behavior, are still not fully understood. Here, we established a low-quality food evaluation assay system and found that heat-killed (HK- a low-sugar food, triggers cellular UPR and immune response.

The effect of erythropoiesis‑stimulating agents on lung cancer patients: a meta‑analysis.

Previous studies have demonstrated that erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) can reduce anemia and improve quality of life in cancer patients, but ESAs may increase mortality. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing the effect and risk of ESAs about the prevention or treatment of anemia in cancer patients. Four databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of science and Cochrane Library were searched for published RCTS on ESAs in the treatment of anemia in lung cancer patients from 2000 to 2023.

Interacted Ternary Component Ensuring High-Security Eutectic Electrolyte for High Performance Sodium-Metal Batteries.

Due to the intrinsic flame-retardant, eutectic electrolytes are considered a promising candidate for sodium-metal batteries (SMBs). However, the high viscosity and ruinous side reaction with Na metal anode greatly hinder their further development. Herein, based on the Lewis acid-base theory, a new eutectic electrolyte (EE) composed of sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (NaTFSI), succinonitrile (SN), and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) is reported.