Assessment of the acute encephalitis surveillance system in Bongaigaon district of Assam, India, 2020.

Introduction: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a significant cause of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) in Asia, with Northeast India, particularly Assam, being a hotspot. Effective surveillance is crucial for disease control. This study aims to describe the AES surveillance system in Bongaigaon district, Assam, assess its attributes, and provide recommendations for improvement.

Three-Fraction External Beam Radiotherapy in Patients with Early Breast Cancer.

Introduction: Patients with early breast cancer (EBC) can be treated with accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI). The objective of this study was to determine if a three-fraction APBI schedule is feasible for these patients.

Methods: This single-institutional, phase 2 study included patients with age ≥45 years, tumor size <3.

Adjuvant interventions for preventing kidney scarring in children with febrile urinary tract infection.

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the benefits and harms of adjuvant interventions (anti-inflammatory or antioxidative) in preventing kidney scarring (detected by DMSA scan) in children with febrile urinary tract infections.

Comparison of prostate-specific membrane antigen intraprostatic radiological yield score, prostate-specific membrane antigen expression score, and lesion standardized uptake value and their combination with multiparametric MRI for evaluation of clinically significant prostate cancer: a single-center retrospective study.

Objective: To compare the prostate-specific membrane antigen intraprostatic radiological yield (PRIMARY)-score, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-expression score, and lesion standardized uptake value (SUV)max and their combination with multiparametric MRI (MpMRI) for the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPC).

Materials And Methods: Our retrospective study analyzed 381 patients with suspicion of prostate cancer who underwent 68 Ga-PSMA PET/computed tomography (CT) between January 2021 and December 2022. Among these, 170 patients also underwent MpMRI.

Clinicopathological and Immunogenetic Characterization in 8 Patients with Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Type 2: A Study from North India with Literature Review.

Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 2 (FHL2) is the commonest cause of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHLH). In this retrospective study, we analyzed 8 patients with a genetic diagnosis of FHL2 and then examined their clinicopathological and perforin flow cytometry results (< 10% expression). The atypical clinical features in our cohort included tuberculosis, lymphoreticular malignancy, and necrotizing enterocolitis in 3 patients.

Multimodality Imaging in Wrist Fractures and Dislocations.

Wrist fractures and dislocations are frequently encountered in the emergency department and can cause significant long-term disability. Imaging plays a crucial role in the evaluation of wrist injuries, with conventional radiography being the first imaging investigation. Cross-sectional imaging is playing an increasingly important role in management of wrist injuries.

Energy doses for paediatric defibrillation in cardiac arrest: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Early defibrillation is the foundation of treatment of shockable ventricular arrhythmias (VF, pVT) but optimal energy doses for initial and subsequent shocks in paediatric cardiac arrest remain controversial.

Objectives: To assess the use of different energy doses for initial defibrillation in infants, children and adolescents with ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pVT) during cardiac arrest.

Methods: A systematic review was performed by the ILCOR Paediatric Life Support Task force.

Bifunctional chelator-plerixafor complex for targeting CXCR4 receptors: radiolabeling, in-vitro, and preclinical study.

Objective: Overexpression of chemokine receptor subtype 4 (CXCR4) receptors is the root cause of the metastatic spread of various cancers. The use of CXCR4 antagonists as specific ligands to inhibit the CXCR4 interaction with its only natural ligand stromal cell derived factor-1α would benefit. Plerixafor is one such Food and Drug Administration approved CXCR4 antagonist used for hematopoietic stem cell mobilization in patients.

Computational study of phytochemicals from Khaya grandifoliola (WELW) as potential inhibitors of the transketolase and putative antimalarial agents.

The tropical and subtropical region has been challenged with Malaria; a life-threatening disease caused by . The rise of anti-malarial drug resistance, especially drug resistant strains has led to the urgent need for novel antimalarial drugs. This study focuses on using computational techniques to investigate and profile phytochemicals found in a plant known for its medicinal use in Africa for treating malaria in particular, as potential inhibitors of the transketolase enzyme and putative antimalarial agents.

Long-term Patient-reported Functional Outcome after Pelvic Ring Injuries: Analysis using Two Different Types of Outcome Scores.

Introduction: Pelvic ring injuries lead to significant patient morbidity and mortality. We evaluated long-term (>1 year) functional outcome of these patients using patient-reported outcome measures) using both generic health-specific and disease-specific outcome instruments.

Materials And Methods: Pelvic ring injury patients seen between 2015 and 2020 were called for a follow-up visit.

Optimizing Anti-Snake Venom Strategies for Hemotoxic Envenomation in Northern India: Clinical Outcomes and Regional Challenge.

Snakebite envenomation, especially from hemotoxic species such as and , remains a significant public health challenge in the northern Indian states of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and Himachal Pradesh. Despite the availability of polyvalent anti-snake venom (ASV), inconsistent dosing strategies, delayed administration, and disparities in healthcare contribute to high morbidity and mortality rates. This review examines optimal ASV dosing protocols, clinical outcomes, and host-specific factors that influence the therapeutic efficacy in hemotoxic envenomation.

Acquired Methemoglobinemia Leading to Death After Fungicide Ingestion: A Case Report.

We described a patient who presented with ingestion of fungicide "Perfect Azole," which contains 7.1% azoxystrobin and 11.9% propiconazole.

Tobacco cessation among dual users: analysis of two rounds of Global Adult Tobacco Survey, India.

Objective: The tobacco epidemic in India involves extensive use of smoking and smokeless tobacco products, with nearly 24 million dual users (using both forms) in 2016-17. Tobacco cessation among dual users remains underexplored. This study examines the pattern and determinants of tobacco cessation among dual users using the transtheoretical model.

The impact of three months of adjuvant yoga intervention on glycemic control among adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a randomized control trial.

Background: There is growing evidence that shows the benefits of yoga on people with diabetes. The benefit of yoga for people with Type 2 Diabetes has been proven. Incorporating yoga in daily life helps to attain glycaemic control and reduces the risk of complications in people with diabetes especially in the Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) field.

Thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer in pregnancy.

Thyroid gland size increases during pregnancy due to physiological changes. 2-3% of pregnancies, a thyroid nodule (TN) may either newly develop or an existing one may increase in size. Factors such as age, parity, and iodine status can influence the development of TN.

Retinal Pigment Epithelium Undulations in Primary Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: An Under-Recognised OCT Biomarker.

Objective: To determine the significance of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) undulations in primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) and evaluate the association of RPE undulations, intraretinal infiltration, and sub-RPE/subretinal lesions with severity indicators, including partial regression, subsequent central nervous system (CNS) involvement, and recurrence.

Methods: It is a multicentred, retrospective observational study which included 134 biopsy-proven PVRL eyes from Asian and American populations. Regression analysis was used to determine the association between various OCT biomarkers of PVRL and disease severity indicators.

Interest in Online Tobacco Cessation Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic in India- insights from Google Trends.

Background: With concerns about higher mortality and morbidity attributed to COVID-19 infection among tobacco users, the pandemic has been an opportune time to further our efforts towards tobacco cessation. The present study thus aims to assess the interest in tobacco cessation services during the pandemic.

Materials And Methods: An ecological study was done using data from Google Trends for five years.