Loss-of-function variations in solute carrier family 38 member 6 are associated with essential tremor.

Essential tremor (ET) is a common neurological disease that is characterized by 4-12 Hz kinetic tremors of the upper limbs and high genetic heterogeneity. Although numerous candidate genes and loci have been reported, the etiology of ET remains unclear. A novel ET-related gene was initially identified in a five-generation family via whole-exome sequencing, and other variants were identified in 772 familial ET probands and 640 sporadic individuals via whole-genome sequencing.

Effectiveness and safety of adjunctive transcranial direct current stimulation for adolescents with first-episode major depressive disorder: A randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial.

Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation method, can improve depressive symptoms by applying weak electric direct currents to the scalp. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adjunctive tDCS for adolescents with first-episode major depressive disorder (FE-MDD).

Methods: This double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial (RCT) was conducted between January 3, 2024, and August 24, 2024.

Metacognitive-affective pathways linking intolerance of uncertainty with problematic smartphone use in emerging adults.

Emerging adulthood, a transition period in life, is highly intertwined with uncertainty and is thus potentially associated with increased vulnerability to maladaptive coping and problematic behaviors, including problematic smartphone use (PSU). The current study was designed to test not only the associations of intolerance of uncertainty (IU) with PSU tendencies but also the underlying (meta)cognitive and affective mechanisms. A sample of 566 participants who were 18-25 years old (M = 20.

On-Demand Nanoliter Delivering Platform via Electrical-Activated Microdroplet Assembling.

Precise delivery of nanoliter-scale reagents is essential for high-throughput biochemical assays, yet existing platforms often lack real-time control and selective content fusion. Conventional methods rely on passive encapsulation or stochastic pairing, limiting both throughput and biochemical specificity. Here, we introduce an on-demand nanoliter delivery platform that seamlessly integrates electrical sensing, triggered droplet merging, and passive sorting in a single continuous flow.

The Shared Neural Substrates of Emotional Mimicry and Emotional Contagion: an ALE Meta-analysis and MACM Analysis.

Emotional contagion is an important aspect of social interaction. Traditional theories suggest that it relies on mimicry of facial or emotional movements. To address the question of whether there is a distinction between emotional contagion and emotional mimicry, we conducted a meta-analysis using the ALE algorithm to identify brain regions activated by the two tasks.

Microautophagy: definition, classification, and the complexity of the underlying mechanisms.

Recently, rapid progress in the field of microautophagy (MI-autophagy) revealed the existence of multiple subtypes that differ in both intracellular membrane dynamics and molecular mechanisms. As a result, a single umbrella term "microautophagy" has become too vague, even creating some confusion among researchers both within and outside the field. We herein describe different subtypes of MI-autophagic processes and propose a systematic approach for naming them more accurately.

Depressive Symptoms and Their Association With Quality of Life in Older Adults With Cataracts: A National Survey in China.

Background: Depression is common among older adults with cataracts and is associated with significant functional impairment. However, the complex interrelationships among different depression symptoms are often overlooked by conventional mood disorders research based on total scores of depression measures. This study examined the interrelationships between different depressive symptoms and quality of life (QoL) in older adults with cataracts based on a national survey.

New strategies for tumor diagnosis and therapy with ultrasound assisted by nanomaterials.

With the development of nanomedicine and ultrasound technology, ultrasound-enhanced contrast agents and treatment platforms based on nanomaterials have become important tools for tumor diagnosis and treatment, owing to their high safety profile, low cost and excellent biocompatibility. This review comprehensively discusses the classification and mechanism of nanomaterials in enhancing ultrasound imaging and treatment. It encompasses organic nanomaterials, including nanobubbles and polymer nanoparticles, and as well as inorganic nanomaterials, such as metal nanoparticles and metal oxide nanoparticles.

Localized Gradient Conductivity Enabled Ultrasensitive Flexible Tactile Sensors with Ultrawide Linearity Range.

The high sensitivity and wide linearity are crucial for flexible tactile sensors in adapting to diverse application scenarios with high accuracy and reliability. However, conventional optimization strategies of constructing microstructures suffer from the mutual restriction between the high sensitivity and wide linearity. Herein, a novel design of localized gradient conductivity (LGC) with partly covered low-conductivity (low-σ) carbon/Polydimethylsiloxane layer on high-conductivity (high-σ) silver nanowires film upon the micro-dome structure is proposed.

Dependence and Precarity in the Gig Economy: A Longitudinal Analysis of Platform Work and Mental Distress.

While there is a growing body of literature examining platform dependence and its implications for mental health, much of the research has focused on gig workers with small sample sizes. The lack of large-scale quantitative research, particularly using longitudinal representative data, limits a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic relationship between platform dependence and mental distress. This study uses nationally representative data from the UK and fixed effects models to explore the heterogeneity of gig work, specifically examining differences in mental distress between high-dependence workers (those solely engaged in gig work) and low-dependence workers (those also employed in other jobs).

Quality of life in patients with euthymic bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies.

Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic psychiatric condition associated with significant impairments in quality of life (QoL). Although relevant studies have been conducted, findings on QoL among euthymic BD patients have been inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify QoL impairments across different domains in euthymic BD patients compared to healthy controls and examine potential moderators.

A solid-state battery capable of 180 C superfast charging and 100% energy retention at -30 °C.

Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) are being extensively researched as replacements for liquid electrolytes in future batteries. Despite significant advancements, there are still challenges in using SSEs, particularly in extreme conditions. This study presents a hydrated metal-organic ionic cocrystal (HMIC) solid-state ion conductor with a solvent-assisted ion transport mechanism suitable for extreme operating conditions.

Molecular Hybrid Bridging for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells without a Pre-Deposited Hole Transporting Layer.

Establishing a low-resistance perovskite/ITO contact using self-assembled molecules (SAMs) is crucial for efficient hole transport in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) without a pre-deposited hole-transporting layer. However, SAMs at the buried interface often encounter issues like nonuniform distribution and molecular aggregation during the extrusion process, leading to significant energy loss. Herein, a molecular hybrid bridging strategy by incorporating a novel small molecule is proposed, (2-aminothiazole-4-yl)acetic acid (ATAA), featuring a thiazole ring and carboxylic acid group, along with the commonly used SAM, 4-(2,7-dibromo-9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9H)-yl)butyl)phosphonic acid (DMAcPA), into the perovskite precursor to synergistically optimize the buried interface.

EEG-ERnet: Emotion Recognition based on Rhythmic EEG Convolutional Neural Network Model.

Background: Emotion recognition from electroencephalography (EEG) can play a pivotal role in the advancement of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Recent developments in deep learning, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and hybrid models, have significantly enhanced interest in this field. However, standard convolutional layers often conflate characteristics across various brain rhythms, complicating the identification of distinctive features vital for emotion recognition.

Gender differences in the prevalence and correlates of COVID-19 fear among mental health professionals: a network perspective based on a national survey in China.

Background: Gender differences in COVID-19-related fear among mental health professionals (MHPs) have been inadequately studied. This study compared the gender differences in prevalence, correlates and network structure of COVID-19 fear among MHPs in China in the post-pandemic era.

Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted between January 22 and February 10, 2023.

The non-linear association of physical fatigue with depression and anxiety among mental health professionals who recovered from COVID-19 infection: a national survey in China.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic took a toll on everyone's health and mental health professionals were no exception. This study examined the trajectory of the relationship between levels of physical fatigue and each of depression and anxiety in mental health professionals (MHPs) recovering from COVID-19.

Methods: A national survey of 9,858 MHPs who had recovered from COVID-19 was conducted between January and February 2023.

Identifying meaningful drug response biomarkers from public pharmacogenomic datasets with biologically informed interpretable neural networks.

With the advancements of next-generation sequencing, publicly available pharmacogenomic datasets from cancer cell lines provide a handle for developing predictive models of drug responses and identifying associated biomarkers. However, many currently available predictive models are often just used as black boxes, lacking meaningful biological interpretations. In this study, we made use of open-source drug response data from cancer cell lines, in conjunction with KEGG pathway information, to develop sparse neural networks, K-net, enabling the prediction of drug response in EGFR signaling pathways and the identification of key biomarkers.

Exploring why adolescents of disadvantaged family socio-economic status were more depressed than others: Serial mediations via personal psychological resources, loneliness, and school refusal functions.

Background: Disadvantageous family socio-economic status (DFSES) is a potential source of disparity in adolescent mental health. This study investigated the association between DFSES and probable depression and its mediation mechanisms via personal psychological resources (hope and resilience), loneliness, and school refusal functions.

Methods: A school-based anonymous survey was conducted among 8285 middle school students in China from February to March 2022; the response/eligible rate was 98.

Sex differences in social anxiety: A longitudinal serial mediation via perceived stress and resilience among adolescents in China.

Background: Adolescent social anxiety is consequential. There is a substantial sex difference in the prevalence. Yet, the underlying mechanisms are almost unknown; no longitudinal studies have investigated this topic.

Challenging gender essentialism with animal examples: Reducing children's prejudice toward voice-based gender nonconformity.

Grounded in developmental intergroup theory, which highlights the role of essentialist thinking in the emergence of prejudice, this study examined whether reducing children's gender essentialism could decrease prejudice against speakers with gender-nonconforming (GN) voices. A total of 162 children aged 8-12 years participated in the study. The intervention group (N = 81) received three lessons illustrating diversity in sex-related traits and behaviors in the animal kingdom to challenge essentialist beliefs about gender roles, expression, and biological sex, whereas the control group received comparable lessons without gender-related content.

Noninvasive assessment of glymphatic system alterations as potential biomarkers for predicting overall survival in glioma.

Objective: In this retrospective study, authors aimed to evaluate the glymphatic function alterations associated with glioma and explore the prognostic value of these alterations by calculating the index for diffusivity along the perivascular space (ALPS index).

Methods: The authors utilized data from the publicly available University of California San Francisco Preoperative Diffuse Glioma MRI (UCSF-PDGM) dataset, which includes 501 adult patients with histopathologically confirmed diffuse glioma, per the 2021 WHO classification, who underwent preoperative MRI, initial tumor resection, and tumor genetic testing at a single medical center from 2015 to 2021.The ALPS index was calculated from diffusivity maps for noninvasive glymphatic system (GS) analysis.

Parent-Adolescent Congruence and Incongruence in Parental Involvement and Academic Achievement: The More, the Better?

Parents and adolescents can differ in their perceptions of parental involvement, yet most research relies on a single informant, potentially overlooking important discrepancies. Using data from 89,448 fifteen-year-olds (50.3% female) and their parents (78.

Nonlinear Associations of Depression and Stigma With Subclinical Hikikomori in Cancer Survivors.

Background: Cancer survivors often experience depression and stigma associated with chronic diseases, which may increase the risk of subclinical hikikomori.

Aims: This study examined the prevalence of subclinical hikikomori and its nonlinear associations with depression and stigma among cancer patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1951 cancer survivors.

Promoter or inhibitor? The role played by housing prices on entrepreneurial vitality in China.

This study delves into the time-varying causal relationship between housing prices (HP) and entrepreneurial vitality (EV) in China, employing a rolling-window sub-sample testing approach. The findings reveal that HP exerts both positive and negative influences on EV across different sub-samples. Specifically, when wealth effects dominate, HP positively impacts EV, acting as a promoter.

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR)-Targeting Peptides and Their Applications in Tumor Imaging Probe Construction: Current Advances and Future Perspectives.

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a key target for both cancer diagnosis and therapeutic interventions. Assessing EGFR expression before therapy has become routine in clinical practice, yet current methods like biopsy and immunohistochemistry (IHC) have significant limitations, including invasiveness, limited repeatability, and lack of real-time, whole-body data. EGFR-targeted imaging has emerged as a promising alternative.