The Impact of Family-Centered Care on Oral Health for Children With Special Health Care Needs.

Aim: To examine the association of family-centered care (FCC) with oral health indicators among children with special health care needs (CSHCN).

Methods: Data includes the CSHCN population from the 2017 to 2019 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH). Four parent- and caregiver-reported binary oral health outcomes were assessed: preventive dental visits (PDVs), cavities, condition of teeth, and oral health problems.

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Risk of Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for pain and inflammation but are associated with gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. While this risk is well established, most studies evaluate NSAIDs as a homogenous class, limiting clinical decision-making based on individual agent safety. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the risk of GI bleeding associated with individual NSAIDs.

Significant Pathology in Young Infants Presenting With Hypothermia: A Multicenter Study.

Objective: Hypothermia in young infants is often attributed to immature thermoregulation but may be the harbinger of significant pathology. We aimed to determine the prevalence and type of significant pathology in young infants aged 90 days or younger presenting with hypothermia (≤36.0 °C) and explore associations between this outcome and presenting characteristics and evaluation.

First use of imlifidase desensitization in a highly sensitized heart and liver transplant candidate: A case report.

Heart transplant candidates that are highly sensitized against human leukocyte antigens (HLA) face ongoing challenge in finding immunologically compatible donors. Desensitization strategies aimed at reducing HLA antibody titers have variable success rates. Imlifidase, a novel immunoglobulin G-degrading enzyme derived from Streptococcus pyogenes has been successfully used to eliminate pre-formed antibodies in sensitized kidney transplant recipients.

Time of administering return to sport testing following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A systematic review.

Objective: Recent evidence supports greater risk of reinjury with earlier return-to-sport. As early return-to-sport testing may promote clearance during times of elevated reinjury risk, the purpose of this study was to identify when return-to-sport testing is administered following ACL reconstruction.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted of studies where functional tests were administered post-ACL reconstruction to inform return-to-sport decisions.

Substitute economics and the threat of artificial intelligence providing pharmaceutical care.

The accelerating adoption of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, has raised critical questions about the role of pharmacists and the potential for AI to substitute for human expertise in pharmaceutical care. Grounded in Porter's Five Forces framework-specifically the threat of substitutes-this commentary explores whether AI can adequately fulfill the complex and relational functions of pharmacists in delivering care to patients. Drawing from foundational definitions of pharmaceutical care and economic theories of substitution, the paper examines both historical and emerging competitors to pharmacist-provided services, including physicians, nurses, and now AI-powered tools.

Clinical outcomes of Hydrus Microstent implantation for open-angle glaucoma: Results from a large academic center.

Purpose: To assess the clinical outcomes of Hydrus Microstent implantation with cataract extraction for the treatment of open angle glaucoma (OAG) over a maximum of 4 years.

Design: Retrospective, single-center, single-arm, longitudinal cohort study.

Subjects: 308 patients (464 eyes) with OAG who underwent Hydrus Microstent implantation with cataract extraction between February 2019 and December 2021, followed for a median (interquartile range, IQR) of 2.

Assessing Cancer Patients' Exposure to Treatment Misinformation.

Understanding when and how patients encounter cancer treatment misinformation (CTM) is essential for developing innovative strategies to combat its spread. However, a major challenge in CTM research is the lack of a reliable and valid tool to assess exposure to misinformation. This study aimed to evaluate patients' exposure to CTM through the exposure to cancer treatment misinformation (ECTM) survey.

Describing Pediatric Oncology Patients Enrolled in Phase 1 Clinical Trials.

Background: Phase 1 trials may expose pediatric oncology patients to potential adverse effects beyond drug-related toxicity, including delays in advance care planning and suboptimal quality of end-of-life (EoL) care. Pediatric palliative care (PPC) can provide symptom management support and assist with EoL planning and care for patients and families enrolling in Phase 1 trials; however, little is known about children with cancer who enroll in Phase 1 studies.

Methods: A retrospective medical record review of pediatric oncology patients enrolled on a Phase 1 clinical trial over a 9-year period was completed at an academic cancer hospital.

ENLITE PD: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Light Therapy for Impaired Sleep in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Light therapy (LT) in Parkinson's disease improves sleep. Specific LT parameters require further study, including optimal frequency.

Objectives: We aimed to determine if once- or twice-daily bright white light therapy (BWLT) improves sleep.

Healthcare Expenditures Associated With Implementing an External Facilitation Program to Increase the Prescribing of Medications Used for the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder Among Veterans.

Background: To address the opioid use disorder (OUD) public health crisis, the ADvancing Pharmacological Treatments for OUD (ADaPT-OUD) external facilitation randomized trial was conducted in 8 intervention and 27 matched control low-performing Veterans Health Administration (VHA) facilities to increase the prescribing of medications for OUD (MOUD). Facilities were considered low-performers if they were in the bottom quartile of the facility ratio of Veterans with OUD who received MOUD. The objective of this analysis was to evaluate the healthcare expenditures of Veterans with OUD who received care in ADaPT-OUD intervention facilities compared to those receiving care in matched control facilities.

Impact of intravenous iron or exogenous erythropoietin on hemoglobin mass, exercise performance, and acute mountain sickness during altitude acclimatization.

Chronic exposure to high altitude leads to increases in hemoglobin mass (Hbmass), which may improve exercise performance and decrease acute mountain sickness (AMS) symptoms. We evaluated the influence of intravenous iron or erythropoietin (EPO) treatment on Hbmass, exercise performance, and AMS during a 14-day exposure to 3094 m. Thirty-nine participants (12F) completed the study conducted in Eugene, Oregon (sea level (SL), 130 m) and Leadville, Colorado (3094 m).

Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy: Mechanism, Prevalence, Assessment, Prognosis, and Management.

Topic Importance: Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SICM) is a heterogeneous cardiovascular dysfunction associated with sepsis and septic shock. While traditionally defined by reversible left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction, recent evidence has revealed a broader spectrum, including LV diastolic dysfunction, hyperdynamic LV systolic states, and right ventricular (RV) injury, occurring independently or in combination. Despite their prognostic significance, these phenotypes remain underrecognized and understudied.

Prevalence of self-reported severe vision impairment and its association with sociodemographic characteristics and chronic diseases in Mexico: A nationwide cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Severe vision impairment is a major public health concern, diminishing quality of life and driving significant costs. Understanding its prevalence and associated factors is essential for effective prevention and care strategies. This study investigates the prevalence of severe vision impairment in Mexican adults and its association with sociodemographic factors and common chronic diseases.

Transient spinal neuropraxia in pediatric patients: analysis of an institutional experience 4 decades after the introduction of spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality.

Objective: The concept of spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality (SCIWORA) was introduced in the 1980s. Unfortunately, the nomenclature creates confusion in the modern MRI-based era when applied to pediatric traumatic spinal injuries. The authors investigated the incidence and clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with true imaging-negative traumatic cervical spinal cord injuries (SCIs).

Tracking subtle seasonal shifts in pigment composition with hyperspectral reflectance in a temperate evergreen forest.

Pigment dynamics in temperate evergreen forests remain poorly characterized, despite their year-round photosynthetic activity and importance for carbon cycling. Developing rapid, nondestructive methods to estimate pigment composition enables high-throughput assessment of plant acclimation states. In this study, we investigate the seasonality of eight chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments and hyperspectral reflectance data collected at both the needle (400-2400 nm) and canopy (420-850 nm) scales in Pinus palustris (longleaf pine) at the Ordway Swisher Biological Station in north-central Florida, USA.

Understanding the shape of chemistry data-Applications with persistent homology.

Chemical data often have complex and nonlinear patterns in how data points relate to one another. Concurrently, there are many situations where chemical data are of high dimensionality (e.g.

Genetically determined body mass index is associated with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in polygenic and Mendelian randomization analyses.

Obesity has been associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but the evidence is inconclusive. We examined the association between genetically determined adiposity and four common NHL subtypes: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and marginal zone lymphoma, using eight genome-wide association studies of European ancestry (N = 10,629 cases, 9505 controls) and constructing polygenic scores for body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI). Higher genetically determined BMI was associated with an increased risk of DLBCL [odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation (SD) = 1.

Does civilian oversight impact police legitimacy?

Does the implementation of external oversight in policing improve public perceptions of police legitimacy? Civilian review boards (CRBs) are frequently promoted as mechanisms to enhance the legitimacy of police agencies by providing independent oversight. Despite public support for CRBs, their adoption and effectiveness remain limited, raising concerns about their actual impact on procedural fairness and police legitimacy. This study assesses the role of CRBs in shaping public perceptions by examining various decision-making scenarios involving police chiefs and CRBs.

Integrated subcellular localization of functional fluorescence probes and functional analysis in motile spermatozoa by an AI-enhanced algorithm.

In the evaluation of male infertility, precise assessment of sperm functional competence has surpassed the requirements of conventional semen parameters. Existing computer-aided analysis systems are deficient at the molecular diagnostic level and also face challenges in live-cell fluorescence quantification. To address these issues, we have developed a novel integrated computational-imaging platform that combines a fine-tuned You Only Look Once version 8 (YOLOv8) architecture, tailored for the EVISEN dataset, with dual-probe fluorescence microscopy image segmentation, enabling simultaneous quantification of intracellular pH (pHi) and mitochondrial DNA G-quadruplexes (mtDNA G4s).

The paper puzzle as an active learning tool in the teaching of anatomy: A qualitative study of perceptions in students and near-peer teachers.

Active learning strategies enhance medical education by fostering self-directed learning, communication, and problem-solving skills. The paper puzzle, a game-based learning approach, provides an engaging way to reinforce anatomical knowledge and promote collaboration. This study assessed its impact on student performance and perceptions in clinical anatomy, comparing it to PowerPoint-based imaging reviews and evaluating the role of Near Peer Teachers (NPTs).