Ovarian reserve markers in women of reproductive ages with epilepsy.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine ovarian reserve parameters in women with epilepsy compared to women without epilepsy.

Methods: A total of 80 women with epilepsy (WWE) from the epilepsy clinic at Rigshospitalet, Denmark, participated and completed the study between 2018-2022. A historical cohort collected from 2008 to 2010 of 418 women without epilepsy and no prior diagnosis of infertility was used as control.

Early surgical complications following kidney transplantation in adults: A systematic review.

Objective: To quantify and characterise short-term (<90 days) surgical complications following kidney transplantation and identify risk factors for complications.

Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and the protocol registered with PROSPERO (ID CRD42024535328). Studies reporting surgical and postoperative complications within 90 days of surgery were included as well as studies reporting on groups of complications such as urological, vascular or wound related.

Diagnostic yield of whole exome sequencing in a cohort of 825 patients.

Genetic testing plays a significant role in rare disease diagnostics. The most widespread technology for genetic testing of patients is next generation sequencing or second-generation sequencing, including whole exome sequencing (WES). Our laboratory performed diagnostic WES on 1660 samples representing 825 index patients aged 0-84 years between 2014 and 2020.

Target volume delineation of the neck for radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: CSTRO, CACA, CSCO, HNCIG, ESTRO, and ASTRO guidelines and contouring atlas.

The Chinese Society for Therapeutic Radiology Oncology, the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology, the Head and Neck Cancer International Group, the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology, and the American Society for Radiation Oncology collaboratively developed evidence-based guidelines and a comprehensive contouring atlas for neck target volume delineation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. These guidelines address five key challenges in modern radiotherapy practice: margin design of clinical target volume; nodal target volume delineation after induction chemotherapy; delineation of equivocal nodes evident on imaging; low-risk clinical target volume delineation based on regional stepwise extension patterns; and modifications for anatomical boundaries of lymphatic areas. Developed through a rigorous systematic review and expert appraisal process by a panel of 50 international, multidisciplinary members from 17 countries and regions, these guidelines incorporate the latest advances in nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis and treatment.

Primary target volume delineation for radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: CSTRO, CACA, CSCO, HNCIG, ESTRO, and ASTRO guidelines and contouring atlas.

The Chinese Society for Therapeutic Radiology Oncology, the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology, Head and Neck Cancer International Group, the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology, and the American Society for Radiation Oncology jointly developed evidence-based guidelines and a contouring atlas for primary target volume delineation for radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The guidelines systematically address three crucial challenges: margin design of clinical target volumes; target volume delineation after induction chemotherapy; and low-risk clinical target volume delineation based on local stepwise extension patterns. Based on a comprehensive systematic review and critical appraisal by an international multidisciplinary panel of 50 nasopharyngeal carcinoma specialists from 17 countries and regions, these guidelines are in keeping with advances in nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis and treatment, embodying contemporary treatment concepts, and elaborating on the differences in practice.

No changes in weight, body composition or metabolic parameters after the switch to dolutegravir and lamivudine compared to continued treatment with dolutegravir, abacavir and lamivudine for virologically suppressed HIV infection (The AVERTAS trial).

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people with HIV (PWH) can lead to weight gain, but the effects of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors such as abacavir (ABC) are not well understood. In this study, we investigated whether discontinuing ABC would mitigate weight changes and metabolic complications in PWH.

Methods: In a randomized controlled trial including PWH on dolutegravir, ABC, and lamivudine (DTG/ABC/3TC), participants were randomized 2:1 to either switch to DTG/3TC or continue DTG/ABC/3TC.

Accuracy of detecting critical findings using abbreviated brain MRI scan protocols as a prerequisite for AI-driven on-the-fly scan protocol adaptation.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of an AI tool and relevant radiology professionals in detecting brain infarcts, intracranial hemorrhages, and tumors using abbreviated brain MRI scan protocols as prerequisite for an AI-driven workflow that dynamically selects additional imaging sequences based on real-time imaging findings.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective, consecutively enriched cohort of routine adult brain MRI scans from four Danish hospitals was constructed. Three consultant neuroradiologists, three radiology residents, three MR technologists, and an AI tool detected brain infarcts, hemorrhages, and tumors using an abbreviated 3-sequence protocol (DWI, SWI/T2*-GRE, T2-FLAIR) or 4-sequence protocol (DWI, SWI/T2*-GRE, T2-FLAIR, T1W) in a non-overlapping three-way split cross-over design.

Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances during fetal development and risk of testicular germ cell cancer in adulthood.

Background: Testicular germ cell cancer (TGCC) originates during fetal life. Fetal exposure to environmental chemicals may contribute to its development, but epidemiological data are lacking. We investigated per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which can act as endocrine disruptors during fetal development, and TGCC risk in adulthood.

Preoperative marking of the proximal resection margin in esophageal cancer with a surgical fiducial marker: First experiences.

Background: Neoadjuvant therapy can reduce the size of gastroesophageal tumors to the extent that they are no longer macroscopically visible. This may increase the risk of microscopic-positive resection margins. One potential method to reduce this uncertainty could be the preoperative endoscopic marking of proximal tumor margins with BioXmark, a novel liquid fiducial marker.

Preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, and cardiovascular disease risk: a genetic epidemiological study.

Background And Aims: Observational studies show that women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy have greater risk of cardiovascular disease later in life. Whether these associations reflect causal pathways is uncertain. This study used genetic epidemiology to explore the causal relevance of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension on cardiovascular disease.

Changes in circulating levels of miR-30b during minipuberty and puberty in girls.

Context: Pubertal timing is tightly controlled by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Makorin RING finger protein 3 (MKRN3) is an inhibitor of the HPG axis and microRNA-30b (miR-30b) is proposed to act as a direct regulator of hypothalamic MKRN3 expression. Similarly, microRNA-155 (miR-155) targets CEBPB, which is also suggested to be involved in the activation of the HPG axis.

Herpesviruses, antiviral treatment, and the risk of dementia - systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize the evidence on the association between herpesviruses, antiviral treatment, and the risk of dementia. We also aimed to explore the impact of time between herpesviruses and dementia on the reported associations.

Methods: PubMed and Web of Science were searched along with reference lists of the included studies.

Prevalence and co-occurrence of dementia risk factors in Denmark: A nationwide study.

Background: The clustering of dementia risk factors is common and has implications for policies targeting risk reduction.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of 16 dementia risk factors and their co-occurrence.

Design: Cross-sectional based on a closed cohort on 1 January 2022 with nationwide data on risk factors from 1969/1977.

Short-term versus long-term psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: a protocol for an individual patient data pooled analysis of two randomised clinical trials.

Background: The evidence for the optimal duration of psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder (BPD) is scarce. Two previous trials have compared different durations of psychotherapy. The first compared 6 months versus 12 months of dialectical behaviour therapy for BPD (the FASTER trial).

Serum neurofilament light chain levels are associated with cognitive decline in a consecutive cohort of patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive decline, but the individual progression rates vary. One type of blood-based biomarker that has been widely investigated is neurofilament light chain (NfL), as it reflects measures neuronal damage.

Aim: The aim of the current study was to investigate whether NfL could determine the rate of progression in patients with AD.

White paper on the current state of imaging biomarkers in paediatric oncology.

In paediatric oncology, imaging biomarkers play an increasing role in diagnostic imaging and research. They can be used for prediction, detection, staging, and grading of diseases, as well as for assessment of response to treatment. Imaging biomarkers are complementary to tissue-based biomarkers, enabling a more personalised approach in oncology care.

Migraine stigma and general knowledge of migraine: A cross-sectional European survey.

BackgroundThe stigma associated with migraine impacts patients' quality of life, mental health and their willingness to seek treatment. The present study aimed to gain insights into the stigma from the patient's perspective and to assess migraine knowledge among people without the condition.MethodsThis cross-sectional descriptive, quantitative study used two surveys (survey 1, open April 2023 to July 2023; survey 2, September 2023 to November 2023).

Bile acids for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in adults.

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the benefits and harms of oral bile acid-based therapies versus no intervention or placebo, or versus a different bile acid-based therapy, at any dose or regimen, in adults diagnosed with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).

Nationwide trends in macular hole, epiretinal membrane and floaters surgery, 2010-2023.

Purpose: To examine the incidence of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for full-thickness macular hole (FTMH), epiretinal membrane (ERM) and floaters over time and across regions in Denmark.

Methods: This nationwide registry-based study included all patients undergoing PPV for FTMH, ERM, or floaters in Denmark from 2010 to 2023. Crude and age-standardized incidence rates were calculated using Poisson regression, stratified by sex, age, region and year.

Long-term mortality in patients who survive surgery for infective endocarditis versus the background population: a nationwide study.

Background: Valvular surgery for infective endocarditis (IE) can improve survival but carries substantial risk. Limited data exist on long-term outcomes for patients who survive surgery compared with a background population. We aim to compare long-term mortality and morbidity in patients with IE, who survive 90-days following valvular surgery to a matched Danish background population.

MRI lesion distribution criteria for MS, NMOSD and MOGAD differentiation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) can share similar features, posing diagnostic challenges. In this study, we identified sets of conventional MRI lesion distribution criteria proposed for disease differentiation and investigated their clinical utility.

Methods: We searched five electronic databases for English-written and peer-reviewed diagnostic accuracy studies that included brain MRI at least.

Left ventricular ejection fraction reserve and its association with myocardial perfusion, coronary calcification, and strain in type 2 diabetes without overt cardiovascular disease.

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the relationships between myocardial function, microvascular function, and atherosclerotic burden remain underexplored in asymptomatic individuals. This study investigates the associations between left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)-reserve, myocardial flow reserve (MFR), perfusion defects, coronary artery calcium score (CACS), and global longitudinal strain (GLS) in individuals with T2D but without overt CVD.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 871 individuals with T2D without overt CVD, recruited between 2020 and 2023.