The Role of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Treating Hypertriglyceridemia-Associated Acute Pancreatitis: A Real-World Effectiveness Analysis Using the TriNetX Global Collaborative Network.

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is used to lower triglyceride levels in patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia-associated acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP). However, evidence supporting the effectiveness of TPE in preventing end-organ damage remains limited. This retrospective cohort study was conducted using the TriNetX database to evaluate adults with acute pancreatitis, triglyceride levels > 1000 mg/dL, and "worrisome criteria", defined as clinical indicators of disease severity such as fever, leukocytosis, elevated lactate, or signs of shock.

Allogeneic CD19-targeting T cells for treatment-refractory systemic lupus erythematosus: a phase 1 trial.

Commercial autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapies are effective in B cell malignancies and autoimmune diseases but are limited by personalized manufacturing, high costs and the risk from random chimeric antigen receptor insertion into the genome. To overcome these challenges, we developed YTS109, a hypoimmune allogeneic T cell product engineered using CRISPR-Cas9 to knock out TRAC, PD1, HLA-A, HLA-B and CIITA, with a CD19-targeting synthetic TCR and antigen receptor (STAR) precisely integrated into the TRAC locus to enable physiological, TCR-like signaling. As part of a multi-disease cohort trial, this article includes all enrolled five patients with severe, refractory systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) complicated by lupus nephritis, who received lymphodepletion followed by YTS109 at 3 × 10 STAR⁺ T cells per kg body weight.

GPER in metabolic homeostasis and disease: molecular mechanisms, nutritional regulation, and therapeutic potential.

G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) significantly influences metabolic regulation by engaging multiple signaling pathways that affect overall metabolic health. Its structure and signaling mechanisms drive its diverse roles. Our team and others have successfully demonstrated that GPER modulates nutrient metabolism, spanning glucose, protein, and lipid metabolism, while also contributing to vitamin and mineral metabolism.

Asymmetry in neurovascular bundle blood flow in prostate cancer patients: A pre-treatment doppler ultrasound study.

Background: Neurovascular-sparing treatment is believed to help preserve erectile function for localized prostate cancer, given the key role of the arterial supply of neurovascular bundles (NVBs) in potency recovery post-treatment. While NVB-sparing radiotherapy (RT) is emerging, imaging methods to assess NVB function are lacking.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the functional status of bilateral NVBs using pulsed wave Doppler ultrasound in patients undergoing prostate RT.

Unique Opportunity and Motivational Targets for Exercise Behavior Change Among Nonfrail, Prefrail, and Frail Older Adults.

Introduction: Exercise is the most effective frailty mitigation intervention studied to date, yet frail older adults may face unique hurdles to exercise behavior change.

Objective: Our objective was to compare perceived opportunities and motivation for physical activity among subgroups with varying physical capability to inform frailty intervention development.

Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional survey data from n = 101 community-dwelling, older adults (n = 30 nonfrail, n = 59 prefrail, n = 12 frail; 93% African-American).

Clinical strategies for lung cancer management: Recommendations from the Bridging the Gaps Lung Cancer Consensus Conference 2024.

Clinical practice guidelines for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer include recommendations based on high-level clinical trial evidence, but complex clinical questions are frequently seen in real-world practice that are not clearly answered by prospective trial data. To address these questions, the Bridging the Gaps Lung Cancer Consensus Conference 2024 (BtG LCCC 2024) convened to develop US-focused expert guidance for clinical situations in which level 1 evidence is lacking. At BtG LCCC 2024, a multidisciplinary expert panel discussed ongoing clinical issues in small cell lung cancer management, targeted therapy in EGFR-mutated NSCLC, management of early stage NSCLC, identification and management of non-EGFR oncogene-driven NSCLC, and use of immunotherapy in advanced/metastatic NSCLC.

Development of an alcohol biosensor non-wear algorithm: laboratory-based machine learning and field-based deployment.

Wrist-worn alcohol biosensors can continuously track alcohol consumption, but their measurements are disrupted when the device is removed. Left unaddressed, non-wear data compromises observations of alcohol use and subsequent predictions of intoxication. To advance beyond commonly used temperature cutoffs and enable more precise detection of non-wear, we trained a random forest algorithm using laboratory ground truth data.

Non-invasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-like Nuclear Features and CREB3L2::PPARγ Fusion.

A 58-year-old woman presented with an asymptomatic, soft-to-palpation, mobile, right thyroid mass. Subsequent ultrasonography revealed numerous, bilateral, mildly heterogenous, cystic and solid nodules, including a hypoechoic, 1.7 × 1.

Integrative Rheumatology: A Holistic Approach to the Management of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Background: Integrative medicine, which combines complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) with conventional treatments, is increasingly utilized by patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) to manage their condition.

Objective: This study aims to review the CAM available for SLE patients.

Methods: Studies focusing on CAM interventions in patients diagnosed with SLE were identified via PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar through a systematic search conducted to identify relevant articles published up to May 2024.

Comparative study of open and robot-assisted approaches to ureteropelvic junction obstruction in children ≤ 12 months: A multi-institutional retrospective analysis.

Background: The utilization of robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RALP) for the surgical correction of ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) continues to increase. The aim of this study was to determine whether robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RALP) is a safe and equally efficacious procedure compared to open pyeloplasty (OP) in infants ≤12 months old.

Methods: All patients ≤12 months old who underwent RALP or OP between January 2012 and January 2021 at five participating centers were included in this study.

Results of the ACCOuNT Trial: A Multi-Institutional Prospective Pharmacogenomics Implementation Trial for African American Inpatients.

Pharmacogenomics implementation efforts have increased over the last decade, but no published prospective pharmacogenomics trials have formally evaluated utility in underrepresented populations. We present final results from the ACCOuNT trial, a multi-institutional prospective study [NCT03225820] in which African American inpatients were genotyped and pharmacogenomic results made available via an integrated, scalable pharmacogenomics clinical decision support (PGx CDS) system to guide prescribing. We hypothesized that PGx CDS utilization would improve genomically concordant prescribing during inpatient admissions.

Immunotherapy in Melanoma.

This chapter explores systemic treatment strategies for cutaneous melanoma across neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and Stage IV settings. Neoadjuvant therapy aims to reduce tumor burden pre-surgery, primarily using immune checkpoint inhibitors like nivolumab plus ipilimumab, showing promising response rates. Adjuvant therapy, post-resection, leverages immunotherapy (e.

How early beliefs about brilliance shape gender gaps.

Why do gender gaps persist in many of the most prestigious fields and careers? An emerging theory highlights the role of two interrelated 'brilliance beliefs': the idea that success in certain fields requires exceptional intellectual ability, alongside the stereotype that brilliance is more common in men than in women. This review synthesizes growing evidence that these brilliance beliefs take root in early childhood, and outlines the psychological processes through which they work in tandem to discourage girls' participation. I discuss promising approaches that can interrupt these beliefs, as well as their consequences, before they become deeply entrenched.

Timescale of environmental change modulates metabolic guild cohesion in microbial communities.

Microbial communities experience environmental fluctuations across timescales from rapid changes in moisture, temperature, or light levels to long-term seasonal or climactic variations. Understanding how microbial populations respond to these changes is critical for predicting the impact of perturbations, interventions, and climate change on communities. Because communities typically harbor tens to hundreds of distinct taxa, the response of microbial abundances to perturbations is potentially complex.

Copromotion across commercial determinants of health: content analysis of smokeless tobacco social media messages referencing alcohol, 2016-2021.

Objective: The goal of this study is to analyse the amount and content of alcohol-themed smokeless tobacco (ATST) messages on social media, characterise major themes and identify key sources of these messages. These insights are crucial for understanding the tobacco and alcohol industries' marketing strategies and informing effective tobacco control policies.

Methods: We analysed 777 336 smokeless tobacco-relevant tweets from August 2016 to October 2021 and identified 36 804 (4.

Genetics of Interstitial Lung Diseases: A State-of-the-Art Review.

Advancements in genetics and genomics continue to further our understanding of their contributions to the development of interstitial lung diseases. This state-of-the-art clinical review synthesizes current knowledge of the contribution of genetics when evaluating patients suspected to have ILD. We consider highly penetrant Mendelian disorders as well as common variants conferring smaller risk that act in concert with other genetic and acquired risk factors.

Retinopathy of Prematurity and Neurodevelopmental and Quality-of-Life Outcomes at 10 Years of Age.

To evaluate, in a cohort of children born extremely preterm, the hypothesis that increasing severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is associated with less optimal vision, neurodevelopmental outcomes, and parent-reported quality of life.The Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborn study is a multicenter, longitudinal cohort study. Study participants were born before 28 completed weeks of gestation during the years 2002 to 2004 and were enrolled at birth at 14 U.

The integrated stress response promotes macrophage inflammation and migration in autoimmune diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. Macrophages infiltrate islets early in T1D pathogenesis, preceding the influx of T- and B-lymphocytes. The integrated stress response (ISR), a cellular pathway activated during stress, coordinates adaptive changes in gene expression to maintain cell function and survival.

Housing size, parental socioeconomic status, and associations with depressive symptoms among adolescents: a cross-sectional study in Guangzhou, China.

Backgrounds: Relatively few studies have focused on the associations between family-related factors and adolescents' mental health in China. This study aimed at investigating the associations between per capita living space, parental socioeconomic status, and depressive symptoms among adolescents.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey to investigate the mental health of adolescents in Guangzhou, China.

Nanopore sequencing of intact aminoacylated tRNAs.

The intricate landscape of tRNA modification presents persistent analytical challenges, which have impeded efforts to simultaneously resolve sequence, modification, and aminoacylation state at the level of individual tRNAs. To address these challenges, we introduce "aa-tRNA-seq", an integrated method that uses chemical ligation to sandwich the amino acid of a charged tRNA in between the body of the tRNA and an adaptor oligonucleotide, followed by high throughput nanopore sequencing. Our approach reveals the identity of the amino acids attached to all tRNAs in a cellular sample, at the single molecule level.

Scalable metasurface-enhanced supercool cement.

Structural materials with the capability for passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) show promise for the sustainable cooling of buildings. However, developing durable PDRC structural materials with optical robustness, ease of deployment, and scalability remain a challenge for civil engineering applications. We synthesized a metasurface-enhanced cooling cement using a universal, scalable pressure-driven fabrication strategy during a low-carbon production process.