Ternary Logic Design Based on Novel Tunneling-Drift-Diffusion Field-Effect Transistors.

In this paper, a novel Tunneling-Drift-Diffusion Field-Effect Transistor (TDDFET) based on the combination of the quantum tunneling and conventional drift-diffusion mechanisms is proposed for the design of ternary logic circuits. The working principle of the TDDFET is analyzed in detail. Then, the device is packaged as a "black box" based on the table lookup method and further embedded into the HSPICE platform using the Verilog-A language.

Enhanced Electrochromic Properties of NiO Films Through Magnesium Doping Strategy.

In order to improve the electrochromic properties of NiO films, Mg ions were introduced into NiO films using the sol-gel method and the spin-coating method. The introduction of Mg ions leads to the loose structure of the compact NiO film, which can provide more channels for the transport of OH. In addition, the introduction of Mg ions increases the oxygen vacancies and oxygen interstitial defects in the NiO film, which effectively increases the reactive sites and improves the charge transfer efficiency at the interface between the NiO film and the electrolyte.

Allelic and Genotypic Distribution of -77 A/G Polymorphism in Salvadoran Children With and Without Caries.

: Polymorphisms in metalloproteinases (MMPs) have the potential to be probable genetic biomarkers of dental caries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of the A/G rs2252070 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) according to caries experience in Salvadoran children. : A cross-sectional study was carried out on 185 Salvadorian school children between 7 and 12 years of age.

Effect of age and scrotal circumference on sperm morphology in Brahman bulls using a modified fixation technique.

Sperm morphology (form and size of sperm) analysis is useful for evaluating bull fertility and diagnosing reproductive performance. An advanced age is associated with a higher frequency of morphological sperm anomalies; however, there is limited information on the effect of aging and scrotal circumference on sperm morphological defects in Brahman cattle. The objective of this study was to investigate changes related to age and scrotal circumference on sperm morphology in Brahman bulls in Costa Rica.

Experience of Conjugality Among Older People in Long-Term Care Facilities: A Scoping Review.

This scoping review examines the underexplored impact of the transition to residential care on conjugal relationships among older couples in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). With an aging population and evolving care policies, understanding marital experiences in residential care settings becomes increasingly essential. Using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and the Population, Concept, and Context framework, a systematic search across six databases identified 17 studies from 529 articles.

Enhanced digital pathology image recognition via multi-attention mechanisms: the MACC-Net approach.

Digital pathology has revolutionized cancer diagnosis through microscopic analysis, yet manual interpretation remains hindered by inefficiency and subjectivity. Existing deep models for osteosarcoma cell nucleus recognition suffer from the difficulty of capturing hierarchical relationships in single-dimensional attention mechanisms, leading to inaccurate edge recognition. Furthermore, the fixed receptive field of CNNs limits the aggregation of multi-scale information, hindering the differentiation of overlapping cells.

Unlocking the Comparative Potential of Porous Frameworks: A Review on MOFs and COFs for Gas Sorption.

Gases are integral to Earth's climate and ecosystem balance, but human activity has significantly altered atmospheric composition by increasing greenhouse gas emissions. In 2025, carbon dioxide emissions were estimated at around 39-41 billion tons, reflecting a continued increase. Emissions of carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide were expected to remain close to 2.

The impact of the number of non-opioid psychotropic medications and their co-exposures during pregnancy on short-term outcomes in full-term neonates.

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the number of psychotropic medications on short-term neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by maternal psychiatric disorders, focusing on the effect of non-opioid psychotropic polypharmacy and co-exposure. A retrospective study was conducted on pregnancies complicated by maternal mental disorders that resulted in full-term singleton deliveries at a tertiary perinatal hospital between 2019 and 2023. Among 4,367 deliveries during the study period, 358 were identified.

Efficiency analysis of listed pharmaceutical companies in China: A method combining three-stage DEA with undesirable output, PCA, and tobit regression.

The pharmaceutical industry plays a vital role in safeguarding public health and enhancing industrial competitiveness. However, pharmaceutical industry in China faces persistent challenges, including high pollution, insufficient innovation, and limited profit margins, which constrain its global competitiveness. The current researches on the operational efficiency were either from financial or innovation aspects-lacking a comprehensive assessment framework.

Medicine quality assessment in Nepal using semi randomised sampling and evaluation of a small scale dissolution test and portable Raman spectrometers.

Substandard and falsified medicines threaten global health and require reliable data and screening technologies to combat their spread. This study examined the quality of 241 samples containing azithromycin, cefixime, esomeprazole and losartan collected from licenced private vendors in the Saptari (121 samples; convenience sampling) and Kathmandu (120 samples; randomised sampling) districts of Nepal. Nearly 10% (24 samples; 95% CI 6.

Complete genome sequence of Tcba05, a biocontrol strain for multiple plant diseases in Taiwan.

In this work, we report the complete genome sequence of strain Tcba05. This strain is a potent biocontrol agent against multiple plant diseases in Taiwan, including asparagus bean wilt and cabbage black rot. The assembly consists of a single circular chromosome of 4,027,462 bp with no plasmids.

Xenotransplantation Research -the Nonhuman Primate Model Is Preferable to the Human Decedent Model.

Over the past 40 years, the pig-to-nonhuman primate organ transplantation model has enabled progress in xenotransplantation to be made to the point that we are now carrying out initial US FDA-approved clinical experiments on "compassionate" grounds. More recently, the pig-to-human brain-dead decedent model was introduced with claims that this might replace (or at least augment) the pig-to-NHP model. There are, however, several limitations of the decedent model, most notably the very limited period during which the subject may remain sufficiently metabolically and hemodynamically stable to allow meaningful monitoring of the fate of a pig organ graft.

Socioeconomic and environmental disparities in laryngeal cancer incidence and mortality trends based on 57,600 cases.

Introduction: Laryngeal cancer (LC) remains a major public health concern, associated with considerable morbidity and high mortality. Although incidence has historically declined, mortality reduction has been limited, suggesting underlying disparities in disease management. Thus, long-term trends in LC incidence and mortality, stratified by age, sex, regional affluence, and environmental pollution are of importance.

Phosphate ion functionalized Ni(OH)/Ni/MoO composite for enhanced alkaline hydrogen evolution.

The development of efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is important in advancing sustainable energy technologies. This work introduces a phosphate ion modified Ni(OH)/Ni/MoO (PNNM) composite, elaborately constructed by a one-pot electrodeposition method. The integration of heterostructure engineering and ion modification strategies significantly endows the composite with remarkable electrocatalytic performance.

"Identification of an antibody against a novel peptide from Porphyromonas gingivalis as a biomarker for rheumatoid arthritis".

Current serological markers for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) lack sensitivity in early or seronegative disease. We evaluated anti-BR1 antibodies, targeting a Porphyromonas gingivalis RgpA-derived peptide, as a novel biomarker. From 15 peptides screened in a training cohort, BR1 showed the highest diagnostic potential (AUC = 0.

Crystal Growth Modulation of Tin-Lead Halide Perovskites via Chaotropic Agent.

Mixed tin-lead (Sn-Pb) halide perovskites, with their tunable bandgaps (1.2-1.4 eV), show great promise for the development of highly efficient all-perovskite tandem solar cells.

Identification of proliferating CD103 CD8 tissue-resident memory-like T-cells in villitis of unknown etiology in human placenta.

Villitis of unknown etiology (VUE) is a destructive inflammatory lesion of unknown cause in the human placenta. It may be caused by semiallogeneic rejection of fetal tissue by the mother. CD8 tissue-resident memory T (T) cells reside in the peripheral tissues and have an important role in the local defense against reinfection.

Graph-sequence enhanced transformer for template-free prediction of natural product biosynthesis.

Natural products (NPs) play a vital role in drug discovery, with many FDA-approved drugs derived from these compounds. Despite their significance, the biosynthetic pathways of NPs remain poorly characterized due to their inherent complexity and the limitations of traditional retrosynthesis methods in predicting such intricate reactions. While template-free machine learning models have demonstrated promise in organic synthesis, their application to biosynthetic pathways is still in its infancy.

Serological Status of Vaccine and Hepatitis B Virus Exposure Among Children Under 5 and Aged 15-17 Years in Kampala, Uganda.

Background: Pediatric hepatitis B virus (HBV) serostatus remains variably characterized, hardly determined at times, or documented as part of national monitoring of the Extended Programs for Immunization (EPI).

Methods: We cross-sectionally characterized the seroprevalence of HBV vaccine and/or infection status among 501 and 288 children <5 and 15-17 years old, respectively, in Kawempe Division, Kampala, Uganda, between May and August 2023. These children received HBV vaccination under the Uganda National Extended Program on Immunizations (UNEPI).

Association of patient, physician and visit characteristics with inappropriate antibiotic prescribing in Japanese primary care: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of inappropriate antibiotic prescribing in Japanese primary care.

Methods: This cross-sectional study analysed all antibiotic prescriptions written between 1 October 2022 and 30 September 2023, using an electronic health record database of primary care clinics across Japan. Using a previously developed classification algorithm, we determined whether diagnosis codes occurring on or during the 3 days before the antibiotic prescribing date 'always', 'sometimes' or 'never' justified antibiotic use.

Critical Insights into Solvent Choice for High-Voltage Organosulfur Electrolytes.

Organosulfur electrolytes are promising candidates for enabling high-voltage cathodes due to their superior oxidative stability compared to conventional carbonate-based systems. However, their viscous nature and inability to passivate the anode necessitate the use of passivating agents and diluents to achieve meaningful charge/discharge rates. In this study, we investigate the use of cyclic fluorinated carbonates (CFCs) to form passivating interphases on electrode surfaces, aiming to optimize electrolyte performance in high-voltage systems.

Shortening and optimization of MEF2C and GATA4 promote cardiac reprogramming.

Direct cardiac reprogramming is a ground-breaking approach in regenerative medicine. Overexpression of three cardiac transcription factors (TFs), MEF2C, GATA4, and TBX5 (MGT), reprograms fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocytes (iCMs). However, to simultaneously express MGT using clinically available, size-constrained adeno-associated viral vectors, the polycistronic MGT gene sequence must be shortened and optimized.

Artificial intelligence in advancing optical coherence tomography for disease detection and cancer diagnosis: A scoping review.

Background: OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography) functions as a high-resolution non-invasive imaging technology that serves multiple applications within ophthalmology and cardiology and dermatology as well as oncology. The adoption of OCT technology showed major diagnostic progress but medical professionals still face obstacles in complex picture interpretation as well as inconsistent accuracy rates. The implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems that use machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) functions has enabled OCT to analyze images automatically while offering better diagnostic precision.