Intersectional Analysis of Health Inequalities Research Authorship in the United Kingdom (1970-2023): Towards an Inclusive Scholarship?

Gender inequalities in authorship have extensively been investigated, yet evidence on ethnic inequalities remains limited, with even fewer studies examining the intersections of the two. Our study aims to identify and measure the magnitude of intersectional (gender-by-ethnicity) inequalities among United Kingdom (U.K.

Relationships, Trust and Accountability, and Critical Reflexivity: Developing Quality Data with the "Hard to Reach".

Understanding the realities of members of marginalized communities is central to the advancement of social and behavioral sciences. We argue that the development of data accurately representing the perspectives and experiences of such communities is fundamentally contingent on relationships of trust and accountability, and on researcher critical reflexivity. We showcase our methodology in three vignettes based on how we conduct research with communities that are "hard to reach" due to their societal marginalization.

Exploring behavioral patterns of child-focused online sexual solicitation: findings from a Canadian sample.

Background: This study investigates online sexual exploitation patterns of minors in Canada, using a dataset of 96 child luring cases from 2001 to 2020 provided by law enforcement.

Objective: The study aims to extend the understanding of online sexual exploitation by identifying and characterizing offender profiles based on their behavior.

Participants And Setting: The study examines 96 cases of online sexual exploitation of minors in Canada, drawing from law enforcement data.

Associations Between Gestational Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) Serum Concentrations and Child Sleep Outcomes from Ages 2 to 8 Years.

Gestational polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) exposures have been associated with thyroid disruption in pregnant women and adverse neurobehavioral outcomes in their children, but it is unknown if they interfere with children's sleep patterns. We assessed gestational PBDE exposure (16 weeks) and child sleep patterns from ages 2 to 8 years using 410 mother-child dyads in the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) Study. Gestational biomarkers of serum PBDEs include PBDE-153 (GM±GSD: 5.

Genetically determined body mass index is associated with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in polygenic and Mendelian randomization analyses.

Obesity has been associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but the evidence is inconclusive. We examined the association between genetically determined adiposity and four common NHL subtypes: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and marginal zone lymphoma, using eight genome-wide association studies of European ancestry (N = 10,629 cases, 9505 controls) and constructing polygenic scores for body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI). Higher genetically determined BMI was associated with an increased risk of DLBCL [odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation (SD) = 1.

"Street sweeps": The municipal government-enforced confiscation of personal belongings among unstably housed people who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada.

Objectives: Street sweeps, involving the state-enforced removal of makeshift residences and confiscation of personal belongings from people in public spaces, are a common tool employed by urban governments to address public health and safety concerns. Amidst the ongoing housing and toxic drug poisoning crises in Vancouver, Canada, we sought to characterize experiences of confiscation of personal belongings by city workers among unstably-housed people who use drugs people who use drugs.

Study Design: Cohort study.

Local adaptation of life-history traits in a seasonal environment.

Populations are often spread across a spatially heterogeneous landscape, connected by migration. Consequently, the question arises whether divergent selective forces created by spatial heterogeneity can overcome the homogenising force of migration and loss of diversity through genetic drift to favour different traits across space. The resulting population differentiation due to divergent selection is known as local adaptation.

Feasibility and Efficacy of Brief DBT Intervention for Adults With Borderline Personality Disorder/Traits: A Systematic Review.

Standard, comprehensive dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) has been well established as an effective and evidence-based treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD). As a comprehensive and longer term treatment (e.g.

Transmediation as method and intervention: The woven artwork of Jaad Kuujus (Meghann O'Brien).

This article positions Haida, Irish, and Kwakwaka'wakw artist Jaad Kuujus (Meghann O'Brien)'s transmediation of her woven artwork in conversation with Indigenous curatorial practices in physical and virtual spaces. Transmediation is presented as a for engaging with decolonial practices in museums and archives using research-creation and collaborative media production, and an to provoke consideration of new possibilities for the digital in museum practice that moves beyond the replica (see Hennessy et al., 2024) as a generative force shifting theory and practice.

Ancient host-associated microbes obtained from mammoth remains.

Ancient genomic studies have extensively explored human-microbial interactions, yet research on non-human animals remains limited. In this study, we analyzed ancient microbial DNA from 483 mammoth remains spanning over 1 million years, including 440 newly sequenced and unpublished samples from a 1.1-million-year-old steppe mammoth.

C-H Bond Activation via Photolysis of a Mn Nitride Ligand Radical Complex.

We report the thermal and photoactivation of a solution-stable Mn nitride ligand radical complex , which facilitates N-N bond homocoupling to generate N, a reaction commonly observed in Mn nitrides. Theoretical calculations suggest that the nitride is ambiphilic, facilitating the N-N bond formation. Notably, photoactivation of the Mn ligand radical at room temperature enables rapid C-H bond activation, leading to the formation of C-N insertion products, excluding dihydroanthracene where a desaturation product is observed.

Courageous conversations: The possibilities and practicalities of discussing death when teaching gerontology.

When developing curricula in gerontology related to families and health, we often relegate death and dying, end-of-life care, and bereavement to the last topic of the course. However, what if we were to restructure our classes to consider death and dying first? This paper explores pedagogical and practice-based strategies for integrating death education into gerontology curricula from the outset. Guided by the Compassionate Communities approach to palliative care (Kellehear, 2005), which emphasizes that experiences of death, dying, and bereavement extend beyond professional domains, we argue that gerontology educators are uniquely poised to support public engagement with mortality.

Short-term versus long-term psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: a protocol for an individual patient data pooled analysis of two randomised clinical trials.

Background: The evidence for the optimal duration of psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder (BPD) is scarce. Two previous trials have compared different durations of psychotherapy. The first compared 6 months versus 12 months of dialectical behaviour therapy for BPD (the FASTER trial).

The Origin, Diagnosis, and Prognosis of Oligomannose-Type Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

The acquisition of N-glycosylation sites occupied by oligomannose-type glycans in the immunoglobulin complementarity-determining region (CDR) is an early clonal tumor-specific identifier of follicular lymphoma (FL). CDR-located N-glycosylation sites are also acquired in germinal-center-B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (GCB-DLBCL), but their significance is less defined. We used RNA-seq immunoglobulin assembly to determine the frequency and CDR location of the acquired N-glycosylation sites (AGS) in two large independent DLBCL cohorts.

The Role of Discrete Emotional Reactions to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Testimony in Mock Juror Decision-Making.

Child sexual abuse (CSA) cases often involve graphic descriptions of abuse. Jurors may experience emotional reactions to this type of evidence, which may impact decision making. Two studies were conducted to understand mock jurors' emotions in response to children's testimony about alleged CSA, how emotions relate to moral outrage, objective verdict decisions, sentence recommendations, and witness evaluations.

Resilience applications to social isolation and loneliness in older adults: a scoping review to develop a model and research agenda.

Background: The development of a theoretical model applied to social isolation and loneliness (SI/L) among older adults has not kept pace with the exponential growth in empirical research, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic. One promising but under-investigated area is the contribution of resilience models to this field. This paper provides a scoping review of the application of resilience theoretical models to social isolation and loneliness and suggests directions for the development of an integrated new model.

A multidisciplinary evaluation of fertility preservation for oncology patients in Canada: The British Columbia perspective.

Introduction: Infertility represents a devastating side effect of antineoplastic agents, particularly in adolescents and young adults (AYA). A paucity of practitioner-initiated fertility preservation (FP) counseling has resulted in low uptake of assisted reproductive technologies. There is no dedicated FP program in British Columbia (BC) and few across Canada, leaving patients without adequate support.

Compliance to prescribed training among recreational swimmers using augmented-reality swim goggles: A randomised controlled trial.

Complying with prescribed training plans is an important challenge for swimmers, as deviations from intended intensity or duration can reduce gains in performance and fitness. This randomised controlled trial investigated whether real-time visual feedback enhances compliance with prescribed training protocols among recreational swimmers. Fifty-seven participants were randomised into feedback (FB) and non-feedback (NFB) groups and completed 35 workouts over 12 weeks across three training volumes (small, medium, large).

Comparative effectiveness of alternative initial doses of opioid agonist treatment for individuals with opioid use disorder: a protocol for a retrospective population-based study using target trial emulation in British Columbia, Canada.

Introduction: Selecting an optimal initial dosage of opioid agonist treatment (OAT) balances effectiveness and safety, as initial doses that are too low may be insufficient, potentially prompting clients to seek unregulated drugs to alleviate withdrawal symptoms, which may increase the likelihood of treatment discontinuation. Conversely, initial doses that are too high carry a risk of overdose. As opioid tolerance levels have risen in the fentanyl era, linked population-level data capturing initial doses in the real world provide a valuable opportunity to refine existing guidance on optimal OAT dosing at treatment initiation.

Evidence for deliberate burial of the dead by .

In this study, we describe new results of excavations in the Dinaledi Subsystem of the Rising Star cave system, South Africa. In two areas within the Hill Antechamber and the Dinaledi Chamber, this work uncovered concentrations of abundant fossils including articulated, matrix-supported skeletal regions consistent with rapid covering by sediment prior to the decomposition of soft tissue. We additionally re-examine the spatial positioning of skeletal material and associated sediments within the Puzzle Box area, from which abundant remains representing a minimum of six individuals were recovered in 2013 and 2014.

A Tale of Many Canadas: Associations of Ancestry With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Categories and Disease Severity at Presentation to Care.

Objective: To assess associations of ancestry with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) categories and clinical Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Scores (cJADAS10) at presentation to pediatric rheumatology care in a multicultural country with universal health care.

Methods: Parents reported their child's ancestry in the Research in Arthritis in Canadian Children Emphasizing Outcomes (ReACCh-Out) cohort. For each ancestry reported for ≥30 children, we compared JIA category distribution and median cJADAS10 scores among three groups: only that ancestry, with that and other ancestries, and without that ancestry.

Comparative effectiveness of urine drug testing schedules alongside opioid agonist treatment: Emulation of a population-based target trial in British Columbia, Canada.

Background And Aim: Urine drug testing is often utilized alongside opioid agonist treatment to assess client progress by validating self-reported substance use, monitoring for diversion and supporting clinical decisions for take-home dosing. However, there is a paucity of evidence to support the practice of urine drug testing. We aimed to determine the association of alternative urine drug testing frequencies with opioid agonist treatment discontinuation, compared with no monitoring, among individuals receiving methadone or buprenorphine/naloxone treatment.

Pandemic planning for primary care in Southwestern Ontario: protocol for a sequential multiple-methods design.

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, primary care providers rapidly adapted their practice in response to emerging knowledge of infection risk, resource availability and evolving patient and system needs. Given the previous lack of guidance specific to primary care settings, there is a need to formalise and integrate lessons learnt from these successful adaptations into future pandemic plans. Our project will develop a model for pandemic planning in primary care designed for replication in other Canadian regions and internationally to facilitate the scale and spread of effective primary care pandemic response strategies.