Perfectionism, and divergent and flexible thinking in anorexia nervosa.

Perfectionism and flexible thinking are frequently reported as impaired in anorexia nervosa (AN), however, the role of perfectionism and cognitive flexibility in eating disorder (ED) symptoms is unclear. Further, it is unclear how individuals with AN may differ in these domains compared to the general community with high or low ED symptoms. Sixty-seven individuals with lifetime AN, 112 community controls with high ED symptoms (high ED-CCs) and 111 community controls with low ED symptoms (low ED-CCs) completed an online survey examining perfectionism, cognitive flexibility, and divergent thinking.

Unmasking the Men Who Produce Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM): Criminal Diversity and Sociodemographic Characteristics.

Child sexual abuse material (CSAM) production poses a grave and evolving threat, causing revictimization through the circulation of material for years. The availability of online technology has enabled sophisticated methods of CSAM production and police evasion. The aims of this study were to explore the sociodemographic features of those with a history of CSAM production, explore criminal sub-types of those who produce CSAM, and explore the sociodemographic and criminal features of possible sub-types.

What stroke survivors say about living with upper limb spasticity and how they manage it.

Introduction: Post-stroke spasticity can cause serious impairment, activity limitation, and participation restrictions for survivors, leading to stroke-related disability. While there are hundreds of qualitative studies regarding stroke survivor experience, the phenomenon of what it is like to have post-stroke spasticity is not well understood.

Methods: Ten community-dwelling adults with chronic stroke and upper limb spasticity who had recently participated in an intensive upper limb rehabilitation programme were interviewed.

A Data-Driven Mathematical Model for Clonorchiasis with Seasonality.

Clonorchiasis is a foodborne disease caused by parasites and transmitted to humans through intermediate hosts. Clonorchis sinensis parasitizes in the bile ducts of human liver and causes organ lesions. The cercariae and metacercaria of Clonorchis sinensis have seasonal variations and may be affected by high water temperature in summer.

Silvestrol inhibits nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and synergizes with CX-5461: Insights from a proteomics study.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a cancer arising from the epithelial cells of the nasopharynx, which is rare in Western countries but extremely prevalent in Borneo and the Southern China region. Present-day hurdles in NPC treatment that lead to poor quality of life and poor survival include distant metastasis and resistance to chemoradiotherapy. Silvestrol and its 5'''-epimer, episilvestrol, are compounds isolated from the plant , which is endemic to Borneo.

DMT and harmala alkaloids: an exploratory study of oral Acacia based formulations in healthy volunteers.

Introduction: Ayahuasca is a psychedelic compound of N, N, Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and harmala alkaloids used for spiritual and medicinal applications in traditional settings. A range of potential psychotherapeutic mechanisms have been proposed for ayahuasca. These are thought to contribute to improvements in various psychiatric conditions including mood disorders and substance dependence.

Long-term trajectories of mental health in Australia through COVID-19: Assessing distress and quality of life in priority populations.

PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted mental health, particularly in individuals with pre-existing conditions and in younger people. However, long-term mental health trajectories beyond the acute phase remain unclear. This study examined distress levels and quality of life (QoL) in individuals with mental and/or physical health conditions, and across different age groups between 2020 and 2024.

To infinity and beyond: the promise of data-driven 3D printing of hernia mesh - a primer for surgeons.

Purpose: Abdominal wall hernias account for a substantial operative caseload in general surgery globally. Optimal hernia care should be tailored to individual circumstances. To repair the three-dimensional (3D) abdominal wall, 3D-printed patient-specific implants may be superior to current mesh products.

Advancing Cognitive Load Detection in Simulated Driving Scenarios Through Deep Learning and fNIRS Data.

The shift from manual to conditionally automated driving, supported by Advanced Driving Assistance Systems (ADASs), introduces challenges, particularly increased crash risks due to human factors like cognitive overload. Driving simulators provide a safe and controlled setting to study these human factors under complex conditions. This study leverages Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) to dynamically assess cognitive load in a realistic driving simulator during a challenging night-time-rain scenario.

Thin-Ideal Internalisation and Weight Bias Internalisation as Predictors of Eating Pathology: The Moderating Role of Self-Compassion.

The internalisation of sociocultural ideals and beliefs about weight and shape has long been recognised as an important predictor of disordered eating. However, thin-ideal internalisation and weight bias internalisation (WBI) are generally examined separately in the literature and within sociocultural models of eating disorders. Additionally, self-compassion has been identified as a protective factor against disordered eating, but its role in mitigating the impact of the internalisation of these sociocultural ideals and beliefs has not been investigated.

-Wave Polarization-Spin Locking in Two-Dimensional Altermagnets.

We report the emergence of an uncharted phenomenon, termed -wave polarization-spin locking (PSL), in two-dimensional (2D) altermagnets. This phenomenon arises from nontrivial Berry connections, resulting in perpendicular electronic polarizations in the spin-up and spin-down channels. Symmetry-protected -wave PSL occurs exclusively in -wave altermagnets with tetragonal layer groups.

Quality of Life Across the Anorexia Nervosa Spectrum: A Comparative Study of Current, Weight-Restored, and Healthy Individuals.

Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious mental illness that can greatly impact quality of life (QoL). While research suggests that health-related QoL is poor in current AN, limited studies have examined QoL in those recovering from AN. This study aimed to investigate health-related QoL in people with current AN, those weight-restored from AN, and healthy controls (HCs).

Digital Health Interventions Providing Behavioral Assessment and Goal Prioritization Support: Scoping Review.

Background: Affordability of health care systems depends on populations' engagement in preventive health behavior and appropriate self-management of long-term conditions. Digital health interventions (DHIs) could facilitate this by prompting and supporting individual health behavior change. Behavior change is often undermined by suboptimal prioritization of goals.

From Senses to Memory During Childhood: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Meta-Analysis Exploring Multisensory Processing and Working Memory Development.

Multisensory processing has long been recognized to enhance perception, cognition, and actions in adults. However, there is currently limited understanding of how multisensory stimuli, in comparison to unisensory stimuli, contribute to the development of both motor and verbally assessed working memory (WM) in children. Thus, the current study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze the associations between the multisensory processing of auditory and visual stimuli, and performance on simple and more complex WM tasks, in children from birth to 15 years old.

Optimized deep learning for brain tumor detection: a hybrid approach with attention mechanisms and clinical explainability.

Brain tumor classification (BTC) from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a critical diagnosis task, which is highly important for treatment planning. In this study, we propose a hybrid deep learning (DL) model that integrates VGG16, an attention mechanism, and optimized hyperparameters to classify brain tumors into different categories as glioma, meningioma, pituitary tumor, and no tumor. The approach leverages state-of-the-art preprocessing techniques, transfer learning, and Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) visualization on a dataset of 7023 MRI images to enhance both performance and interpretability.

Resting-state brain dynamics are associated with cardiovascular and metabolic profile in healthy adults.

Cardiovascular and metabolic dysfunction plays a significant role in the onset and progression of inflammation and cerebrovascular diseases, often leading to cognitive impairment. While growing evidence highlights the link between activity in key brain regions and cardiovascular disease events, the relationship between brain dynamics and cardiovascular or metabolic profiles in healthy individuals remains largely unexplored. We performed magnetoencephalography (MEG) in 29 healthy participants (12 males and 17 females; aged 19-72).

Synthetic nano-kirigami with high deformability for reconfigurable information displays.

Transformable micro/nanostructures endow optical and mechanical metamaterials with customization and tunability. However, employing existing transformation mechanisms to achieve large mechanical deformations remains challenging due to the restricted displacement in the nanometric scale. Here, we present a transformation strategy using nanoscale kirigami structures with ultrahigh deformability enabled by synthetic designs.

Sound amplitude of discrete bubbles entrained by a breaking wave.

The exchange of gases between the ocean and the atmosphere plays a major role in regulating global climate, influencing processes like carbon sequestration and the balance of atmospheric gases. This paper investigates the acoustic emissions generated from the bubbles produced by breaking waves and analyzes the relationship between bubble diameter and sound intensity. This relationship is important for estimating bubble size distributions and thus achieving a better understanding of the gas exchange between ocean and atmosphere.

Understanding the Australian disability support sector's workforce to predict the acceptance of virtual reality hardware.

: In the disability support sector, empathy is a critical skill needed by frontline workers. Virtual Reality technology may enhance empathy. Some disability service providers have adopted Virtual Reality to advance their training practices.

Development of an SMS-based alcohol intervention program for same sex attracted women using an intervention mapping framework.

Background: Studies indicate that same-sex attracted women (SSAW) who engage in problem drinking often do not seek support. This is at least partially due to a lack of SSAW-tailored alcohol programs. This paper describes the co-development of a short message service (SMS) alcohol program culturally tailored for SSAW.

Co-Design in the Adaptation of a Clinical Decision Support System to Aid Violence Risk Assessment and Management: A Case Study.

Introduction: The electronic application of a clinical decision support system (CDSS) conjoining the Dynamic Appraisal of Situational Aggression and the Aggression Prevention Protocol has been shown to be effective in reducing coercion and workplace violence in forensic settings in Australia. However, there is currently a lack of knowledge on the successful implementation of CDSSs across different cultural environments.

Aim: To describe the use of co-design in the adaptation of a CDSS, the eDASA+APP-FI in Finland.

Association of lifestyle and behavioral factors with self-reported visual problems among schoolchildren in rural Bangladesh.

Background: Lifestyle, environmental, and genetic factors influence visual impairment. The current study aims to report the sociodemographic, lifestyle, and behavioral factors associated with self-reported ocular conditions among children.

Materials And Methods: Data were collected from 13341 children aged 7-14 from 176 primary schools and 16 madrasas (Islamic educational institutes) of Narail Upazila from 30 November 2022 to 20 August 2023.

A review evaluating the design and standardisation of rollators and smart-walkers to improve future products.

Four-wheeled walkers are widely used mobility aids for older adults. With the emergence of commercial smart-walkers, flaws in the design of rollators may carry over to the design of these emerging smart-walkers, necessitating a review of their design and standardisation. This review aims to evaluate how health, design, regulatory, research, and user factors intersect in the development and implementation of rollators and smart-walkers.