Bayesian Network Analysis of Intervention-Induced Physical Activity Behavior Change: Comparative Modeling Study Across Age, Education, and Activity Impairment Subgroups.

Background: Tailoring intervention content, such as those designed to improve physical activity (PA) behavior, can enhance effectiveness. Previous Bayesian network research showed that it might be relevant to tailor PA interventions based on demographic factors such as gender, revealing differences in determinants' roles between subpopulations. In order to optimize tailoring, one needs to understand the differences between subpopulations based on different characteristics.

Identifying phenotypes in OSA patients with an indication for CPAP treatment using clinical data and experienced symptom severity.

Background: Although the group of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is very heterogeneous, OSA's severity is mainly expressed by an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), which does not correlate well with the experienced symptom severity. As a first step to develop a more personalized approach for treatment, the purpose of the current study was to create, through cluster analysis, meaningful OSA phenotypes linked to the Patient Reported Apnea Questionnaire (PRAQ).

Methods: Through a survey, new OSA patients indicated for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment completed the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and the PRAQ to rate their experienced symptom severity.

Letting Work What Works-Effectively Preventing Juvenile Delinquency in the Netherlands: A Meta-Analysis of the Evidence.

This meta-analysis evaluated judicial interventions for juvenile delinquency certified by the Netherlands Youth Institute with "initial indications" for effectiveness. Ten (quasi-)experimental studies examining TOOLS4U, Multidimensional Family Therapy (MDFT), Multi Systemic Therapy (MST), Only You Decide who you Are (OYD), Responsive Social Skills Therapy (Re-SST), and Responsive Aggression Regulation Therapy (Re-ART) were synthesized. The overall effect was small, positive, and significant ( = 0.

Understanding for whom, under which circumstances and how sedentary behaviour interventions for older adults work: a realist review.

Objectives: Reducing sedentary behaviour (SB) in older adults is a promising strategy to promote healthy ageing. However, to develop more effective interventions, more in-depth information is needed on how existing interventions work. The present realist review aims to identify the working mechanisms and contextual preconditions to guide the development of future interventions.

Examining psychological protective mechanisms as moderators of the association between autistic traits and psychosis expression in a general population twin sample.

Background: Psychological protective factors, such as coping styles, extraversion, and optimal parenting, may reduce the risk of psychosis. However, their role in moderating the association between autistic traits (ATs) and psychosis expression (PE) remains understudied.

Methods: This study analyzed the first-wave data from the TwinssCan Project (n = 792 twins and siblings, 60.

Leveraging mangroves to advance climate action in Africa: Zooming in on Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).

Mangroves are vital for climate change adaptation and mitigation due to their efficient carbon sequestration and coastal protection roles providing often untapped opportunities for countries to enhance their national climate commitments (including the so-called Nationally Determined Contributions) under the Paris Agreement adopted at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) COP21 in 2015. In Africa, several countries possess mangroves and have signed the Paris Agreement, however, the level of integration of mangrove actions into the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) has not been adequately explored. Using a systematic review methodology, 33 African countries possessing mangroves were selected and their NDCs were reviewed, scored, and ranked to assess their level of integration of mangrove ecosystems into their NDCs.

The use of consumer-grade physical activity monitors: Insight into psychosocial determinants and technology acceptance.

Background: Consumer-grade physical activity (PA) monitors are used to optimize enrollment in clinical trials, to evaluate PA behavior, or to promote PA. Insight is needed into characteristics of people who use PA monitors and who do not, to enhance recruitment and generalizability of trials. We assessed demographics, psychosocial determinants and technology acceptance of (non-)users of PA monitors.

Collecting behavioural data across countries during pandemics: Development of the COVID-19 Risk Assessment Tool.

Tools that can be used to collect behavioural data during pandemics are needed to inform policy and practice. The objective of this project was to develop the Your COVID-19 Risk tool in response to the global spread of COVID-19, aiming to promote health behaviour change. We developed an online resource based on key behavioural evidence-based risk factors related to contracting and spreading COVID-19.

A Multimodal Analysis of Online Information Foraging in Health-Related Topics Based on Stimulus-Engagement Alignment: Observational Feasibility Study.

Background: The recent increase in online health information-seeking has prompted extensive user appraisal of encountered content. Information consumption depends crucially on the quality of encountered information and the user's ability to evaluate it; yet, within the context of web-based, organic search behavior, few studies take into account both these aspects simultaneously.

Objective: We aimed to explore a method to bridge these two aspects and grant even consideration to both the stimulus (web page content) and the user (ability to appraise encountered content).

Music therapy for the treatment of anxiety: a systematic review with multilevel meta-analyses.

Background: A considerable number of published clinical trials have examined the anxiety-reducing effects of music therapy interventions across several settings, including mental health care, medical environments, and work- and study-related contexts. Music therapy involves personally tailored music interventions that are designed and implemented by qualified music therapists to meet the specific health needs of individual patients.

Methods: To summarise this evidence base, we conducted a linear restricted maximum likelihood multilevel meta-analysis searching multiple electronic databases (CINAHL, Cochran Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, Web of Science core collection), from inception to 12th February 2025.

Psychological correlates of hearing protective behaviors in adolescents and young adults: a systematic review.

Background: Noise-induced hearing loss is both irreversible and preventable. However, only a minority of adolescents and young adults engage in hearing protective behaviors (HPBs) that reduce their exposure to noise, such as wearing earplugs at music venues. To promote HPBs it is imperative to know the most influential, and potentially modifiable, psychological factors that in this age group stimulate or hinder these protective behaviors.

Informed decision making in the context of HIV prevention: an experience sampling study among men who have sex with men.

Objective: Individuals seeking HIV protection can choose from various strategies (e.g. condoms, PrEP).

The Brief Sexual Attitude Scale: Psychometric Properties of the Dutch Version.

This cross-sectional study examined the psychometric properties of the Brief Sexual Attitudes Scale (BSAS) in Dutch heterosexual ( = 1129) and non-heterosexual ( = 200) samples. The study confirmed the previously reported factor structure and assessed the scale's reliability and construct validity. To evaluate construct validity, participants also completed the Sexual Opinion Survey, Sexual Disgust Questionnaire, International Index of Erectile Functioning or Female Sexual Function Index, Sexual Distress Scale, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.

Mapping conservation conflicts by integrating social network analysis and Q methodology: A sea turtle case from Sri Lanka.

Conservation conflicts pose major challenges to biodiversity conservation, and addressing related stakeholder conflicts is gaining importance in the contemporary conservation discourse. We present an innovative approach to investigate conservation conflicts by combining Social Network Analysis and Q methodology. The study focuses on human-human conflicts among sea turtle conservation, tourism, and governance stakeholders in Sri Lanka.

Psychosocial factors associated with physical activity, weight management, and sleep in adults with hip and knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease primarily affecting older adults, mainly impacting the hip and knee joints. The increasing prevalence of OA contributes to rising healthcare demands and costs. Current OA treatment guidelines emphasize the importance of self-management education and guidance, particularly in promoting physical activity and weight management.

Bridging the digital health divide: a narrative review of the causes, implications, and solutions for digital health inequalities.

Digital health interventions have the potential to improve health at a large scale globally by improving access to healthcare services and health-related information, but they tend to benefit more affluent and privileged groups more than those less privileged. In this narrative review, we describe how this 'digital health divide' can manifest across three different levels reflecting inequalities in access, skills and benefits or outcomes (i.e.

Avifaunal communities as indicators of silvicultural impacts in mangrove forests.

Although the Matang Mangrove Forest Reserve (MMFR) in Malaysia is suggested to be a global reference for sustainable silviculture, the impact of greenwood extraction on local biodiversity and ecological functionality remains under-researched. To fill this gap, a rapid biodiversity assessment was conducted using birds as ecological indicators to investigate the effect of mangrove silvicultural management on avian communities. Changes in the diversity of bird species and dietary guilds in response to forest age and management were assessed using the point-count method with visual and auditory observations.

The Moderating Role of Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Schizophrenia on the Relationship between Autistic Traits and Psychosis Expression in the General Population.

Background: Psychosis-related environmental risks in autism, along with genetic overlaps between autism and psychosis, have been well-established. However, their moderating roles in the relationship between autistic traits (ATs) and psychotic experiences (PEs) remain underexplored.

Methods: First-wave data from 792 twins and siblings (mean age: 17.

Medication Management in Patients With Polypharmacy in Primary Care: A Scoping Review of Clinical Practice Guidelines.

Objective: Inappropriate polypharmacy increases the risk of medication-related issues. Adequate management of polypharmacy is a challenge involving different healthcare professionals, complex decision-making and ideally including patient involvement. The objective of this scoping review was to provide an overview of national recommendations for medication management of patients with polypharmacy in primary care.

Employment quality and mental health in Germany: The mismatch of low employment quality with work and family values by gender.

Empirical evidence on whether low-quality employment is detrimental to workers' mental health is mostly cross-sectional and empirical evidence on pathways linking employment quality (EQ) to mental health remains scarce. Consequently, this study examines subsequent mental health associations of low-quality employment. Associations between EQ and mental health are investigated through a typology of employment arrangements.

Dark Triad and Resilience to Personal Loss: Evidence from the 2023 Türkiye-Syria Earthquakes.

Can narcissism help foster resiliency against adversity? In this study, we used Turkish panel data, to examine whether narcissism can buffer the negative impact of personal loss on change in subjective well-being in the wake of the Türkiye-Syria earthquakes of 2023. Results show that the adaptation to personal loss was stronger for individuals high on narcissism. At the same time, we found no evidence that individuals high on Machiavellianism or psychopathy - other Dark Triad traits - were better able to adapt to personal loss.