Short-term outcomes of robotic versus laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To compare the short-term outcomes of robotic abdominoperineal resection with laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection in patients with rectal cancer.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane through March 2024 following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO number: CRD42024520671). Randomized controlled trials and nonrandomized studies comparing short-term outcomes between the 2 approaches were selected.

The effects of contextual bias on face recognition decisions.

Contemporary research has demonstrated the effects of bias on, even expert, forensic decision making. The paper aimed to test if forensically relevant face recognition decisions could be influenced by biasing information. A 3 (Bias (within-subjects): positive bias vs.

Impact of digital technology on herders' grassland leasing-in decisions in Inner Mongolia, China.

Against the backdrop of grassland ecological degradation, grassland transfer has become a crucial pathway for optimizing livestock resource allocation and promoting sustainable pastoral development. Based on survey data from 383 herder households in the farming-pastoral ecotone of Inner Mongolia, China, this study applies Heckman models, mediation models, and moderation models to examine the impact of digital technology on herders' grassland leasing-in decisions and the underlying mechanisms. The results indicate that digital technology significantly increases both the probability and the scale of grassland leasing-in among herders.

The experience of cerebral palsy stigma amongst adults living in the UK and Ireland: A qualitative co-designed project.

Background: There is evidence that cerebral palsy (CP) could be linked to stigma and discrimination, however current evidence is limited to small qualitative studies. The goal of this co-designed survey was to elicit information on experiences of stigma and discrimination amongst a larger sample of adults in the UK and Ireland.

Methods: Quantitative questions about sources of stigma and qualitative questions designed to elicit information on experiences of stigma were shared via an online survey.

A comparison of patients' preferences for psychotherapy with psychotherapists' preferences for delivering psychotherapy in China.

Despite the evidence indicating that accommodating preferences leads to better outcomes, we currently know very little about what psychotherapists prefer to deliver and whether this matches patient preferences. This research aimed to understand the degree of mismatching between patients' preferences in psychotherapy and psychotherapists' preferred psychotherapy delivery in Chinese clinical contexts. We utilized three samples from two different Chinese clinical contexts.

Effectiveness of Medical Nutrition Therapy in the Management of Patients with Obesity and Endometriosis: from the Mediterranean Diet To the Ketogenic Diet, Through Supplementation. The Role of the Nutritionist in Clinical Management.

Purpose Of The Review: This review aimed to summarize current evidence on the effectiveness of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) in the management of obesity and endometriosis, with a focus on dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean and Ketogenic diets, as well as nutritional supplementation. Additionally, it highlights the central role of the clinical nutritionist in implementing individualized, evidence-based interventions within multidisciplinary care.

Recent Findings: Although the literature reports the existence of an inverse relationship between risk of endometriosis and body mass index, clinical evidence jointly reports that a condition of obesity is associated with greater disease severity.

University autonomy is a predictor of English medium instruction in European higher education.

Despite extensive research into English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) in higher education, few if any studies have explored the role of higher education autonomy in driving EMI. This paper tests the novel hypothesis that university autonomy-spearheaded across European higher education through neoliberally predicated 'steering at a distance' reforms-predicts EMI. The data are multilevel with higher education institutions (HEIs) nested inside education systems.

Bioactive Potential and Health Benefits of L.: A Comprehensive Review.

Fenugreek seeds ( L.) are known for their impressive range of health benefits, thanks to their diverse array of phytochemicals. These include steroidal sapogenins like diosgenin, alkaloids such as trigonelline, as well as flavonoids, saponins, galactomannans, and polyphenols.

The disease burden of β-thalassaemia revisited.

Objective: The complexity of β-thalassaemia with associated morbidity, lifelong daily expensive treatment, and multidisciplinary care results in a considerable disease burden. Our study aimed to revisit the β-thalassaemia burden using epidemiological, clinical, and financial indicators related to patients, families, and healthcare systems.

Methods: Patient density measures, transfusion indices, complication rates, universal health coverage, and other indicators were tabulated by country and region.

Peri- and Postnatal High Fat Feeding Have Differential Effects on Executive Function and Associated Neurobiology in Aged Male and Female Mice.

Almost half of pregnant women globally are currently estimated to be overweight or obese. Rates of childhood obesity are also on the rise, in part because of increased consumption of dietary saturated fats. However, the long-term effect of peri- and postnatal high fat (HF) feeding on cognitive function and neuronal expression has not yet been investigated.

Ketogenic diets: Dietary therapeutic potential on breast cancer.

Among the various types of tumors, breast cancer (BC) has a high distribution in the world population and is responsible for a high mortality rate. Like other forms of cancer, BC is characterised by distinctive features such as high-energy metabolism in tumor cells, genetic mutations, and mitochondrial dysfunction that sometimes make conventional therapies less effective. However, there is a growing awareness of the vital role played by diet therapy in the overall management of the patient with BC, both by supporting standard therapy and by directly targeting aberrant biological processes involved in carcinogenesis.

Functional divergence of G protein γ subunits drives plant vigor and improvement through the CPK28-PIP1;2 pathway in tomato.

Maintaining robust plant vigor is essential for sustaining crop productivity, yet the precise roles and molecular underpinnings of G protein γ subunits in this process remain elusive. This study reveals that GGC1 is under selection during tomato domestication, and its mutants exhibit enhanced plant vigor, characterized by superior growth, increased yield, and improved fruit quality. In contrast, triple mutants gga1/ggb1/ggb2 display severely compromised vigor resembling slgb1 mutants lacking the Gβ subunit.

The Semisynthesis of 27-Deoxywithaferin A and 4--5,6-Deoxywithaferin A from Withaferin A as Potential Antitumor Agents.

We describe two concise, three-step routes for the individual synthesis of 27-deoxywithaferin A () and 4--5,6-deoxywithaferin A () from withaferin A (). The protection strategy for the double bond of enone with thiophenol and the conjugate reduction of the epoxy group are important in generating these products, with an overall yield of 40%. The absolute configuration of 4--5,6-deoxywithaferin A () has been confirmed by X-ray crystallography.

Improving surgical outcome reporting in lithiasis surgery: a comparative analysis of comprehensive complication index and clavien-dindo classification.

Background: Accurate complication reporting in endourology remains challenging, with the Clavien-Dindo Classification and Comprehensive Complication Index being the most commonly used systems. This study aimed to compare surgical outcomes and complication reporting in ureterolithotripsy (URL), percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) using both systems.

Methods: This prospective, single-center, non-interventional study included 473 patients undergoing URL, PCNL, or ESWL from October 2022 to October 2024.

Insurance policy and cropping structure adjustment toward staple grains in China: implications for food system resilience and security.

Introduction: The ongoing decline in staple crop acreage and the accelerating trend of "non-grain" cultivation pose structural risks to China's food security. Agricultural insurance, beyond its traditional role in risk mitigation, may serve as a structural policy tool to influence farmers' planting decisions and guide cropping structures toward staple grains. However, empirical evidence on this guiding function remains limited.

Marketing Management and Policymaking for Medical Cannabis: Overcoming Barriers and Shaping Strategies.

Objective: Medical cannabis has emerged as a promising therapeutic option, but its market acceptance faces significant regulatory, societal, and scientific challenges. This study explores pharmaceutical business managers' perspectives on marketing strategies, brand architecture, and the value proposition of medical cannabis, aiming to identify approaches to overcome these barriers and guide policymaking.

Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 pharmaceutical managers to explore key challenges and strategies.

Immune Tuning in Extreme Environments: Protein Citrullinome and Extracellular Vesicle Signatures Comparing Hibernating Versus Active States in the Heterothermic and Heterometabolic Tenrec ().

Tenrecs are heterothermic burrowing mammals, which are capable of withstanding extreme environmental stressors, including during hibernation. Their phylogenetic position as reminiscent of an ancestral placental mammal makes tenrecs a unique model for evolutionarily conserved traits, with potential translatability to human physiology and pathobiology, including adaptations to extreme environments. In this study, we compared tenrec plasma for post-translational protein citrullination profiles (citrullinomes) and extracellular vesicle (EV) characteristics, including selected microRNA cargoes (miR-21, miR-155, miR-206, miR-210), between baseline active and hibernating states at low (12 °C) and high (28 °C) ambient temperatures.

Anxious-Ambivalent Attachment and Cybervictimization Among Young Adults: The Mediating Role of Problematic Internet Use.

Studies have shown anxious-ambivalent attachment commonly characterizes cyberbullying victims. Similarly, studies have shown an association between anxious-ambivalent attachment and problematic internet use (PIU). Previous studies have explained this asso-ciation by noting the high interpersonal needs of individuals with anxious-ambivalent attachment who are looking for social contact.

Burden and Future Trends of Gastric Cancer in 5 East Asian Countries From 1990 to 2036: Epidemiological Study Analysis Using the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2021.

Background: Effective prevention and treatment are urgently needed, since gastric cancer (GC) poses a grave threat to the health and well-being of patients. The 5 East Asian countries (China, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, and Mongolia) represent one of the most significant regions globally in terms of GC burden.

Objective: The goal of this study is to examine the patterns and trends of GC across 5 East Asian countries between 1990 and 2021.

Bayesian Network Analysis of Intervention-Induced Physical Activity Behavior Change: Comparative Modeling Study Across Age, Education, and Activity Impairment Subgroups.

Background: Tailoring intervention content, such as those designed to improve physical activity (PA) behavior, can enhance effectiveness. Previous Bayesian network research showed that it might be relevant to tailor PA interventions based on demographic factors such as gender, revealing differences in determinants' roles between subpopulations. In order to optimize tailoring, one needs to understand the differences between subpopulations based on different characteristics.

Design, development, and validation of a non-backdrivable active ankle-foot orthosis for the TWIN lower-limb exoskeleton.

This study's primary objective was to develop an Active Ankle-Foot Orthosis (AAFO) specifically designed for integration into lower-limb exoskeletons. An analysis of human ankle motion is conducted to inform the development process, guiding the creation of an AAFO that aligns with specifics extrapolated by real data. The AAFO incorporates an electric motor with a non-backdrivable transmission system, engineered to reduce distal mass, minimize power consumption, and enable high-precision position control.

Quality of care in inflammatory bowel disease from patient's perspective using QUOTE-IBD: a Greek multicenter prospective study.

Objective: Most of the existing instruments assessing quality of care (QoC) are based on the perception of healthcare providers that may differ from that of healthcare users. We aimed to measure QoC through the patient's eyes in a Greek cohort of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (GR QUOTE-IBD) and to investigate putative sociodemographic and disease-related QoC predictors.

Methods: GR QUOTE-IBD questionnaire was delivered to patients at their regular follow-up visit, and adequate time was offered to fill it in.

The Indo-European Cognate Relationships dataset.

The Indo-European Cognate Relationships (IE-CoR) dataset is an open-access relational dataset showing how related, inherited words ('cognates') pattern across 160 languages of the Indo-European family. IE-CoR is intended as a benchmark dataset for computational research into the evolution of the Indo-European languages. It is structured around 170 reference meanings in core lexicon, and contains 25731 lexeme entries, analysed into 4981 cognate sets.

Vericiguat in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (VICTOR): a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, phase 3 trial.

Background: Vericiguat is indicated to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death and hospitalisation for heart failure in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) following a recent worsening event. The aim of the VICTOR trial was to assess the effect of vericiguat in patients with HFrEF without recent heart failure worsening.

Methods: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial, conducted at 482 sites across 36 countries, patients aged 18 years or older with HFrEF (left ventricular ejection fraction of ≤40%) without heart failure hospitalisation within 6 months or outpatient intravenous diuretic use within 3 months before randomisation were randomly assigned (1:1) using an intervention randomisation system with interactive response technology to oral vericiguat (target 10 mg dose) or matching placebo.