The effects of contextual bias on face recognition decisions.

Contemporary research has demonstrated the effects of bias on, even expert, forensic decision making. The paper aimed to test if forensically relevant face recognition decisions could be influenced by biasing information. A 3 (Bias (within-subjects): positive bias vs.

The experience of cerebral palsy stigma amongst adults living in the UK and Ireland: A qualitative co-designed project.

Background: There is evidence that cerebral palsy (CP) could be linked to stigma and discrimination, however current evidence is limited to small qualitative studies. The goal of this co-designed survey was to elicit information on experiences of stigma and discrimination amongst a larger sample of adults in the UK and Ireland.

Methods: Quantitative questions about sources of stigma and qualitative questions designed to elicit information on experiences of stigma were shared via an online survey.

University autonomy is a predictor of English medium instruction in European higher education.

Despite extensive research into English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) in higher education, few if any studies have explored the role of higher education autonomy in driving EMI. This paper tests the novel hypothesis that university autonomy-spearheaded across European higher education through neoliberally predicated 'steering at a distance' reforms-predicts EMI. The data are multilevel with higher education institutions (HEIs) nested inside education systems.

Peri- and Postnatal High Fat Feeding Have Differential Effects on Executive Function and Associated Neurobiology in Aged Male and Female Mice.

Almost half of pregnant women globally are currently estimated to be overweight or obese. Rates of childhood obesity are also on the rise, in part because of increased consumption of dietary saturated fats. However, the long-term effect of peri- and postnatal high fat (HF) feeding on cognitive function and neuronal expression has not yet been investigated.

Anxious-Ambivalent Attachment and Cybervictimization Among Young Adults: The Mediating Role of Problematic Internet Use.

Studies have shown anxious-ambivalent attachment commonly characterizes cyberbullying victims. Similarly, studies have shown an association between anxious-ambivalent attachment and problematic internet use (PIU). Previous studies have explained this asso-ciation by noting the high interpersonal needs of individuals with anxious-ambivalent attachment who are looking for social contact.

Exploring Clinician Experiences With a Digital Platform Supporting Orthopedic Care That Integrates Patient-Generated Health Data: Qualitative Study of Early Users.

Background: Digital care platforms that integrate patient-generated health data (PGHD) alongside education and communication tools have been recognized as potential instruments in transforming health care from clinician-centered to a more patient-centered approach. This transformation is driven by the potential of PGHD to provide deeper insights into patients' conditions, facilitate personalized care, improve patient quality of life, reduce inefficiencies in data collection, and empower patients. Yet, actual implementation within clinical settings is still at early stages; therefore, impacts on clinical care remain limited.

Arab2Vec: An Arabic word embedding model for use in Twitter NLP applications.

The analysis of Arabic Twitter data sets is a highly active research topic, particularly since the outbreak of COVID-19 and subsequent attempts to understand public sentiment related to the pandemic. This activity is partially driven by the high number of Arabic Twitter users, around 164 million. Word embedding models are a vital tool for analysing Twitter data sets, as they are considered one of the essential methods of transforming words into numbers that can be processed using machine learning (ML) algorithms.

Human dexterity and brains evolved hand in hand.

Large brains and dexterous hands are considered pivotal in human evolution, together making possible technology, culture and colonisation of diverse environments. Despite suggestions that hands and brains coevolved, evidence remains circumstantial. Here, we reveal a significant relationship between relatively longer thumbs - a key feature of precision grasping - and larger brains across 95 fossil and extant primates using Bayesian phylogenetic methods.

sEMG-based recognition of wrist-hand movements using a composite transformer-LSTM model.

Surface electromyography (sEMG) signals are commonly utilized as a control source for upper-limb rehabilitation robots. Fast and high accuracy recognition of sEMG-based movements is crucial for the real-time control of robots. Here, we report a composite transformer-long short-term memory (LSTM) model for recognizing wrist-hand movements from sEMG signals.

Melt reactions and timescales of melting in pelitic rocks-a case study from the Garhwal Himalaya.

Unlabelled: The nature, location, longevity and pressure-temperature conditions of different crustal melt reactions during orogenesis provide constraints on the structure, mechanical strength and exhumation of orogenic middle crust as well as element mobilisation and crustal differentiation. The Himalayan orogen offers a natural laboratory for studying crustal melting by exposing both migmatites and leucogranites in its structurally highest levels. We combine previous frameworks that link petrography or bulk geochemistry to melt reaction with in-situ trace-element analyses of large-ion lithophile elements in feldspar, mica, and garnet, U-Th-Pb isotopes in monazite and zircon and thermometry calculations in samples from the Badrinath region of the Garhwal Himalaya.

Understanding the experience of prescription charges in people living with parkinson's disease: a focus group study.

Background: In England, people aged > 60 are typically required to pay for their prescriptions. Whilst exemption criteria enable people living with specified long-term health conditions to receive free prescriptions, Parkinson's disease is omitted from this list. People with Parkinson's are often reliant upon medications, and evidence suggests that medical fees can reduce quality of life and medicine adherence.

Cross-modal adaptive reconstruction of open education resources.

Matching vast online resources to individual learners' needs remains a major challenge, especially for adults with diverse backgrounds. To address this challenge, we proposed a Dynamic Knowledge Graph-enhanced Cross-Modal Recommendation model (DKG-CMR) to solve the problem. This model utilizes a dynamic knowledge graph-a structure organizing information and relationships-that continuously updates based on learner actions and course objectives.

Investigating the Use of Jump Assessments for Firefighters in the London Fire Brigade.

Brown, L, Hastings, K, Caufield, S, Haynes, J, McClenaghan, P, and Lenetsky, S. Investigating the use of jump assessments for firefighters in the London Fire Brigade. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2025-Firefighters must possess requisite muscular strength, power, and endurance to perform operational tasks while handling external loads, such as door breakers and hose lines.

Large language models and GenAI in education: Insights from Nigerian in-service teachers through a hybrid ANN-PLS-SEM approach.

Background: The rapid integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education offers transformative opportunities to enhance teaching and learning. Among these innovations, Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT hold immense potential for instructional design, personalized learning, and administrative efficiency. However, integrating these tools into resource-constrained settings such as Nigeria presents significant challenges, including inadequate infrastructure, digital inequities, and teacher readiness.

Interactions at sea: on the microbiome life-cycle and biogeochemical processes.

The marine phycosphere is a microscale mucosal region of microbiomes surrounding a phytoplankton cell. The phycosphere (analogous to the terrestrial rhizosphere) is where microbial interactions navigate the biochemistry of the sea. The study of this microsphere deals with the causal relation enigma between two spatiotemporal scales: the micro-communal interactions and the macro-level of the biogeochemical cycles (Stocker, Science, 338(6107), 628-633, 2012); Segev et al.

Invisible burdens: Gender-specific associations between migraine and work-family conflict: Insights from the SMILE project - a cohort study.

BackgroundMigraine, a neurovascular disorder that affects quality of life, with peak prevalence during individuals' most productive working years. Work-family conflict (WFC), a well-documented source of stress, occurs when work and family responsibilities interfere with each other. While migraine has been associated with occupational impairment, its association with WFC remains underexplored.

Localized growth factor delivery from microparticles modulates osteogenic and chondrogenic gene expression in a growth factor-dependent manner in an ex vivo chick embryonic bone model.

Growth factors play a crucial role in regulating various cellular functions, including proliferation and differentiation. Consequently, the biomaterial-based delivery of exogenous growth factors presents a promising strategy in regenerative medicine to manage the healing process and restore tissue function. For effective therapeutic applications, it is essential that these active compounds are precisely targeted to the site of regeneration, with release kinetics that align with the gradual pace of tissue growth.

Microbial diversity in cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions and potential implications for disease progression and treatment outcomes.

Objective: Beyond the parasitic infection in Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), secondary bacterial colonization can influence disease chronicity, delay healing, and reduce treatment efficacy. This study investigated the bacterial diversity in CL lesions, its association with lesion duration, and its potential impact on treatment outcomes among Sri Lankan patients.

Results: Fifteen bacterial species were identified, including both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms.

Tripling Fluctuations and Peaked Sound Speed in Fermionic Matter.

A crossover involving three-fermion clusters is relevant to the hadron-quark crossover, which, if occurring in a neutron star, could naturally reproduce the dense-matter equation of state recently deduced from simultaneous observations of neutron-star masses and radii. To understand the crossover mechanism, we examine the role of tripling fluctuations induced by the formation of three-fermion clusters. The phase-shift representation of fluctuations manifests an interplay of bound and scattering states, leading to nonmonotonic momentum distributions of baryonlike clusters and peaked sound speed at finite densities.

Deletion of rgaS reduces virulence in a mouse model of Clostridioides difficile infection.

Two-component system signalling is involved in several processes relevant to Clostridioides difficile virulence. We demonstrate that deletion of the orphan histidine kinase rgaS (R20291_0503), reduces detectable toxin in the supernatant of R20291 and impairs virulence in a mouse model of infection. These data suggest that RgaS regulates virulence capabilities in hypervirulent C.

Responsible and adaptive robots in care home settings: an implementation framework analysis of a workshop with public and professionals.

As populations grow, research looks to emerging adaptive technologies for the urgent challenge in providing suitable care for older adults. Drawing on implementation science, we conducted a holistic examination looking at broader, contextual factors relating to the acceptability of robotics and sensor technologies in care homes. We held a workshop that brought together members of the public and researchers with experience in care home, to try such technologies and discuss their application in different care home scenarios.

Seasonal abundance and climatic determinants of Anopheles vectors in Sri Lanka: its implications in the malaria post-elimination era.

Background: Sri Lanka has been malaria-free since 2012, yet the risk of malaria re-introduction is high during the post-malaria elimination phase due to influx of infected individuals from endemic countries, the presence of competent Anopheles vectors, and suitable climatic conditions for vectors across Sri Lanka. This may lead to the re-emergence of autochthonous malaria in areas beyond the historically affected dry and intermediate zones. To sustain the malaria-free status, a better understanding of Anopheles species across Sri Lanka's climatic zones is essential.

Unlocking circular economy potential: Evaluating high-value chemical production from pyrolysis of plastics recovered from landfilled municipal solid waste.

This study evaluates the potential for producing valuable chemical products from plastics recovered from municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills and therefore contributing to waste reduction and resource recovery. Using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) we analysed the decomposition products of 10 plastic samples including fresh and excavated samples of different landfill periods from 4 landfill sites. The samples comprised polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), two mixed excavated plastic materials containing PE, PP, polystyrene (PS), poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC).