A randomized control trial to assess the effectiveness of a brief educational intervention on colonoscopy preparation and experience in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: Colonoscopy is important for diagnosis, assessment and dysplasia screening in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A good bowel preparation is required for complete and adequate assessment.

Trial Design: Randomised, assessor blinded parallel arm trial with 1:1 allocation.

A Decade of Prenatal Genetic Diagnostics: Insights From 1949 Cases at a Medical Genetics Facility in South India.

Objective: Our objective was to report on the performance of prenatal diagnostic procedures for genetic testing in a developing country.

Method: This retrospective study involved a review of medical records of women who underwent prenatal diagnostic procedures from 2014 to 2024 at a Medical Genetics facility in South India. Data on the type of procedure, indication for testing, types of tests, outcomes, and complications of procedures were recorded and analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Gut dysbiosis influences the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis: A case-control study from North India.

Background And Objectives: Alterations in gut microbiota have been linked to pathophysiology of immune-mediated diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS). This study was undertaken to characterise the gut microbiome profile in North Indian MS patients and to evaluate gut health using biomarkers like zonulin (intestinal permeability) and calprotectin (intestinal inflammation).

Methods: 84 Patients with relapsing-remitting MS patients (RRMS) of 18-75 years of age with an expanded disability status scale (EDSS) score less than or equal to 5.

Nonsuperiority of Simultaneous Compared With Sequential Interventions in Infected Necrotic Collections at Multiple Sites in Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis: A Randomized Trial.

Background: Patients with infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) may need multiple interventions when the necrotic collection is multifocal. However, the efficacy of simultaneous interventions has not been compared with sequential interventions in this group of patients.

Methods: We performed a single-center, open-label, superiority, randomized trial at a tertiary-level hospital to compare simultaneous versus sequential intervention of infected necrotic collections involving at least two anatomical sites.

Role of MRI and abbreviated MRI in the evaluation and management of acute pancreatitis: a comprehensive review.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the most common gastrointestinal emergencies, with pancreatic fluid collection (PFC) representing a frequent complication requiring precise evaluation for optimal management. While computed tomography (CT) remains the most widely utilized radiological investigation, it has limitations in correctly identifying and quantifying solid debris within PFCs and evaluating main pancreatic duct (MPD) integrity. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) offers improved visualization but is invasive and operator-dependent.

Radiological signature of HER2-Positive gallbladder cancer: analysis of CT features.

Objective: This study aimed to identify distinctive computed tomography (CT) features associated with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status in gallbladder cancer (GBC) that could serve as noninvasive imaging biomarkers.

Materials And Methods: This study included 213 patients with pathologically confirmed GBCs with availability of HER2 status (171 HER2-negative, 42 HER2-positive). Pre-treatment contrast-enhanced CT scans were evaluated by two radiologists blinded to HER2 status.

Lemmel Syndrome Detected on 99m Tc-Mebrofenin Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy.

Lemmel syndrome is a rare clinical condition characterized by cholestatic jaundice caused by compression of the common bile duct (CBD) by a periampullary duodenal diverticulum. The authors present a patient with post-cholecystectomy jaundice, in whom 99m Tc-Mebrofenin hepatobiliary scintigraphy showed pooling of tracer activity in the proximal CBD with delayed bilioenteric drainage. Single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography detected a duodenal diverticulum medially displacing and compressing the distal CBD, which was corroborated by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography.

Double-site rapid urease test versus histopathology for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori among patients with dyspepsia on proton pump inhibitors-A diagnostic accuracy study.

Background And Aims: In real-world settings, many patients cannot or do not stop proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) due to symptoms, but guidelines do not address H. pylori testing in PPI users. We compared the rapid urease test (RUT) and histopathology (HPE) when H.

Impact of Clostridioides difficile Infection on the Outcome of Severe Flare of Ulcerative Colitis.

Background: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) and acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) are both independently associated with poor outcome. The impact of CDI on the outcome of severe flare of ulcerative colitis is not studied. In the current study, we assess the impact of CDI on the outcome of ASUC.

Global evolution of inflammatory bowel disease across epidemiologic stages.

During the twentieth century, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was considered a disease of early industrialized regions in North America, Europe and Oceania. At the turn of the twenty-first century, IBD incidence increased in newly industrialized and emerging regions in Africa, Asia and Latin America, while the prevalence in early industrialized regions continued to grow steadily. Changes in the incidence and prevalence denote the evolution of IBD across four epidemiologic stages: stage 1 (emergence), characterized by low incidence and prevalence; stage 2 (acceleration in incidence), marked by rapidly rising incidence and low prevalence; and stage 3 (compounding prevalence), where the incidence decelerates, plateaus or declines while the prevalence steadily increases.

Deep learning-based classification of gallbladder lesions in patients with non-diagnostic (GB-RADS 0) ultrasound.

Aim Of The Study: Non-diagnostic ultrasound (US) of the gallbladder may be due to various factors. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of deep learning-based classification of gallbladder lesions on US images in patients with non-diagnostic US secondary to gallbladder factors.

Material And Methods: Consecutive patients with non-diagnostic US due to calculi within the gallbladder lumen, obscuring the detailed evaluation, were identified by a research fellow from a prospective database of patients with gallbladder lesions.

Deep learning-based segmentation of gallbladder cancer on abdominal computed tomography scans: a multicenter study.

Objectives: To train and validate segmentation models for automated segmentation of gallbladder cancer (GBC) lesions from contrast-enhanced CT images.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study comprised consecutive patients with pathologically proven treatment naïve GBC who underwent a contrast-enhanced CT scan at four different tertiary care referral hospitals. The training and validation cohort comprised CT scans of 317 patients (center 1).

Effectiveness and safety of thiopurines in inflammatory bowel disease patients with NUDT15 polymorphism: a real-world retrospective study.

Background: Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) and Nudix hydrolase (NUDT15) polymorphisms predispose to thiopurine-related leukopenia.

Methods: Retrospective evaluation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients harboring NUDT15 polymorphisms and exposed to thiopurines. We report the frequency of NUDT15 polymorphism, frequency of leukopenia, the tolerated dose of azathioprine, and the clinical efficacy of thiopurines.

Multipronged strategy for protection and motivation of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a real-life study.

Objective: We aimed to assess risk of COVID-19 infection & seroprotection status in healthcare workers (HCWs) in both hospital and community settings following an intensive vaccination drive in India.

Setting: Tertiary Care Hospital.

Methods: We surveyed COVID-19 exposure risk, personal protective equipment (PPE) compliance, vaccination status, mental health & COVID-19 infection rate across different HCW cadres.

Multifocality in gallbladder cancer: An imaging-based study.

Aim Of The Study: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) lesions are usually solitary. The presence of multifocal disease can alter resectability and management. There are no systematic imaging-based studies evaluating multifocality in GBC.

Clinical, Histopathological, and Immunophenotypic Spectrum of Hepatic Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma: Eight Years' Data of a Tertiary Care Center from North India.

Background/aims: Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is an uncommon vascular tumor that commonly affects the liver. Hepatic EHE (HEHE) presents with variable clinical and histopathological features. We describe detailed clinico-histopathological features, differential diagnosis, and treatment outcomes of the cases of HEHE diagnosed in our center.

Wernicke's Encephalopathy (WE) Associated with Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG) Presenting with Psychiatric Morbidity: Description of Two Cases.

Background: Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) refers to intractable vomiting during pregnancy and is rarely associated with Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE). HG-associated WE can lead to mortality and permanent cognitive impairment if left untreated. In this report, we present two cases of WE following HG occurring in the context of comorbid severe depression.

Application of deep learning models for accurate classification of fluid collections in acute necrotizing pancreatitis on computed tomography: a multicenter study.

Purpose: To apply CT-based deep learning (DL) models for accurate solid debris-based classification of pancreatic fluid collections (PFC) in acute pancreatitis (AP).

Material And Methods: This retrospective study comprised four tertiary care hospitals. Consecutive patients with AP and PFCs who had computed tomography (CT) prior to drainage were screened.

Tracking Wall Characteristics of Necrotic Pancreatic Fluid Collections in Acute Pancreatitis on Serial Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography.

 Encapsulated pancreatic fluid collection (PFC) is a requisite for endoscopic drainage procedures. The 4-week threshold for defining walled-off necrosis does not capture the dynamic process of encapsulation. We aim to investigate the changes in the wall characteristics of PFC in acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) by comparing baseline contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) with follow-up CT scans.

Hindi translation and validation of the English version of the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale questionnaire: An observational study.

Background: The gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS) is a questionnaire in English language which is designed to assess the clinical symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and peptic ulcer disease. This validated scale has questions on around 15 items and has been validated in patients with dyspepsia and IBS.

Aim: To translate and validate the English version of the GSRS questionnaire to the Hindi version.

Dietary behaviour, attitude and food perceptions of patients with ulcerative colitis - An observational study.

Background: Dietary knowledge, perception and practices may have a role in determining the nutritional status of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the assessment of these patterns has infrequently been done in developing countries. We aimed to evaluate patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) about their dietary beliefs, practices and changes after the diagnosis.