Ruthenium Clusters Modification Carbon Layer-Encapsulated NiCoP Nanoneedles as Advanced Electrocatalyst for Efficient Seawater Splitting Application.

Developing efficient and durable electrocatalyst for seawater splitting is crucial in hydrogen production. Herein, a multi-scale design strategy was employed to fabricate ruthenium clusters modification carbon layer-encapsulated nickel-cobalt-phosphorus (Ru/C/NiCoP) nanoneedles electrocatalyst supported on nickel foam (NF). We demonstrated that Ru/C/NiCoP/NF exhibited exceptional oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performances, with low overpotential, Tafel slope and superior stability.

Enhancing Cr(vi) removal performance of TiCT through structural modification by using a spray freezing method.

Structural modification is expected to be a facile way to enhance the adsorption performance of MXene. In this work, the structural modification of TiCT was carried out by a spray freezing method, and two kinds of nano-structure (spherical and flaky) of TiCT were prepared by adjusting the solution concentration of TiCT . Then the Cr(vi) adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of the spherical and flaky TiCT was investigated, respectively.

A novel polysaccharide-based bioflocculant produced by 35A and its application in the treatment of dye decolorization, heavy metal ion adsorption and meat product wastewater.

Optimizing the fermentation process of microorganisms with exceptional bioflocculant-producing capabilities is crucial for the production of bioflocculants. The application of bioflocculants to various pollutants highlights their significant advantages in water treatment. Therefore, the culture conditions of 35A with exceptional bioflocculant-producing capabilities were optimized.

[Research progress on colorectal cancer identification based on convolutional neural network].

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor that seriously threatens human health. CRC presents a formidable challenge in terms of accurate identification due to its indistinct boundaries. With the widespread adoption of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in image processing, leveraging CNNs for automatic classification and segmentation holds immense potential for enhancing the efficiency of colorectal cancer recognition and reducing treatment costs.

Furstenberg Family and Chaos for Time-Varying Discrete Dynamical Systems.

Assume that (Y,ρ) is a nontrivial complete metric space, and that (Y,g1,∞) is a time-varying discrete dynamical system (T-VDDS), which is given by sequences (gl)l=1∞ of continuous selfmaps gl:Y→Y. In this paper, for a given Furstenberg family G and a given T-VDDS (Y,g1,∞), G-scrambled pairs of points of the system (Y,g1,∞) (which contains the well-known scrambled pairs) are provided. Some properties of the set of G-scrambled pairs of a given T-VDDS (Y,g1,∞) are studied.

Tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics analysis reveals the different responses of contrasting alfalfa varieties to drought stress.

Background: Drought stress restricts the growth, distribution and productivity of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). In order to study the response differences of alfalfa cultivars to drought stress, we previously carried out physiological and molecular comparative analysis on two alfalfa varieties with contrasting drought resistance (relatively drought-tolerant Longdong and drought-sensitive Algonquin).

Eu/Tb-MOF as fluorescence sensors for the detection homocysteine in human serum performance and mechanistic investigation.

Abnormal homocysteine (Hcy) levels in human serum have been associated with serious or vital diseases, making the reliable and easy detection of Hcy important to clinical analysis and biological study. In this work, five phosphorescent Ir(C^N)(N^N) complexes (Ir) having aldehyde group were synthesized as probes (C^N and N^N denoted ligands). A discussion was conducted on their molecular structure, electronic structure, photophysical parameters, and Hcy sensing ability, revealing the correlations between their molecular structures and performances.

Improving High-Voltage Cycling Stability and High-Rate Capability of Sodium-Ion Layered Cathode Oxides through Trace Amounts of Low-Valence Metals.

With the increasing demand for clean energy sources, the need for large-scale energy storage systems to ensure the stable output of renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar, has also increased. Sodium-ion batteries have emerged as a potential solution for these storage systems owing to their high energy density, abundance in the Earth's crust, and low cost. However, the larger atomic radius of sodium ions results in higher energy barriers for ion migration in cathode materials, which can affect the cycle life and rate performance of the battery.

Harnessing chemical functionality of xylan hemicellulose towards carbohydrate polymer-based pH/magnetic dual-responsive nanocomposite hydrogel for drug delivery.

This study reports a pH/magnetic dual-responsive hemicellulose-based nanocomposite hydrogel with nearly 100 % carbohydrate polymer-based and biodegradable polymer compositions for drug delivery. We synthesized pure FeO magnetic nanoparticles (FeO MNPs) using a co-precipitation method, then engineering xylan hemicellulose (XH), acrylic acid, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, and FeO to synthesize the pH/magnetic dual-responsive hydrogel (FeO@XH-Gel), through graft polymerization on XH with in-situ doping FeO MNPs initiated by the ammonium persulfate/tetramethylethylenediamine redox system. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), swelling gravimetric analysis, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were employed to analyze the hydrogel's chemical structures, morphologies, pH-responsive behaviors, and magnetic responsiveness characteristics, mechanical and rheological properties, as well as cytotoxicity and biodegradability.

Functional connectome gradient predicts clinical symptoms of chronic insomnia disorder.

Insomnia is the second most prevalent psychiatric disorder worldwide, but the understanding of the pathophysiology of insomnia remains fragmented. In this study, we calculated the connectome gradient in 50 chronic insomnia disorder (CID) patients and 38 healthy controls (HC) to assess changes due to insomnia and utilized these gradients in a connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM) to predict clinical symptoms associated with insomnia. The results suggested that insomnia led to significant alterations in the functional gradients of some brain areas.

Small ion pulse ionization chamber for radon measurement in underground space.

Radon, prevalent in underground spaces, requires continuous monitoring due to health risks. Traditional detectors are often expensive, bulky, and ill-suited for humid environments in underground spaces. This study presents a compact, cost-effective radon detector designed for long-term, online monitoring.

Quantitative modelling of Plato and total flavonoids in Qingke wort at mashing and boiling stages based on FT-IR combined with deep learning and chemometrics.

Craft beer brewers need to learn process control strategies from traditional industrial production to ensure the consistent quality of the finished product. In this study, FT-IR combined with deep learning was used for the first time to model and analyze the Plato degree and total flavonoid content of Qingke beer during the mashing and boiling stages and to compare the effectiveness with traditional chemometrics methods. Two deep learning neural networks were designed, the effect of variable input methods on the effectiveness of the models was discussed.

Effect of different cooking conditions on the quality characteristics of chicken claws.

Chicken claw products with their unique texture are loved by consumers, and cooking is a key step to affect the taste of chicken claw consumption, through the moderate hydrolysis of proteins and a series of physicochemical changes, so that the chicken claw gets tender and presents a crispy taste, but the current research on the optimal cooking conditions for chicken claw is still relatively small. In the present work, combinations of time (11, 13, 15, 17, and 19 min) and temperature (82, 86, 90, 94, and 98°C) were applied to the cooking of chicken claws. The effects of different cooking conditions on the quality characteristics of chicken claws were investigated, with special emphasis on the cooking loss rate, color, texture properties, lipid oxidation, myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI), and total sulfhydryl content.

Identifying distinct markers in two Sorghum varieties for baijiu fermentation using untargeted metabolomics and molecular network approaches.

The quality of strong-flavor Baijiu, a prominent Chinese liquor, is intricately tied to the choice of sorghum variety used in fermentation. However, a significant gap remains in our understanding of how glutinous and non-glutinous sorghum varieties comprehensively impact Baijiu flavor formation through fermentation metabolites. This study employed untargeted metabolomics combined with feature-based molecular networking (FBMN) to explore the unique metabolic characteristics of these two sorghum varieties during fermentation.

Preparation of Fluorescent "on-off-on" Carbon Quantum Dots and Their Application to the Detection of Fe and Ascorbic Acid and Information Encryption.

Carbon quantum dots are a new type of fluorescent carbon-based nanomaterials, and their excellent properties have provoked a strong research interest. Herein, blue-fluorescent carbon quantum dots (k-CQDs) were successfully synthesized by a simple one-step hydrothermal method using chitosan and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid as precursors. It was found that Fe could quench the fluorescence of k-CQDs by a dynamic quenching mechanism that increased the positive charge in solution.

Effect of liquid level monitor gas injection point size on information source amplitude-frequency characteristics.

In order to analyse the effect of the injection point size of the CBM (Coalbed Methane) well level monitor on the amplitude and frequency of pressure pulsations in the wellhead manifold, numerical simulations and experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of different injection point sizes on the amplitude and frequency of pressure pulsations downstream of the sudden expansion structure. Using compressed air as the fluid and the size of the injection point as the variable, the amplitude and frequency of pressure pulsations at different locations downstream of the sudden expansion structure were tested. The results show that the pressure pulsation amplitude is affected by the size of the injection point, and the larger the injection point is, the larger the pressure pulsation amplitude is; the size of the injection point has less influence on the pressure pulsation frequency downstream of the protruding and expanding structure, and the pressure pulsation frequency at 0.

Konjac supplementation can alleviate obesity induced by high-fat diet in mice by modulating gut microbiota and its metabolites.

As a multi-factorial disease, obesity has become one of the major health problems in the world, and it is still increasing rapidly. Konjac supplementation, as a convenient dietary therapy, has been shown to be able to regulate gut microbiota and improve obesity. However, the specific mechanism by which konjac improves obesity through gut microbiota remains to be studied.

Adsorption behavior of helium in quartz slit by molecular simulation.

Due to the multiple influences of unique physicochemical properties of helium, petrographic characteristics and temperature and pressure conditions, little is known about the helium adsorption behaviors in minerals and rocks at geological conditions. Based on the grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations, this study revealed the adsorption characteristics of pure helium and the competitive adsorption of binary mixtures with different proportions of methane and helium under geological temperature and pressure conditions in quartz slit model. Molecular simulation of pure helium shows that physical adsorption of helium exists in mineral surfaces, which indicates a preservation mechanism of helium in helium source rocks.

Innovative techniques for combating a common enemy forever chemicals: A comprehensive approach to mitigating per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) contamination.

The pervasive presence of per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), commonly referred to as "forever chemicals," in water systems poses a significant threat to both the environment and public health. PFAS are persistent organic pollutants that are incredibly resistant to degradation and have a tendency to accumulate in the environment, resulting in long-term contamination issues. This comprehensive review delves into the primary impacts of PFAS on both the environment and human health while also delving into advanced techniques aimed at addressing these concerns.

Development of a Zn-Based Single-Atom Nanozyme for Efficient Hydrolysis of Glycosidic Bonds.

Hydrolytic enzymes are essential components in second-generation biofuel technology and food fermentation processes. Nanozymes show promise for large-scale industrial applications as replacements for natural enzymes due to their distinct advantages. However, there remains a research gap concerning glycosidase nanozymes.

A-site-deficiency range identified for exsolution from (LaSr)TiNiO electrodes for SOFC and SOEC.

Modulating the A-site deficiency is a useful method to achieve the exsolution of nanoparticles on the surface of perovskite, improving the catalytic activity. However, rules for designing the deficiency value and its roles on the structure and performance remain unclear. In this study, a wide range of A-site deficiencies of (LaSr)TiNiO (LSTN, = 0.

Mechanically Robust and Electrically Conductive Hybrid Hydrogel Electrolyte Enabled by Simultaneous Dual In Situ Sol-Gel Technique and Free Radical Copolymerization.

Mechanically robust and ionically conductive hydrogels poly(acrylamide-co-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate-lithium)/TiO/SiO (P(AM-co-AMPSLi)/TiO/SiO) with inorganic hybrid crosslinking are fabricated through dual in situ sol-gel reaction of vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) and tetrabutyl titanate (TBOT), and in situ radical copolymerization of acrylamide (AM), 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonate-lithium (AMPSLi), and vinyl-SiO. Due to the introduction of the sulfonic acid groups and Li by the reaction of AMPS with LiCO, the conductivity of the ionic hydrogel can reach 0.19 S m.