Transverse plane kinematics between walking and running change frequently for children and young adults with idiopathic torsional issues.

Background: Idiopathic excessive femoral or tibial torsion issues are common concerns leading to gait deviations. Instrumented gait analysis can be an important tool for determining lower limb transverse rotations when walking and running. The purpose of this study is to quantify transverse plane changes occurring in children and young adults with idiopathic excessive femoral or tibial torsional concerns when walking versus running.

Effects of Functional Partial Body Weight Support Treadmill Training on Mobility in Children with Ataxia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Ataxia is quite common in pediatric neuromotor disorders and has a highly heterogeneous etiology. Mobility difficulties and functional limitations reflect the lack of coordination in this population. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of an intensive program of Functional Partial Body Weight Support Treadmill Training (FPBWSTT) on the mobility and functionality of children with ataxia.

Scoping Review of Machine Learning Techniques in Marker-Based Clinical Gait Analysis.

Unlabelled: The recent proliferation of novel machine learning techniques in quantitative marker-based 3D gait analysis (3DGA) has shown promise for improving interpretations of clinical gait analysis. The objective of this study was to characterize the state of the literature on using machine learning in the analysis of marker-based 3D gait analysis to provide clinical insights that may be used to improve clinical analysis and care.

Methods: A scoping review of the literature was conducted using the PubMed and Web of Science databases.

Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome of Bilateral Lower Limbs and Forearms in an Elite Ice Hockey Athlete: A Case Report.

Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) involves increased intracompartmental pressures (ICPs) induced by physical activity, leading to intense pain and associated neurological symptoms that resolve with rest. Classically, it is associated with young male athletes. The lower limbs are typically affected in running athletes and marching military members, while the upper limbs are generally involved in motorcyclists and rowers.

Estimating the Replicability of Sports and Exercise Science Research.

Background: The replicability of sports and exercise research has not been assessed previously despite concerns about scientific practices within the field.

Aim: This study aims to provide an initial estimate of the replicability of applied sports and exercise science research published in quartile 1 journals (SCImago journal ranking for 2019 in the Sports Science subject category; www.scimagojr.

Automated identification of clinically meaningful biomechanical phenotypes in cerebral palsy through multicenter gait data.

Background: Cerebral palsy is the most prevalent motor disability in childhood, encompassing various movement disorders that affect walking. Researchers have described gait patterns in cerebral palsy, but these are often subjective and based on clinician experience. This study introduces an automated approach to objectively identify clinically meaningful biomechanical phenotypes in cerebral palsy and test it on multicenter gait data.

Presurgery and Postsurgery Outcomes Following Lower Extremity Torsional Osteotomies.

Objective: Torsional osteotomies of the femur and tibia may be indicated in select individuals with a combination of increased femoral anteversion and external tibial torsion. This study aims to quantify the presurgery and postsurgery levels of pain, function and mobility, and gait patterns in patients with lower extremity torsional abnormalities (LETAs).

Methods: Patients with LETA who underwent torsional osteotomy of the femurs and/or tibias were recruited.

Gait changes induced by a 6-min walking exercise in individuals with myotonic dystrophy type 1: relationship with muscle strength.

Background: Myotonic dystrophy type 1 is an inherited muscular dystrophy characterized by muscle weakness, myotonia, and balance deficits, contributing to early fatigue and increased risk of fall during walking. This study investigated gait changes due to continuous walking exercise.

Methods: Fourteen individuals with myotonic dystrophy type 1 were included (age 42.

Effect of vestibular rehabilitation on kinetic and kinematic parameters of gait in patients with multiple sclerosis: A single-blind randomized controlled study.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients frequently experience gait disturbances, which can be exacerbated in those with vestibular involvement. Various exercise approaches are available to address gait difficulties in this patient population, and the use of vestibular rehabilitation, in particular, has increased recently. However, the effects of this specific exercise approach on gait in MS patients remain unclear.

The Effect of Flexible Flatfoot on the Running Function in School-Age Children.

Flexible flatfoot is common among school-age children and significantly affects walking efficiency, balance stability, and joint-movement coordination in children. The demands on the skeletal structure and muscle function are increased during running; however, the impact of a flexible flatfoot on children's running capabilities is unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of flexible flatfoot on the running function of school-age children.

In vivo ankle kinetics after surgical management of concurrent chronic ankle instability and osteochondral lesions of the talus.

Background: Ankle joint moment and reaction force alteration after surgical treatment of chronic ankle instability (CAI) and osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) remains unknown.

Research Question: The current study aimed to investigate the in vivo kinetic effects of surgical management on patients with CAI and OLT and conduct a comparison with healthy subjects.

Methods: Eight patients with concurrent CAI and OLT were assessed in a stair descent setting prior to surgical management and one-year postoperatively.

Three-dimensional kinematic analysis can improve the efficacy of acupoint selection for post-stroke patients with upper limb spastic paresis: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: China is seeing a growing demand for rehabilitation treatments for post-stroke upper limb spastic paresis (PSSP-UL). Although acupuncture is known to be effective for PSSP-UL, there is room to enhance its efficacy.

Objective: This study explored a semi-personalized acupuncture approach for PSSP-UL that used three-dimensional kinematic analysis (3DKA) results to select additional acupoints, and investigated the feasibility, efficacy and safety of this approach.

Specifications and functional impact of a self-triggered grasp neuroprosthesis developed to restore prehension in hemiparetic post-stroke subjects.

Background: Stroke is the leading cause of acquired motor deficiencies in adults. Restoring prehension abilities is challenging for individuals who have not recovered active hand opening capacities after their rehabilitation. Self-triggered functional electrical stimulation applied to finger extensor muscles to restore grasping abilities in daily life is called grasp neuroprosthesis (GNP) and remains poorly accessible to the post-stroke population.

Status of surface electromyography assessment as part of clinical gait analysis in the management of patients with cerebral palsy - Outcomes of a Delphi process.

Background: The assessment of gait disorders in patients with neuromotor conditions, such as cerebral palsy (CP), has been a focus of clinical and research attention, with electromyography (EMG) offering a nuanced understanding of neurological and neuromuscular disorders. However, the interpretation of EMG data in the context of gait analysis remains challenging due to the complexity of neuromotor dynamics and variability in assessment methodologies.

Research Question: To which consensus can we get in a group of experts in the fields of neurological and neuromuscular disorders, biomechanics, and clinical gait analysis to establish standardized protocols and a common language for the measurement and analysis of EMG data in gait disorders, particularly in people living with CP?

Methods: A three-round Delphi process was conducted from February to September 2023 to gather opinions of 53 experts on the use of surface EMG data during gait in the context of CP.

Concomitant osteochondral lesion of the talus affects in vivo ankle kinetics in patients with chronic ankle instability.

Aims: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the in vivo ankle kinetic alterations in patients with concomitant chronic ankle instability (CAI) and osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT), which may offer opportunities for clinician intervention in treatment and rehabilitation.

Methods: A total of 16 subjects with CAI (eight without OLT and eight with OLT) and eight healthy subjects underwent gait analysis in a stair descent setting. Inverse dynamic analysis was applied to ground reaction forces and marker trajectories using the AnyBody Modeling System.

Model variations for tracking the trunk during sports testing in a motion capture lab.

Introduction: As motion capture technology becomes more popular for athlete monitoring and return-to-play evaluation, it is imperative that trunk mechanics are modeled similarly across participants. The purpose of this study was to determine how adjusting marker placement at the sternum or removing potentially occluded markers for purposes of tracking the trunk segment influences trunk kinematics during gait and a drop vertical jump (DVJ).

Methods: Sagittal plane trunk angles of 18 participants were computed for a Definition Model and three trunk model variations.

Shoulder Motion Overestimated by Mallet Scores.

Background: Brachial plexus birth injuries (BPBI) occur in up 0.4 to 4.6 per 1000 live births.

Hindfoot flexibility assessment of cavovarus and planovalgus feet by modified Shriners Hospitals for Children - Greenville (mSHCG) foot model.

Background: Multi-segment foot models have been used to quantify foot kinematics during walking. However, walking kinematics is not sufficient to assess hindfoot flexibility (available range of hindfoot varus-valgus motion). The modified Shriners Hospitals for Children - Greenville (mSHCG) foot model has been used to quantify hindfoot flexibility with Coleman block test (peak hindfoot valgus) and Root test (peak hindfoot varus).

Articulated ankle-foot-orthosis improves inter-limb propulsion symmetry during walking adaptability task post-stroke.

Background: Community ambulation involves complex walking adaptability tasks such as stepping over obstacles or taking long steps, which require adequate propulsion generation by the trailing leg. Individuals post-stroke often have an increased reliance on their trailing nonparetic leg and favor leading with their paretic leg, which can limit mobility. Ankle-foot-orthoses are prescribed to address common deficits post-stroke such as foot drop and ankle instability.

Recommendation of minimal distal tibial length for long axis coordinate system definitions.

Accurate anatomical coordinate systems for the foot and ankle are critical for interpreting their complex biomechanics. The tibial superior-inferior axis is crucial for analyzing joint kinematics, influencing bone motion analysis during gait using CT imaging and biplane fluoroscopy. However, the lack of consensus on how to define the tibial axis has led to variability in research, hindering generalizability.

The Effect of Knee Height Asymmetry on Gait Biomechanics.

Background: Though the primary goal for limb length discrepancy (LLD) management is to equalize the leg lengths, symmetry between corresponding long bones is usually not achieved, leading to knee height asymmetry (KHA). To date, there is minimal information on what effect KHA has on gait biomechanics and joint loading. Thus, the purpose of this study is to determine the impact of KHA on gait biomechanics.

Three-Dimensional Instrumented Gait Analysis for Children With Cerebral Palsy: An Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline.

Background: Children with cerebral palsy (CP) who walk have complex gait patterns and deviations often requiring physical therapy (PT)/medical/surgical interventions. Walking in children with CP can be assessed with 3-dimensional instrumented gait analysis (3D-IGA) providing kinematics (joint angles), kinetics (joint moments/powers), and muscle activity.

Purpose: This clinical practice guideline provides PTs, physicians, and associated clinicians involved in the care of children with CP, with 7 action statements on when and how 3D-IGA can inform clinical assessments and potential interventions.

Upper limb motor dysfunction is associated with fragmented kinetics after brain injury.

Background: Characterization of motor deficits after brain injury is important for rehabilitation personalization. While studies reported abnormalities in the kinematics of paretic and non-paretic elbow extension for patients with brain injuries, kinematic analysis is not sufficient to explore how patients deal with musculoskeletal redundancy and the energetic aspect of movement execution. Conversely, interarticular coordination and movement kinetics can reflect patients' motor strategies.

Kinematic analysis in post-stroke patients with moderate to severe upper limb paresis and non-disabled controls.

Background: Kinematic analysis has been recommended to quantify the upper limb motor function after stroke. However, previous studies have rarely reported the kinematic data of the post-stroke patients with moderate to severe upper limb paresis due to the poor accomplishment of the complex tasks.

Methods: 27 post-stroke individuals and 20 non-disabled people participated in the study.