Wild Versus Cultivated: Assessing the Nutritional Superiority of a Diploid Potato Species Solanum okadae for Future Food Security.

Potatoes are a global staple, yet their nutritional potential is underutilized. This study evaluates the biochemical and nutritional composition of Solanum okadae (S. okadae), a wild diploid potato species, compared to the cultivated S.

Prognostic immunotherapy score (PIS) in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma treated with pembrolizumab: real-world data and validation from ARON-2 dataset.

Recent years have seen the development and advent of novel combinatorial strategies based on immunotherapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) - based treatment has established itself as a mainstay in the treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC). Herein, we aimed to validate the prognostic value of a previously developed score, the Prognostic Immunotherapy Score (PIS), including female sex, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG-PS) and liver metastases, in patients treated with pembrolizumab for advanced UC from the ARON-2 dataset. We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from Metastatic UC patients diagnosed at age ≥ 18 years.

Efficacy of peroneal nerve functional electrical stimulation (FES) for the reduction of bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease: an assessor-blinded randomised controlled trial (STEPS II)-study protocol.

Introduction: Difficulty with walking can lead to reduced quality of life for people with Parkinson's disease (pwPD); improving walking is considered a treatment priority. Drug therapies can control PD symptoms; however, pwPD often still experience mobility problems.Functional electrical stimulation (FES) induces movement in weak muscles via external electrical stimulation.

NALCN/Cch1 channelosome subunits originated in early eukaryotes.

The sodium leak channel NALCN, a key regulator of neuronal excitability, associates with three ancillary subunits that are critical for its function: a subunit called FAM155, which interacts with the extracellular regions of the channel, and two cytoplasmic subunits called UNC79 and UNC80. Interestingly, NALCN and FAM155 have orthologous phylogenetic relationships with the fungal calcium channel Cch1 and its subunit Mid1; however, UNC79 and UNC80 have not been reported outside of animals. In this study, we leveraged expanded gene sequence data available for eukaryotes to reexamine the evolutionary origins of NALCN and Cch1 channel subunits.

Metathesis and the building block approach to novel layered copper oxyselenides - useful tool or synthetic dead-end?

The use of metathesis, or ionic double displacement reactions, for the synthesis of layered copper oxyselenides is explored, and compared to the conventional solid state reaction approach across a range of temperatures. We have determined that metathesis does offer some advantages in product selectivity at low temperature but due to more complex synthetic requirements does not warrant more widespread adoption.

On poverty and trauma: associations between neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation, post-traumatic stress disorder severity and treatment response.

To determine if neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation is associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) severity and psychological treatment response. This was a retrospective cohort study based on the analysis of electronic health records for  = 2064 patients treated for PTSD across 16 psychological therapy services in England. The (IES-R) scale was used to measure PTSD severity and associations were examined with the neighbourhood-level index of multiple deprivation (IMD) using non-parametric correlations and multilevel modelling.

Health literacy, multimorbidity and its effect on mental health in South African adults: a repeated cross-sectional nationally representative panel study.

Objective And Methods: Health literacy is a key determinant of physical and mental health outcomes, particularly in low- and middle-income settings like South Africa, where multimorbidity is increasingly common. Limited health literacy may hinder effective management of multiple chronic conditions and worsen mental health. Using repeated cross-sectional nationally representative data, this study examined the relationship between health literacy and multimorbidity, with a specific focus on mental health among South African adults (18 years and older).

Impact of bleeding and thrombosis on outcome of 945 COVID-19 VV-ECMO cases from a German registry.

Unlabelled: Bleeding and thromboembolic events (BTE) increase the mortality of COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The current analysis aimed to assess frequency and determinants of BTE according to their location and severity in a retrospective analysis of the German ECMO COVID-19 registry. Logistic regression was applied to identify factors influencing ICU survival as well as variables associated with risks of BTE.

The genome sequence of the China Limpet, Gmelin, 1791 (Patellidae).

We present a genome assembly from a specimen of (China Limpet; Mollusca; Gastropoda; Patellidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 693.56 megabases.

Changes in carriage and serotype diversity of Streptococcus pneumoniae and other respiratory pathobionts in the UK between pre-PCV13 (2006-10), early-PCV13 (2010-12) and late-PCV13 (2012-23) periods.

Background: The ongoing burden of mortality and morbidity associated with infections requires that monitoring of carriage epidemiology continues. Here, we present data from the annual, cross-sectional surveillance study in Southampton UK on serotype epidemiology and diversity, as well as carriage of other frequent colonisers of the respiratory tract in over 7000 children over a period of seventeen years (2006–2023).

Methods: Children were recruited from two sites: Site 1 - Southampton General Hospital, administered by University Hospital Southampton (UHS) NHS Foundation Trust and Site 2– a collection of community health care facilities within the Solent NHS Trust region.

Using adaptive optics to assess hyporeflective clump speed and size in age-related macular degeneration in the PINNACLE Study. (PINNACLE Study Report 6).

Background/objectives: Hyporeflective clumps (HRC) are a common finding in adaptive optics ophthalmoscopy (AOO) of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). They appear on optical coherence tomography (OCT) as hyperreflective foci (HRF) or abutting the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer as RPE thickening. The cellular origin of HRF is debated between migrated RPE cells and mononuclear phagocytes (MP).

Predicting total body water in infants aged 0.5-24 months and the implications for measuring breast milk intake: a secondary analysis of isotope dilution data.

Background: Total body water (TBW) is commonly used to derive estimates of body composition. The deuterium oxide dose-to-mother (DTM) technique for measuring breast milk intake requires an estimate of infant TBW. The DTM calculation employs a prediction equation for estimating infant TBW from body weight (TBW), but the general validity of this equation is unknown.

Public and philanthropic research funding, publications, and research networks for cancer in the Commonwealth and globally between 2016 and 2023: a comparative analysis.

This Review presents a comprehensive analysis of the amounts and distribution of public and philanthropic global cancer research funding between 2016 and 2023, including patterns of international collaboration and downstream research output, with an emphasis on the Commonwealth. We show that annual investment decreased globally each year, apart from a rise in 2021. Network analysis revealed that grant and publication collaborations between the Commonwealth, the USA, and the EU are facilitated by linkages through a core group of Commonwealth countries, including the UK, Australia, and Canada.

The impact of socioeconomic status on the management of epilepsy: a qualitative study.

Introduction: Socioeconomic status (SES) is a recognised determinant of epilepsy outcome, yet it remains unclear whether epilepsy management is effectively contextualised to meet the needs of individuals across different SES backgrounds. This study explored how adults with epilepsy perceive the influence of SES on their care and self-management.

Methods: In-depth, semi-structured videoconference or telephone interviews were conducted until data saturation with fifteen adults (11 women, 18-75 years) recruited through national epilepsy charities.

Vibrational Stabilization in Cyclacene Carbon Nanobelts.

Cyclacene carbon nanobelts are predicted to be more stable in certain vibrational states. Vibrational simulations using hybrid thermally assisted-occupation density functional theory (TAO-DFT) predict small but consistent singlet-triplet electronic excitation energy changes at the classical harmonic vibrational turning points of the smaller belts. Geometric and vibrational properties are also compared between hybrid Kohn-Sham DFT and TAO-DFT for [n]cyclacene ( = 6-14), where TAO-DFT is found to shorten the carbon-carbon bonds bridging between the two annulene ribbons and causes qualitative changes in the calculated infrared spectra.

Detection of social anxiety using multiple simultaneous biosignals: A pilot study.

Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is a prevalent and debilitating condition characterized by heightened anxiety and avoidance behaviors in social situations. Despite the availability of treatment options, remission rates for SAD remain low, highlighting the need for more effective interventions. To support the development of more effective therapies, a better understanding of the psychophysiological mechanisms underlying SAD is needed.

Tackling public health data gaps through Bayesian high-resolution population estimation: A case study of Kasaï-Oriental, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Most low- and middle-income countries face significant public health challenges, exacerbated by the lack of reliable demographic data supporting effective planning and intervention. In such data-scarce settings, statistical models combining geolocated survey data with geospatial datasets enable the estimation of population counts at high spatial resolution in the absence of dependable demographic data sources. This study introduces a Bayesian model jointly estimating building and population counts, combining geolocated survey data and gridded geospatial datasets.

The association between adolescents' independent food purchasing and dietary quality differs by socioeconomic status: Findings from a pilot study.

During adolescence, many young people start to make more independent food purchases. Subsequently, these independent food choices will increasingly contribute to their overall diet quality; little is known, however, about this relationship. This pilot study aimed to examine the role adolescents' independent food purchases play in their diet quality and assess if these relationships vary according to socio-economic status.

The Feasibility and Acceptability of an App-Based Intervention Aimed at Improving Maternal Health Literacy Regarding Infant Play and Development: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Allowing infants access to unstructured, unrestricted play in their home environment is imperative for increasing healthy movement behaviors and, therefore, developmental outcomes. Interventions should equip mothers to provide opportunities for infant play as early as possible. Evaluating such interventions is necessary to understand the feasibility for scale-up and implementation in specific contexts.

Advances in applied supramolecular technologies 2021-2025.

Supramolecular chemistry is a rapidly evolving field that has focused on building a foundation of fundamental understanding in controlling molecular self-assembly, through the use of non-covalent interactions. A common criticism of the field is that whilst the systems produced are very elegant, they do not have real-world use. Therefore, focus is now moving to applying the fundamental understanding of supramolecular chemistry to the production of commercially viable products.

Needle INsitu Fenestration Aortic repair (NINFA) - Short term results of a multicentre registry.

Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) involving the left subclavian artery (Ishimaru zone 2) presents technical challenges. This multicentre study evaluates the Ankura thoracic stent graft with in-situ fenestration using a dedicated needle system (Lifetech, Shenzhen, China) for various thoracic aortic pathologies. Between January 2020 and December 2025, 59 patients from three tertiary centres underwent in-situ fenestration TEVAR (if-TEVAR) for thoracoabdominal aortic pathologies.